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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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| von Maltitz, Graham P.; CSIR, South Africa; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; gvmalt@csir.co.za; Gasparatos, Alexandros; Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; gasparatos@ir3s.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Fabricius, Christo; Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; christo.fabricius@nmmu.ac.za; Morris, Abbie; Independent development practitioner, Malawi; Chittock.abbie@gmail.com; Willis, Kathy J.; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK; Royal Botanical Gardens Kew, UK; kathy.willis@zoo.ox.ac.uk. |
| Jatropha-based biofuels have undergone a rapid boom-and-bust cycle in southern Africa. Despite strong initial support by governments, donors, and the private sector, there is a lack of empirical studies that compare the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of Jatropha’s two dominant modes of production: large plantations and smallholder-based projects. We apply a rapid ecosystem services assessment approach to understand the impact of two Jatropha projects that are still operational despite widespread project collapse across southern Africa: a smallholder-based project (BERL, Malawi) and a large plantation (Niqel, Mozambique). Our study focuses on changes in provisioning ecosystem services such as biofuel feedstock, food, and woodland products... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Ecosystem services; Jatropha; Malawi; Mozambique; Smallholders. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Skutsch, Margaret; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; mskutsch@ciga.unam.mx; de los Rios, Emilio; REMBIO, Mexico; emiliodelos@gmail.com; Solis, Silvia; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; solis.sm@gmail.com; Riegelhaupt, Enrique; REMBIO, Mexico; riegelya@yahoo.com; Hinojosa, Daniel; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; idhinojosaf@gmail.com; Gerfert, Sonya; University of Twente, the Netherlands; s.gerfert@student.utwente.nl; Gao, Yan; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; yangao98@gmail.com; Masera, Omar; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; omasera@gmail.com. |
| Three case studies from Mexico are presented in which the impacts of the recent introduction of jatropha cultivation for biodiesel production are examined. In Chiapas and Michoacan, local social and environmental impacts were assessed using interviews with key informants and questionnaires directed at three groups of stakeholders: jatropha cultivators, farmers in the same areas who are not cultivating jatropha, and laborers on jatropha farms. Results show that the farmers are primarily motivated to participate by the subsidies offered in a government program in the first 2 years, rather than any proven economic benefit. Our farm budget study indicated that profits would be marginal for these farmers. However, no cases of land alienation were involved, and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Carbon balance; Estates; Smallholders; Sustainability. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Andrade,Felipe A; Gonçalves,Leandro SA; Fukuji,Anderson; Miglioranza,Édison; Takahashi,Lúcia SA; Balbi-Peña,Maria I; Rodrigues,Rosana. |
| ABSTRACT Snap beans have been widely used in organic farming as a good income source and an alternative to diversify production, with increasing use in crop rotation. This work reports the evaluation of 25 bush-type snap beans accessions for their suitability to integrate a breeding program for organic farming, as well as for their resistance to the common bacterial blight (CBB). Agronomic performance was assessed in two field experiments (September-December, 2013; April-June, 2014), in complete blocks at random, while resistance to CBB was assessed in greenhouse, in a completely randomized trial. Plants were challenged with two isolates, one from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and another from X. fuscans subsp. fuscans. Accessions UEL 402, UEL 405,... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris; Xanthomonas axonopodis; Xanthomonas fuscans; Smallholders; Agroecology.. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362017000300385 |
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| Okello, Julius Juma; Narrod, Clare A.; Roy, Devesh. |
| Many African countries have moved into the production of non-traditional agricultural products, in an effort to diversify their exports and increase foreign currency earnings. However, in order to access developed country markets and urban domestic markets, these products must meet food safety requirements, including protocols relating to pesticide residues, field and pack house operations, and traceability. Faced with stringent food safety requirements, companies that establish production centers in low-income countries might exclude poor farmers, thus negatively impacting the poor. We herein study this issue in the case of the green bean export sectors in three African countries: Ethiopia, Kenya and Zambia. In the short-term, stringent food safety... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International food safety standards; Smallholders; Supply chains; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42362 |
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| Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Toan, Nguyen Ngoc; Que, Nguyen Ngoc; Jabbar, Mohammad A.; Tisdell, Clement A.; Staal, Steven J.. |
| This paper reports on the findings of a study to investigate market outlet choice decision-making of urban consumers in Vietnam with regards to fresh pork purchases and generate empirical evidence on factors that influence these choices. Data from a survey of 600 consumers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City was used to estimate a multinomial logit model of market outlet choice based on three alternatives: traditional temporary market outlets, permanent open markets, and modern retail outlets. Results suggest that market outlet choice by consumers of fresh pork in urban cities of Vietnam is conditioned by factors related to mobility and level of affluence, time budgets, concerns about food safety and hygiene, proximity to market outlets, and geographical... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Market outlet choice; Pork supply chain; Smallholders; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; D01; C25. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51437 |
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| Bellon, Mauricio R.; Gambara, Peter; Gatsi, Tendai; MacHemedze, Timothy E.; Maminimini, Obert; Waddington, Stephen R.. |
| Soil infertility is a major constraint to food production in the communal areas of Zimbabwe. Smallholders in the region recognize the problems of low soil fertility and have devised ways of coping with them. This study describes the use of farmers taxonomies of themselves and their soils to identify and understand the options they have, and the constraints they face in managing poor soil fertility in Chihota, a sub-humid communal area of north central Zimbabwe. It is part of an effort by a group of agricultural researchers and extensionists working on improved soil fertility technologies, to better integrate their work with farmers in order to expose the latter to promising technologies, get feedback on the technologies merits and feasibility, and help... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Participatory methods; Soil fertility; Local taxonomies; Smallholders; Zimbabwe; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7677 |
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| Gebremedhin, Berhanu; Jaleta, Moti. |
| The literature on commercial transformation of smallholders makes little distinction between market orientation (production decision based on market signals) and market participation (sale of output). However, policy implications to enhance commercial transformation of subsistence agriculture drawn from the analysis of the determinants of household market participation alone could be inadequate, if in fact, the determinants of market orientation and market participation are not the same or not consistent with each other. This paper analyzes the determinants of market orientation and market participation in Ethiopia separately and examines if market orientation translates into market participation. Empirical results show that the determinants of market... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Commercialization; Smallholders; Market orientation; Market participation; Marketing; C21; C24; Q12; Q13. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96159 |
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| Diao, Xinshen; Hazell, Peter B.R.; Resnick, Danielle; Thurlow, James. |
| This paper provides a nuanced perspective on debates about the potential for Africa’s smallholder agriculture to stimulate growth and alleviate poverty in an increasingly integrated world. In particular, the paper synthesizes both the traditional theoretical literature on agriculture’s role in the development process and discusses more recent literature that remains skeptical about agriculture’s development potential for Africa. In order to examine in greater detail the relevance for Africa of both the “old” and “new” literatures on agriculture, the paper provides a typology of African countries based on their stage of development, agricultural conditions, natural resources, and geographic location… More broadly, the paper demonstrates that conventional... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Growth-poverty linkages; Smallholders; Poverty alleviation; Agricultural development; Africa; Economic aspects; Agricultural sector; Ethiopia; Ghana; Rwanda; Uganda; Zambia; International Development. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55405 |
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| Gadzikwa, Lawrence; Lyne, Michael C.; Hendriks, Sheryl L.. |
| This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of free-riding in the Ezemvelo Farmers’ Organization (EFO), a group of certified organic crop growers in South Africa, using data gathered in a census survey of its 151 partially and fully certified members. The computed free-riding index scores suggested that free-riding posed a serious threat to the group’s collective marketing efforts. Regression analysis showed that members who were male, poorly educated, aware of loopholes in the grading system, and who did not trust the buyer, were more likely to free-ride. In the longer term, the EFO should address institutionalized free-riding by issuing tradable ownership rights. In the short term, it must engage with the packhouse (buyer) to remove flaws in... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Organic crops; Collective marketing; Free-riding; Crop Production/Industries; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57014 |
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| Fleming, Euan M.; Fleming, Pauline. |
| Fortunes in the agricultural sectors of four of the largest South Pacific countries are traced in recent decades by estimating the single factoral terms of trade index. The single factoral terms of trade are measured for agriculture in four Melanesian countries-Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu-over the period, 1970 to 2002. This index provides a useful method to assess changes in returns to factors employed in agricultural production in these countries. Except in Solomon Islands, farmers experienced a deteriorating index, indicating that they have reaped progressively lower returns to their resources. In Solomon Islands, returns to resources are shown to have increased slightly. A sustained contribution by the agricultural sector to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Factoral terms of trade; Melanesia; Smallholders; Total factor productivity; International Development; D24; O12; O47; Q17. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25715 |
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| Priyanti, Atien; Hanifah, Vyta W.; Mahendri, I.G.A.P.; Cahyadi, F.; Cramb, Rob A.. |
| Despite its small area and intensively cropped landscape, East Java accounts for 30% of Indonesia’s beef cattle population. About two million households draw on family labour to raise cattle in backyard sheds and small enclosures, largely for cash income. The paper reports on a study in two contrasting sites – irrigated lowlands and rainfed uplands – to explore the constraints facing cattle producers in these environments and possible means to enhance their production systems and incomes. In particular, the paper focuses on the issue of feed supply and the local market that has emerged for agricultural by-products (rice straw, maize stover, and legume residues) and planted forage grasses. The research shows that intensive cattle production can provide a... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Beef cattle; Crop by-products; Integrated farming systems; Rural livelihoods; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124411 |
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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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