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| Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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| Rada, Nicholas E.; Buccola, Steven T.; Fuglie, Keith O.. |
| Brazil now is the largest coffee, sugar, and fruit juice producer, second-largest soybean and beef producer, and third-largest corn and broiler producer. It has overtaken the U.S. in poultry exports, nearly matches the U.S. in soybean exports, and dominates global trade in frozen orange juice. To test and better understand these advances, we draw on decennial farm censuses to examine technical change and efficiency in Brazilian agriculture. Our approach is to estimate a stochastic, multi-product, output distance frontier, using a translog functional form and data disaggregated to the micro-region (sub-state) level. Using two consecutive decennial farm censuses, we combine state-level Fisher productivity-change indexes with state-level translog distance... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Shephard distance function; Stochastic frontier; Technical change; Technical efficiency; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49317 |
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| Tokgoz, Simla. |
| The objective of this study is to analyze technical change and the role of research and development (R&D) spillovers in this process for the U.S. agricultural sector. This study is composed of both a theoretical and an empirical analysis. In the theoretical analysis, a quality innovation model is used in which the R&D sector is the source of technological progress and is composed of a public and a private sector. The public R&D sector can serve either as a substitute to the private R&D sector or as a complement to it. Free trade is included in the next step of the analysis as a mechanism through which R&D spillovers are realized, along with increased market size for domestic R&D firms and increased competition from foreign R&D... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Productivity; R&D spillovers; Technical change; Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18592 |
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| MacAuley, Molly K.; Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Aronow, Emily; Austin, David H.; Bath, Tom; Darmstadter, Joel. |
| In this paper we develop a cost index-based measure of the expected consumer welfare gains from innovation in electricity generation technologies. To illustrate our approach, we estimate how much better off consumers would be from 2000 to 2020 as renewable energy technologies continue to be improved and gradually adopted, compared with a counterfactual scenario that allows for continual improvement of conventional technology. We proceed from the position that the role and prospects of renewable energy are best assessed within a market setting that considers competing energy technologies and sources. We evaluate five renewable energy technologies used to generate electricity: solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, geothermal, wind, and biomass. For each, we... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy economics; Technical change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4; O3. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10588 |
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| Hockmann, Heinrich; Kopsidis, Michael. |
| Even after more then ten years after the beginning of the transition process, Russian agriculture shows only limited sign of a recovery. Production has not reached the level of the pre-transition period and investment is still on a very low level. In this paper we use the "Theory of Induced Innovation" in order to access the development of production structures in Russia and to identify the major obstacles for restructuring. We argue that due to multiple market failure (capital, labour) and inappropriate institutional arrangements inherited from Soviet times hinder the development of Russian agriculture. Both reasons causes that agricultural enterprises have difficulties with regard to an adjustment of factor input and production corresponding to the real... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Technical change; Efficiency; Russia; Agriculture; Induced innovation theory; Agribusiness; Q11; Q16. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24652 |
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| Mekhora, Thamrong; McCann, Laura M.J.. |
| Shrimp farming in Thailand has had disastrous effects on the environment in the past, which has prompted a government ban on shrimp production in inland areas. However, a new low-salinity shrimp farming system has developed that seems to have fewer disease and environmental problems than previous systems but competes with rice production for land and water resources. The present study found that shrimp farming exhibits increasing returns to scale and is much more profitable than rice farming, which offers opportunities for rice farmers to improve their incomes through diversification. No evidence was found for external environmental effects of shrimp production on rice production or vice versa. A total ban on shrimp production in rice farming areas... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environment; Rice; Shrimp; Technical change; Thailand; Q12; Q16; Q24; Q28. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43217 |
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| Evenson, Robert E.; Huffman, Wallace E.. |
| This paper presents (1) a conceptual framework for structural change when farms may be multiproduct or specialized and (2) an econometrics examination of causes of structural and total factor productivity (TFP) change for U.S. agriculture. Farm size, farm specialization, and part-time farming are the structural dimension emphasized, and they become potential channels to TFP change. Using state aggregate data starting in 1950, we conclude that input prices, public and private research, public extension, and government commodity programs have directly and indirectly caused change in U.S. farm structure and TFP. Our results suggest that changes in farm size, however, have been dominated by input price changes rather than by technology or government programs. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farm structure; Productivity; Farm size; Farm specialization; Part-time farming; Research; Technical change; Agriculture; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28518 |
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| Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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