SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Ventura,R.R.; Gomes,D.A.; Reis,W.L.; Elias,L.L.K.; Castro,M.; Valença,M.M.; Carnio,E.C.; Rettori,V.; McCann,S.M.; Antunes-Rodrigues,J..

The central nervous system plays an important role in the control of renal sodium excretion. We present here a brief review of physiologic regulation of hydromineral balance and discuss recent results from our laboratory that focus on the participation of nitrergic, vasopressinergic, and oxytocinergic systems in the regulation of water and sodium excretion under different salt intake and hypertonic blood volume expansion (BVE) conditions. High sodium intake induced a significant increase in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the medial basal hypothalamus and neural lobe, while a low sodium diet decreased NOS activity in the neural lobe, suggesting that central NOS is involved in the control of sodium balance. An increase in plasma concentrations in...

Vasopressor mechanisms in acute aortic coarctation hypertension

Palavras-chave: Vasopressin; Oxytocin; ANP; Nitric oxide; Blood volume expansion; Sodium diet.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000900011

Angiotensin II (ANG II) and vasopressin (AVP) act together with the mechanical effect of aortic constriction in the onset of acute aortic coarctation hypertension. Blockade of ANG II and AVP V1 receptors demonstrated that ANG II acts on the prompt (5 min) rise in pressure whereas AVP is responsible for the maintenance (30-45 min) of the arterial pressure elevation during aortic coarctation. Hormone assays carried out on blood collected from conscious rats submitted to aortic constriction supported a role for ANG II in the early stage and a combined role for both ANG II and AVP in the maintenance of proximal hypertension. As expected, a role for catecholamines was ruled out in this model of hypertension, presumably due to the inhibitory effect of the...

Cardiovascular effects of the intracerebroventricular injection of adrenomedullin: roles of the peripheral vasopressin and central cholinergic systems

Palavras-chave: Aortic coarctation; Vasopressin; Angiotensin; Renal afferences; Hypertension.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000400003

Cam-Etoz,B.; Isbil-Buyukcoskun,N.; Ozluk,K..

Our objective was to investigate in conscious Sprague-Dawley (6-8 weeks, 250-300 g) female rats (N = 7 in each group) the effects of intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected adrenomedullin (ADM) on blood pressure and heart rate (HR), and to determine if ADM and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptors, peripheral V1 receptors or the central cholinergic system play roles in these cardiovascular effects. Blood pressure and HR were observed before and for 30 min following drug injections. The following results were obtained: 1) icv ADM (750 ng/10 µL) caused an increase in both blood pressure and HR (DMAP = 11.8 ± 2.3 mmHg and ΔHR = 39.7 ± 4.8 bpm). 2) Pretreatment with a CGRP receptor antagonist (CGRP8-37) and ADM receptor antagonist (ADM22-52)...

Neuroendocrine control of body fluid homeostasis

Palavras-chave: Adrenomedullin; Blood pressure; Vasopressin; Atropine; Mecamylamine.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000300011

McCann,S.M.; Gutkowska,J.; Antunes-Rodrigues,J..

Angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) play important and opposite roles in the control of water and salt intake, with angiotensin II promoting the intake of both and ANP inhibiting the intake of both. Following blood volume expansion, baroreceptor input to the brainstem induces the release of ANP within the hypothalamus that releases oxytocin (OT) that acts on its receptors in the heart to cause the release of ANP. ANP activates guanylyl cyclase that converts guanosine triphosphate into cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP activates protein kinase G that reduces heart rate and force of contraction, decreasing cardiac output. ANP acts similarly to induce vasodilation. The intrinsic OT system in the heart and vascular system augments the...

Blood flow measurements in rats using four color microspheres during blockade of different vasopressor systems

Palavras-chave: Oxytocin; Vasopressin; Atrial natriuretic peptide; Nitric oxide; Angiotensin II; Guanylyl cyclase.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000200003

De Angelis,K.; Gama,V.M.; Farah,V.A.M.; Irigoyen,M.C..

The use of colored microspheres to adequately evaluate blood flow changes under different circumstances in the same rat has been validated with a maximum of three different colors due to methodological limitations. The aim of the present study was to validate the use of four different colors measuring four repeated blood flow changes in the same rat to assess the role of vasopressor systems in controlling arterial pressure (AP). Red (150,000), white (200,000), yellow (150,000), and blue (200,000) colored microspheres were infused into the left ventricle of 6 male Wistar rats 1) at rest and 2) after vasopressin (aAVP, 10 µg/kg, iv), 3) renin-angiotensin (losartan, 10 mg/kg, iv), and 4) sympathetic system blockade (hexamethonium, 20 mg/kg, iv) to determine...

Whole transcriptome organisation in the dehydrated supraoptic nucleus

Palavras-chave: Colored microspheres; Arterial pressure; Sympathetic system; Renin-angiotensin; Vasopressin; Local blood flow measurement.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000100018

Hindmarch,C.C.T.; Franses,P.; Goodwin,B.; Murphy,D..

The supraoptic nucleus (SON) is part of the central osmotic circuitry that synthesises the hormone vasopressin (Avp) and transports it to terminals in the posterior lobe of the pituitary. Following osmotic stress such as dehydration, this tissue undergoes morphological, electrical and transcriptional changes to facilitate the appropriate regulation and release of Avp into the circulation where it conserves water at the level of the kidney. Here, the organisation of the whole transcriptome following dehydration is modelled to fit Zipf's law, a natural power law that holds true for all natural languages, that states if the frequency of word usage is plotted against its rank, then the log linear regression of this is -1. We have applied this model to our...

Central actions of glucocorticoids in the control of body fluid homeostasis: Review

Palavras-chave: Transcriptome; Supraoptic nucleus; Dehydration; Zipf; Microarray; Vasopressin.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013001201000

Ruginsk,S.G.; Lopes da Silva,A.; Ventura,R.R.; Elias,L.L.K.; Antunes-Rodrigues,J..

The involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the control of body fluid homeostasis has been extensively investigated in the past few years. In the present study, we reviewed the recent results obtained using different approaches to investigate the effects of glucocorticoids on the mechanisms of oxytocin and vasopressin synthesis and secretion in response to acute and chronic plasma volume and osmolality changes. The data presented here suggest that glucocorticoids are not only involved in the mechanisms underlying the fast release but also in the transcriptional events that lead to decreased synthesis and secretion of these neuropeptides, particularly oxytocin, under diverse experimental conditions of altered fluid volume and tonicity. The...

Neuroendocrine regulation of salt and water metabolism

Palavras-chave: Corticosterone; Vasopressin; Oxytocin; Endocannabinoid; Glutamate; NFκB.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000100010

Neurons which release atrial natriuretic peptide (ANPergic neurons) have their cell bodies in the paraventricular nucleus and in a region extending rostrally and ventrally to the anteroventral third ventricular (AV3V) region with axons which project to the median eminence and neural lobe of the pituitary gland. These neurons act to inhibit water and salt intake by blocking the action of angiotensin II. They also act, after their release into hypophyseal portal vessels, to inhibit stress-induced ACTH release, to augment prolactin release, and to inhibit the release of LHRH and growth hormone-releasing hormone. Stimulation of neurons in the AV3V region causes natriuresis and an increase in circulating ANP, whereas lesions in the AV3V region and caudally in...

Role of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis in the control of the response to stress and infection

Palavras-chave: Anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) region; Blood volume expansion; ANP neurons; Oxytocin; Vasopressin; Plasma ANP; Thirst; Salt intake; Natriuresis; Kaliuresis.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000400001

McCann,S.M.; Antunes-Rodrigues,J.; Franci,C.R.; Anselmo-Franci,J.A.; Karanth,S.; Rettori,V..

The release of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) from the corticotrophs is controlled principally by vasopressin and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Oxytocin may augment the release of ACTH under certain conditions, whereas atrial natriuretic peptide acts as a corticotropin release-inhibiting factor to inhibit ACTH release by direct action on the pituitary. Glucocorticoids act on their receptors within the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland to suppress the release of vasopressin and CRH and the release of ACTH in response to these neuropeptides. CRH neurons in the paraventricular nucleus also project to the cerebral cortex and subcortical regions and to the locus ceruleus (LC) in the brain stem. Cortical influences via the limbic system and possibly...

A novel polymorphism in the coding region of the vasopressin type 2 receptor gene

Palavras-chave: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH); Vasopressin; Oxytocin; Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP); ACTH; Cortisol; Norepinephrine; Acetyl choline; Nitric oxide.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000001000001

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare disease characterized by renal inability to respond properly to arginine vasopressin due to mutations in the vasopressin type 2 receptor (V2(R)) gene in affected kindreds. In most kindreds thus far reported, the mode of inheritance follows an X chromosome-linked recessive pattern although autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive modes of inheritance have also been described. Studies demonstrating mutations in the V2(R) gene in affected kindreds that modify the receptor structure, resulting in a dys- or nonfunctional receptor have been described, but phenotypically indistinguishable NDI patients with a structurally normal V2(R) gene have also been reported. In the present study, we analyzed exon 3 of the...

Nitric oxide modulation of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system

Palavras-chave: Vasopressin; Receptor; Polymorphism; Diabetes insipidus; Receptor gene polymorphism.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000400002

Kadekaro,M..

Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical gas produced endogenously from the amino acid L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS), has important functions in modulating vasopressin and oxytocin secretion from the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system. NO production is stimulated during increased functional activity of magnocellular neurons, in parallel with plastic changes of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus. Electrophysiological data recorded from the SON of hypothalamic slices indicate that NO inhibits firing of phasic and non-phasic neurons, while L-NAME, an NOS inhibitor, increases their activity. Results from measurement of neurohypophyseal hormones are more variable. Overall, however, it appears that NO, tonically produced in the forebrain,...

Effects of nitric oxide on magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic nucleus involve multiple mechanisms

Palavras-chave: L-NAME; Vasopressin; Oxytocin; CGMP; ODQ; Microdialysis.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000400001

Silva,M.P. da; Cedraz-Mercez,P.L.; Varanda,W.A..

Physiological evidence indicates that the supraoptic nucleus (SON) is an important region for integrating information related to homeostasis of body fluids. Located bilaterally to the optic chiasm, this nucleus is composed of magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) responsible for the synthesis and release of vasopressin and oxytocin to the neurohypophysis. At the cellular level, the control of vasopressin and oxytocin release is directly linked to the firing frequency of MNCs. In general, we can say that the excitability of these cells can be controlled via two distinct mechanisms: 1) the intrinsic membrane properties of the MNCs themselves and 2) synaptic input from circumventricular organs that contain osmosensitive neurons. It has also been...

Music genetics research: Association with musicality of a polymorphism in the AVPR1A gene

Palavras-chave: Magnocellular neurons; Supraoptic nucleus; Vasopressin; Oxytocin; Nitric oxide; Homeostasis.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000200090

Genet. Mol. Biol.

Mariath,Luiza Monteavaro; Silva,Alexandre Mauat da; Kowalski,Thayne Woycinck; Gattino,Gustavo Schulz; Araujo,Gustavo Andrade de; Figueiredo,Felipe Grahl; Tagliani-Ribeiro,Alice; Roman,Tatiana; Vianna,Fernanda Sales Luiz; Schuler-Faccini,Lavínia; Schuch,Jaqueline Bohrer.

Abstract Musicality is defined as a natural tendency, sensibility, knowledge, or talent to create, perceive, and play music. Musical abilities involve a great range of social and cognitive behaviors, which are influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Although a number of studies have yielded insights into music genetics research, genes and biological pathways related to these traits are not fully understood. Our hypothesis in the current study is that genes associated with different behaviors could also influence the musical phenotype. Our aim was to investigate whether polymorphisms in six genes (AVPR1A, SLC6A4, ITGB3, COMT, DRD2 and DRD4) related to social and cognitive traits are associated with musicality in a sample of children....

Energetic metabolism in fasting sheep: regularization of metabolic profile by treatment with oral glucose, with prior handling of gastric groove

Palavras-chave: Musicality; Music; Vasopressin; AVPR1A.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000300421

R. Bras. Zootec.

Martín-Alonso,María José; Escalera-Valente,Francisco; Cal-Pereyra,Luis G.; Benech,Alejandro; Alonso,María Pilar; González-Montaña,José Ramiro.

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate a possible corrective measure against negative metabolic states, as occurs in the advanced stage of gestation in ewes, and that sometimes produces a disease called pregnancy toxaemia. In the present research, we found that the joint administration of i.v. lysine-vasopressin (0.08 IU/kg body weight, BW) and an oral glucose solution (50 g) produces an increase in blood glucose, which persists for some time (up to 6 h); therefore, it could be used in the treatment of pregnancy toxaemia. This therapy is based on the fact that lysine-vasopressin induces gastric groove closure in adult ruminants, enabling orally administered glucose to reach the abomasum directly, from where it rapidly passes into the...