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| GARCÍA,CARLOS; PEREIRA,PAULO; VALLE,LUIS; LAGOS,NÉSTOR. |
| Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) is a gastrointestinal disease caused by lipid soluble polyether toxins produced by dinoflagellates and accumulated in shellfish. Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning is a worldwide threat to public health and the shellfish industry. To date, only four lipid soluble polyethers have been known as diarrhetic shellfish toxins. Among them, Okadaic acid (OA), Dinophysistoxin 1 (DTX-1, 35-methyl OA), Dinophysistoxin 2 (DTX-2, OA isomers) and Dinophysistoxin 3 (DTX-3, 7-O-acyl-35-methyl OA), all of which have free carboxilic groups. To perform quantitative analysis of DSP toxins in shellfish samples is a requirement, because DSP... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: DSP toxins; Okadaic acid; Dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1); Pyrenyldiazomethane (PDAM); Patagonian fjords; Chile. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602003000200007 |
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| Chaves-Moreira,Daniele; Senff-Ribeiro,Andrea; Wille,Ana Carolina Martins; Gremski,Luiza Helena; Chaim,Olga Meiri; Veiga,Silvio Sanches. |
| Abstract Brown spiders are venomous arthropods that use their venom for predation and defense. In humans, bites of these animals provoke injuries including dermonecrosis with gravitational spread of lesions, hematological abnormalities and impaired renal function. The signs and symptoms observed following a brown spider bite are called loxoscelism. Brown spider venom is a complex mixture of toxins enriched in low molecular mass proteins (4–40 kDa). Characterization of the venom confirmed the presence of three highly expressed protein classes: phospholipases D, metalloproteases (astacins) and insecticidal peptides (knottins). Recently, toxins with low levels of expression have also been... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Brown spider; Loxosceles; Venom; Toxins; Loxoscelism; Phospholipase-D; Metalloprotease; Insecticidal peptides; Serineprotease; Hyaluronidase. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992017000100201 |
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| Tetreau, Guillaume. |
| Toxins are a major virulence factor produced by many pathogenic bacteria. In vertebrates, the response of hosts to the bacteria is inseparable from the response to the toxins, allowing a comprehensive understanding of this tripartite host-pathogen-toxin interaction. However, in invertebrates, this interaction has been investigated by two complementary but historically distinct fields of research: toxinology and immunology. In this article, I highlight how such dichotomy between these two fields led to a biased, or even erroneous view of the ecology and evolution of the interaction between insects, toxins, and bacteria. I focus on the reason behind such a... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Invertebrate immunity; Host-pathogens interaction; Toxins; Bacillus thuringiensis; Resistance. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00457/56834/78950.pdf |
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| BACH,E. E.; KIMATI,H.. |
| Low molecular weight metabolites produced by Bipolaris bicolor, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Drechslera tritici-repentis are considered to be toxins that facilitate disease in wheat cultivars. Several such toxins were isolated from these fungi. Electrophoresis demonstrated bands of proteins that reduced shoot inhibition in susceptible plants but not in resistant plants. Chlorophyll content was reduced during the first 10 hours of light in the susceptible plants and after 18 hours in the resistant plants. The enzyme beta-1,3-glucanase increased in the resistant plants after treatment with toxins, but in the susceptible plants this enzyme decreased compared to... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Toxin; Wheat pathogens; Protein toxin. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79301999000200006 |
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| Baldassi,L.. |
| Clostridium is an anaerobic bacterial genus. The clostridia produce more protein toxins than any other bacterial genus and are a rich reservoir of toxins for research and medicinal uses. Clostridia are widely spread in the environment: soil, dust and water, presenting more than 120 described species, although few can cause diseases. Diseases can grossly be divided into neurotropic disorders (nervous system is primarily affected), enterotoxemias (affecting intestinal tract and parenchymatous organs), and gas gangrene (myonecrosis with toxemia). Undoubtedly the most widely recognized infection due to anaerobes was clostridial myonecrosis, but recently interest has arisen for the role of... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Clostridiosis; Clostridium spp; Toxins. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400002 |
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| Amzil, Zouher; Royer, Florence; Sibat, Manoella; Fiant, Liliane; Gelin, Muriel; Le Gal, Dominique; Francoise, Sylvaine. |
| In the context of the French phytoplankton and phycotoxins monitoring network (REPHY), shellfish scallops were harvested systematically during the authorised fishing season for the purpose of investigating paralytic toxins (PSP-mouse test), amnesic toxins (ASPchemical analysis), and lipophilic toxins (DSP-mouse test). For all shellfish samples that tested positive in the DSP mouse bioassay used for lipophilic toxins detection, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to search for the following lipophilic toxins: okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins,... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Scallops; Domoic acid; Okadaic acid and derivatives; Dinophysis. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12577/9447.pdf |
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| Fontana,M. D.; Lucas,H. S. M.; Vital Brazil,O.. |
| In 1919, Houssay and Negrete reported that venoms of Theraphosidae spiders induced neuromuscular blockade. In 1993, a purified toxin from Grammostola spider venom was found to block the P-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC), causing neuromuscular blockade. We studied the mode of action of Theraphosa blondii venom, a large Theraphosidae spider from Northern Brazil, Venezuela, and The Guyanas in mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation. This venom elicited a partially reversible neuromuscular blockade and did not depress directly evoked twitches or alter the membrane potential. Neostigmine produced only a poor antagonistic effect on partially blocked diaphragms. However, completely blocked miniature endplate potentials (m.e.p.ps) were reverted by... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Spider venom; Mouse diaphragm preparation; Neuromuscular junction; Theraphosa blondii. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79302002000200010 |
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| Belin, Catherine; Soudant, Dominique; Amzil, Zouher. |
| In France, REPHY (Observation and Surveillance Network for Phytoplankton and Hydrology in coastal waters) and REPHYTOX (Monitoring Network for Phycotoxins in marine organisms) have been contributing to long-term time series on ocean health for more than 30 years. The aim of this paper is to describe these networks and to highlight their key results. Over the last 20 years, phytoplankton flora analysis on French coasts from the Channel to Mediterranean has shown that the five “emblematic” taxa are Chaetoceros, Skeletonema, Cryptophyceae, Leptocylindrus and Pseudo-nitzschia. The latter, together with the taxa of interest Dinophysis + Phalacroma, Alexandrium, and Karenia, have been consistently recorded along the entire French coastline. However, when taking... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Monitoring network; Phytoplankton time-series; Dominant species; DST-Diarrheic; Shellfish Toxins; PST-Paralytic Shellfish Toxins; AST-Amnesic Shellfish Toxins. |
| Ano: 2021 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00617/72948/72699.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 1.558 | |
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