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Registros recuperados: 102 | |
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姫野, 友紀子; 平田, 昌弘; 石田, 定顕; 広岡, 博之; Himeno, Yukiko; Hirata, Masahiro; Ishida, Jyoken; Hirooka, Hiroyuki. |
As the second step to constructing a new method for a series analysis of traditional milk processing system,"groups of milk processing elements" have been classified in this paper. A group of milk processing elements has been defined as one unit possessing a common goal-oriented technique among certain milk processing elements. The purpose for a class-structure analysis for the milk processing elements has been to clarify the central goal-oriented intentions of human beings in regards to milk processing. From the results of analysis,the milk processing elements has been classified into three central groups,namely,"a processing group for the utilization of milk components","a processing group for preservation",and "a processing group for separation". The... |
Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3184 |
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平田, 昌弘; 姫野, 友紀子; 石田, 定顕; 広岡, 博之; Hirata, Masahiro; Himeno, Yukiko; Ishida, Jyoken; Hirooka, Hiroyuki. |
As the first step to constructing a new method for a series analysis of the traditional milk processing system,"milk processing elements" were proposed in this paper. A milk processing element was defined as a goal-oriented technique used by human beings in milk processing, such as "churning" which is a procedure intended to extract butter by stirring the milk. The conception of this milk processing element is totally different from the milk processing which is used to explain the process in modern milk factory. Twenty-seven milk processing elements have been identified. The meaning of each element has been clarified using data from 33 papers which adequately report milk processing conducted by local livestock holders in each case over Eurasia and Africa.... |
Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3183 |
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平田, 昌弘; 門平, 睦代; 水谷, 文美; 松本, 葉; 小疇, 浩; 佐藤, 雅俊; HIRATA, Masahiro; KADOHIRA, Mutsuyo; MIZUTANI, Fumi; MATSUMOTO, Kazuha; KOAZE, Hiroshi; SATO, Masatoshi. |
ケニア高原地帯のライキピア県において、大規模牧場が野生動植物の保全に果たす役割を検討するために、ヨーロッパ人による大規模牧場と現地の人々による小規模牧畜地帯における植生状態と土地利用の現状を定性的に把握した。大規模牧場(ロルダイガ牧場)の植生は、原生林(林床が短草型草本)、Acacia林(林床が長草型草本)、そして、局所的にAcacia林(林床が短草型草本)によって構成されていた。植生は、ExcellentからFairの状態で利用され、多くはGoodの状態で利用されていると評価された。草地1 ha当たりに換算したウシ飼養頭数が0.25頭という低い放牧圧であれば、植生はほぼGoodの状態で管理されることが示唆された。一方、小規模牧畜地帯(イル-ポレイ集落)の植生は、主にAcacia林(林床が短草型草本)となっていた。この土地利用の状態は、FairからPoorであると評価され、草地1 ha当たりに換算したウシ飼養頭数が2.26頭という極めて高い放牧圧では、植生はPoorに向かって退行してしまうと判断できる。「大規模放牧地で緩やかな土地利用、そして、放牧移動性を高いままに維持すること」こそ、土地を人間が利用しつつも環境保全を成功させる戦略であると考えられる。ケニア高原における大規模牧場の経営形態は、世界でも注目されるべき優れた放牧利用の事例と考えられる。 Vegetational condition and land utilization were surveyed in the large-scale ranch managed by European farmers and a small-scale pastoral area used by indigenous peoples in Laikipia... |
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Palavras-chave: 牧畜; 放牧圧; 植生退行; 大規模牧場; ケニア高原; Pastoralism; Grazing pressure; Vegetation regression; Large-scale ranch; Kenya highland. |
Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/99 |
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平田, 昌弘; HIRATA, Masahiro. |
ユーラシア大陸の乳加工技術と乳製品を、これから約1年にわたって毎月のシリーズで紹介していきたい。 ユーラシア大陸といっても広大である。それぞれの地域で様々な乳加工技術が発達し,珍しい乳製品がつくり出されてきた。バターは発酵乳からつくられることが多く,発酵乳は清涼飲料,チーズなどにも加工され,牧畜民の乳加工において発酵乳の出番は多い。チーズ加工の凝固剤にはレンネットだけでなく,酸乳や有機酸を用い,牧畜民の加工するチーズは熟成させることはない。乳から酒をつくっていたりもする。多くはお世辞にも旨いといえるシロモノではないが,幾つかはキラリとひかる美味しさと利用の仕方とがある。このような牧畜民の乳製品と乳利用とはいったい,どのようなものであろうか。想像するだけでもワクワクしてきて,現地を訪ねてみたくなる。このシリーズでは,西アジア,北アジア,中央アジア,南アジア,チベット高原,ヨーロッパを事例として,乳加工技術と乳製品とを具体的に紹介していきたい。なるべく現地の写真を多く掲載しながら解説していく。シリーズ最初の今回は,乳利用が人類にもたらした生業革命―牧畜の誕生,そして,現在のユーラシア大陸における乳加工の特徴について外観しておきたい。 |
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Palavras-chave: 牧畜; 生業; 乳製品; ユーラシア大陸. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3068 |
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平田, 昌弘; Hirata, Masahiro. |
The purpose of this paper is to understand 1) the milk processing system which is adopted by the local Quechua peoples, and 2) to analyze the background to make the Quechua peoples accept its technique in the southern Peru, Andean highland. The technique of cheese making by rennet is only diffused in the southern Peru, Andean highland, although the maturation techniques of cheese and other techniques than cheese making have not been adopted. As the background on the only acceptance of the solidifying-additives using series such us the technique to make the non-maturing type cheese, it was considered that 1) the taste are harmonized between salty cheese and the local food mainly based on potato and maize, 2) the adoption of cheese making decrease the labor... |
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Palavras-chave: 乳加工体系; 伝播・変遷; アンデス; 熱帯高地; Milk processing system; Diffusion and transition; Andes; Tropical highland. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3589 |
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平田, 昌弘; 米田, 佑子; 有賀, 秀子; 内田, 健治; 元島, 英雅; 花田, 正明; 河合, 正人; Hirata, Masahiro; Yoneda, Yuko; Ariga, Hideko; Uchida, Kenji; Motoshima, Hidemasa; Hanada, Masaaki; Kawai, Masahito. |
The reproduction and identification of ancient dairy products in East Asia were conducted based on "SEIMINYOUJYUTU" which is the order ancient document available in East Asia and contains detailed explanation about milk processing,and then the spread pathway of these milk processing techniques into East Asia was discussed in this paper. As the results of reproduction and identification experiments,RAKU was identified as sour milk,KANRAKU could not be identified,ROKURAKU was identified as unmatured type cheese such as KHOROOT of Mongolian pastoralists and KURUT of Turki pastoralists,and SO was identified as butter and butter oil. Since some imprecise descriptions were found in SEIMINYOUJYUTU through the reproduction experiment,it was considered that... |
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Palavras-chave: Historical document; East Asia; Milk product; Pastoralist; Spread. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3074 |
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平田, 昌弘. |
アジア大陸における乳文化圏を地理的に類型分類し、発酵乳の起原と伝播についての検討を試みた。 その結果、アジアには、北方乳文化圏と南方文化圏が存在し、両者の技術が相互に影響しあった北方・ 南方乳文化重層圏が存在していることが明らかとなった。つまり、北方乳文化圏は、クリーム分離(ク リーム分離とクリーム加熱によるバターオイル加工)と乳酒つくりが発達している。一方、南方乳文化 圏は、酸乳のチャーニングによる乳脂肪の分画(バター加工とバターの脂肪精製によるバターオイル加 工)が発達している。更に、発酵乳は西アジアに起原し、現在みられる西アジア型の発酵乳系列群の乳加工技術に発達した段階で北方域へと伝播し、冷涼性故に北方域特有に変遷し、北方域と南方域の乳加 工技術へとそれぞれに発展していった可能性が高いと結論づけられた。 |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3190 |
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平田, 昌弘; 清田, 麻衣; Hirata, Masahiro; Kiyota, Mai. |
The milk processing systems of 4 dairy farmers in the hilly terrain of south-central France were surveyed to clarify those characteristics and discuss the transition process of milk processing system in the cold and humid climate condition, of which the origin came from the dry areas of Asian Continent. The characteristics of milk processing system in the south-central France was the specialization for mature cheese making conducted by the technique of solidifying-additives using series. Although the technique of cream separating series had also been used in the region,all 4 dairy farmers don't currently adopt it because of its lower benefit than cheese making. Hence,butter was currently made not from cream, but from whey that was produced in cheese... |
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Palavras-chave: Maturing; Cold and humid climate; Cheese; Milk processing system; Dairy industry. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3073 |
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Registros recuperados: 102 | |
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