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| Melissa A. Fowler; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper. |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) null mutant (-/-) mice have been reported to totally lack the reinforcing or locomotor stimulating effects of cocaine. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for their locomotor and conditioned place- preference response to cocaine. Unlike the previous finding, here we show that compared to mGluR5 +/+ mice, -/- mice exhibit no difference in the locomotor response to low to moderate doses of cocaine (10 or 20 mg/kg). A high dose of cocaine (40 mg/kg) resulted in a blunted rather than absent locomotor response. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for conditioned place-preference to cocaine and found no group differences at a conditioning dose of 10 mg/kg, suggesting normal conditioned rewarding properties of cocaine. These... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6180/version/1 |
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| Kristin C. Rasmus; Jun-Gang Wang; Andrew L. Varnell; Eric M. Ostertag; Donald C. Cooper. |
| Shyness and social anxiety are predominant features of some psychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia, anxiety and depression. Understanding the cellular and molecular determinants of sociability may reveal therapeutic approaches to treat individuals with these disorders and improve their quality of life. Previous experiments from our laboratory have identified selective mRNA and protein expression of a nonselective cation channel known as the canonical transient receptor potential channel 4 (TRPC4s) in brain regions implicated in emotional regulation and anxiety. TRPC4 is highly expressed in the corticolimbic regions of the mammalian brain. We hypothesized that robust corticolimbic expression of TRPC4 may regulate the brain’s... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6367/version/1 |
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| Juan A. Varela; Jungang Wang; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper. |
| Behavioral control over stressful stimuli induces resilience to future conditions when control is lacking. The medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC) is a critically important brain region required for plasticity of stress resilience. We found that control over stress induces plasticity of the intrinsic voltage-gated conductances of pyramidal neurons in the PFC. To gain insight into the underlying biophysical mechanisms of this plasticity we used the conductance- based neural simulation software tool, NEURON, to model the increase in membrane excitability associated with resilience to stress. A ball and stick multicompartment conductance-based model was used to realistically fit passive and active data traces from prototypical pyramidal neurons in neurons in rats... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6267/version/1 |
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| Jun-li Cao; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper. |
| Gulf War syndrome is a chronic multi-symptom illness that has affected about a quarter of the deployed veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. Exposure to prolonged low-level organophosphate insecticides and other toxic chemicals is now thought to be responsible. Chlorpyrifos was one commonly used insecticide. The metabolite of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, is a potent irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, much like the nerve agent Sarin. To date, the target brain region(s) most susceptible to the neuroactive effects of chlorpyrifos oxon have yet to be identified. To address this we tested ability of chlorpyrifos oxon to influence neuronal excitability and induce lasting changes in the locus coeruleus, a brain region implicated in anxiety, substance... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6057/version/2 |
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| Melissa A. Fowler; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper. |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) null mutant (-/-) mice have been reported to totally lack the reinforcing or locomotor stimulating effects of cocaine. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for their locomotor and conditioned place- preference response to cocaine. Unlike the previous finding, here we show that compared to mGluR5 +/+ mice, -/- mice exhibit no difference in the locomotor response to low to moderate doses of cocaine (10 or 20 mg/kg). A high dose of cocaine (40 mg/kg) resulted in a blunted rather than absent locomotor response. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for conditioned place-preference to cocaine and found no group differences at a conditioning dose of 10 mg/kg, suggesting normal conditioned rewarding properties of cocaine. These... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6180/version/2 |
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| Peter Dobelis; Andrew L. Varnell; Kevin J. Staley; Donald C. Cooper. |
| The  tryptophan  metabolite,  kynurenic  acid (KYNA),  is  classically  known  to  be  an antagonist  of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Within the last decade several reports have been published suggesting that KYNA also blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) containing the α7 subunit (α7*). Most of these reports involve either indirect measurements of KYNA effects on α7 nAChR function, or are reports of KYNA effects in complicated in vivo systems.  However, a recent report investigating KYNA interactions with α7 nAChRs failed to detect an interaction using direct measurements of... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6277/version/1 |
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| Jun-li Cao; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper. |
| Gulf War syndrome is a chronic multi-symptom illness that has affected about a quarter of the deployed veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. Exposure to prolonged low-level organophosphate insecticides and other toxic chemicals is now thought to be responsible. Chlorpyrifos was one commonly used insecticide. The metabolite of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, is a potent irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, much like the nerve agent Sarin. To date, the target brain region(s) most susceptible to the neuroactive effects of chlorpyrifos oxon have yet to be identified. To address this we tested ability of chlorpyrifos oxon to influence neuronal excitability and induce lasting changes in the locus coeruleus, a brain region implicated in anxiety, substance... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6057/version/1 |
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