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| White, Fred C.; Araji, A.A.. |
| The decision-making process by which academic departments within an experiment station allocate funds among commodities is examined. The decision to conduct research on some commodities and not on others introduces a problem of censored dependent variables. In order to overcome this problem, a simultaneous equations model with selectivity was used; it was applied to data from the Idaho Experiment Station. The results indicated a simultaneous relationship between research funding levels and expected benefits. Marginal products of one dollar in research investment were $53.80 for applied research, and $8.49 for maintenance research. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32065 |
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| Araji, A.A.; White, Fred C.; Guenthner, Joseph F.. |
| Returns to investments in potato research were estimated for the United States and six subregions. The study combines time-series and cross-sectional data to estimate the supply response for potatoes. Two research variables, research within the state and within the region, were included as exogenous variables to identify spillovers of research results. The rate of return to investments in potato research in the U.S. is estimated at 79%. Of this, 31% accrues to states conducting the research and 69% is accounted for by the spillover effects. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30775 |
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| Araji, A.A.. |
| Following World War II, pest control largely shifted from a biological discipline to a chemical one. Unilateral dependence on pesticides has also resulted in concentrating effort on developing high-yield crop varieties with disregard for loss of characters for tolerance or resistance to pests. The broad ecological dictum of considering the whole interacting system was generally ignored and, thus, the importance of natural enemies and the plant's own factor for resisting pests. Excessive reliance on pesticides for the last three decades has destroyed natural enemies and caused some pests to develop resistance to pesticides. Consequently, the use of frequent treatments with increasing dosages was adopted in an effort to control pests. This development,... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1981 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49056 |
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