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Registros recuperados: 71
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Estimating society's willingness to pay to maintain viable rural communities AgEcon
Bennett, Jeffrey W.; van Bueren, Martin; Whitten, Stuart M..
Declining populations in rural and regional areas have become a high political priority in Australia. Calls for measures to support rural communities have been prompted by substantial population declines in some country areas. In Europe and the USA, similar political pressures to halt population losses in rural and regional areas are also apparent; often as a component of the multifunctionality of agriculture. The question addressed in the present paper is whether or not the Australian tax‐paying public would be willing to pay to avoid losses of people from rural and regional areas that may result from environmental protection measures. As an integral component of two recent non‐market, environmental valuation exercises using Choice Modelling, the value of...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117978
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USING DIRECT QUESTIONING TO VALUE THE EXISTENCE BENEFITS OF PRESERVED NATURAL AREAS AgEcon
Bennett, Jeffrey W..
A major limitation to the effectiveness of benefit-cost analyses of proposals involving natural ecosystems is the assertion of existence demand. Not only has confusion arisen regarding its exact definition but little has been done to establish its magnitude. Existence benefits are defined and an empirical study of the value a sample of Canberra residents places on the continued provision of the existence benefits of a particular ecosystem, Nadgee Nature Reserve, is outlined. It is concluded that while the measurement technique employed, the direct questioning of respondents, may be subject to a problem of response bias, it is capable of providing a reasonable estimate of these existence benefits. The average existence value per Canberra adult is at least...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1984 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22438
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Household perceptions of climate change and preferences for mitigation action: the case of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme in Australia AgEcon
Akter, Sonia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
This study aims to show how Australian households perceive climate change and what they are prepared to do to reduce the harmful effects of climate change. A web-based survey in November 2008 asked approximately 600 New South Wales households about their willingness to pay additional household expenses caused by the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) proposed by the Australian government. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), a widely used non-market valuation technique, was applied. Results of the study show there is a positive demand to mitigate climate change in Australia resulting from a wish to avoid climate change. Households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for climate change was, however, significantly curbed as households was uncertain about...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Climate change; Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme; Willingness to pay; Uncertainty; Australia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94819
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Using focus groups to design a choice modelling questionnaire for estimating natural resource management benefits in NSW AgEcon
Mazur, Kasia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
In this study, focus group discussions were used to design a choice modelling (CM) questionnaire to estimate community wide values for the environmental and social benefits provided by natural resource management changes in the Namoi, Lachlan and Hawkesbury-Nepean catchments. This report describes the logistics of the focus groups and outlines the main conclusions drawn from the discussions. The research team conducted eight focus groups in the main urban areas of the regions where the CM survey will be conducted (Tamworth, Cowra, Goulburn and Sydney). How the CM questionnaire was developed with focus group participant input is also discussed in the report. The focus group meetings resulted in a draft questionnaire to be refined in consultation with...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Focus groups; Choice modelling; Questionnaire design; Natural resource management.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94801
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Strategic response to a sequence of discrete choice questions AgEcon
McNair, Ben J.; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Hensher, David A..
According to neoclassical economic theory, the only stated preference elicitation format that can feasibly be employed in field studies to which truthful response can be the dominant strategy for all respondents is a single binary choice between the status quo and one alternative. In studies where the objective is estimation of preferences for multiple attributes of a good, it is preferred (and, in some cases, necessary) based on econometric considerations, to present respondents with a sequence of choice tasks. Economic theory predicts that utility-maximising respondents may find it optimal to misrepresent their preferences in this elicitation format. In this paper, the effect on stated preferences of expanding the number of choice tasks per respondent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Willingness to pay; Incentive compatibility; Strategic behaviour; Order effects; Underground electricity; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59102
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The Effects of a Provision Rule in Choice Modelling AgEcon
Mazur, Kasia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
This research report investigates the effects of including a provision rule in choice modelling non-market valuation studies. Split samples with and without a provision rule were used to test for differences in household willingness-to-pay for improvements in environmental quality in the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment. Local/rural and distant/urban sub-samples of residents were selected. The results of the study show that the inclusion of a provision rule had an effect on preferences in the distant/urban communities; however, the impact of a provision rule in the local/rural community sub-samples was negligible.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Incentive comparability; Provision rule; Non-market valuation; Environment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94945
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Towards the development of a transferable set of value estimates for environmental attributes AgEcon
van Bueren, Martin; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Estimates of environmental values are frequently required as inputs to cost‐benefit analyses when evaluating alternative options for managing natural resources. One strategy to avoid the high cost of conducting empirical work when non‐market values are involved is to use value estimates from an existing source study and to transfer them to the target context of interest (a practice known as benefit transfer). However, the transfer of values is subject to a host of potential errors and could lead to significant overestimation or underestimation of welfare change. The present paper reports the results of a choice modelling study in which household values for the impacts of land and water degradation in Australia are estimated. A key objective of the present...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117859
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Australian economic development and the environment: conflict or synergy? AgEcon
Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Gillespie, Robert; Dumsday, Robert G..
The populist view of economic development and the environment is that advances in one will necessarily result in a decline in the other. Evidence in the Australian context is that the dual goals can be achieved simultaneously. As economic development progresses, the increasing levels of income stimulate greater demand for environmental improvements. The population engages in more environmentally focused consumption and calls for its governments to introduce more policies designed to rehabilitate and protect environmental assets. Concurrently, the increasing levels of wealth allow for increasing expenditure on research and development into production processes that generate greater productivity and less environmental damage. The Australian agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Economic development; Environmental protection; Agriculture; Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6040
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Private Sector Initiatives in Nature Conservation AgEcon
Bennett, Jeffrey W..
The provision and management of protected natural areas has generally been regarded as the province of governments. Yet there are theoretical arguments to support the contention that the private sector can play a valuable role in nature conservation. There are also numerous examples of private sector initiatives in countries as economically, culturally and environmentally diverse as Australia, New Zealand, Germany and Vanuatu.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12382
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Integrated Hydro-Economic Modelling: Challenges and Experiences in an Australian Catchment AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Integrated catchment policies are widely used to manage natural resources in Australian catchments. Integration of environmental processes with socio-economic systems is often difficult due to the limitations of decision support tools. To support assessments of the environmental and economic trade-offs of changes in catchment management, fully integrated models are needed. This research demonstrates a Bayesian Network (BN) approach to integrating environmental modelling with economic valuation. The model incorporates hydrological, ecological and economic models for the George catchment in Tasmania. Choice experiments were used to elicit information about the non-market costs and benefits of environmental changes. This allows the efficiency of alternative...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Hydro-economic modelling; Integrated catchment modelling; Ecological modelling; Valuation; Bayesian networks; Water quality; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94815
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Willingness to pay for kerbside recycling the Brisbane Region AgEcon
Gillespie, Robert; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Waste policy in Australia has a strong focus on kerbside recycling. This has a range of costs and benefits to the community, including non-market benefits. However, in Australia, there has been little investigation of household willingness to pay for kerbside recycling. This paper used mixed logit choice modelling to estimate the willingness to pay of households in Brisbane, Australia for kerbside waste collection services including kerbside recycling. It was found that households in Brisbane have a positive and significant willingness to pay of $131.49 per annum for fortnightly kerbside recycling and would be willing to pay an additional $18.30 to increase the frequency of this service to weekly. The utility of respondents was, however, found to decline...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107805
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Protecting the Booroolong Frog in the Namoi Catchment: A Cost-Benefit Analysis AgEcon
Greyling, Tertius; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
The Booroolong frog project in the Namoi Catchment represents an environmental investment to protect the species and around 10.7 kilometres of its habitat in the catchment. The project’s benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 8.6 indicates that the benefits outweigh the costs by a significant margin. The measures introduced by landholders, at relatively low cost, should therefore result in a significant return on investment upon project completion in 10 years time. The benefits are estimated using a choice modelling study which was recently developed for the valuation of investment in natural resource management in the Namoi Catchment. As this is a largely ex ante cost-benefit analysis, the BCR is subject to uncertainty associated with assumptions which had to be...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Cost-benefit analysis; Benefit-cost ratio; Choice modelling; Booroolong Frog; Namoi Catchment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107851
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Quasi-option values for enhanced information regarding genetically modified foods AgEcon
Donaghy, Peter; Rolfe, John; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Issues concerning the long-term environmental and health risks associated with the production of genetically modified foods remain highly topical in Australia. It is unclear how consumers values for a precautionary approach to the release of genetically modified crops compares to the opportunity costs of forgoing economic growth associated with the use of these technologies. In this paper, an application of the contingent valuation method is reported. That technique was used to estimate quasi-option values held by consumers regarding a potential five year moratorium on the use of genetic modification in Australian agriculture. The results are compared to the estimated opportunity costs of imposing such a ban o Queensland consumers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Quasi-option values; Genetically modified organisms; Contingent valuation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58403
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Investigating the Effects of Attribute Level Framing and Changing Cost Levels in Choice Experiments AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Choice experiments (CE) are increasingly used to estimate the values of non-market goods and services. A cost attribute is typically included in a CE questionnaire to estimate monetary values for changes in the non-market attributes presented. Although the cost attribute is centrally important, there has been limited research into the impacts of varying cost attribute levels on respondents’ choices in CE surveys. The context in which non-market attributes are presented to respondents (the ‘attribute frame’) may also affect value estimates. The challenge for CE practitioners is to identify the ‘appropriate’ attribute frames and cost level range. Results from a CE study in Tasmania show that respondents’ preferences are not impacted by describing an...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Mixed Logit models; Environmental valuation; Attribute framing; Cost bias; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94817
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A BIO-ECONOMIC MODEL OF WETLAND PROTECTION ON PRIVATE LANDS AgEcon
Whitten, Stuart M.; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Wetland ecosystems on privately owned farms – such as those on the Murrumbidgee River Floodplain in the state of New South Wales, Australia – provide a mix of potentially valuable outputs to their owners and the wider community. The mix of values generated is dependent on the biophysical status of the wetlands, which in-turn, is dependent on the land management in and around these multiple-output ecosystems. Despite the range of private and public values generated, management decisions are based primarily on the private values that landowners receive. These private land management decisions also affect social values. Hence, there is potentially a demand for public policy to influence decisions based on the social values wetlands generate. This paper...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20122
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Scale and scope effects on communities’ values for environmental improvements in the Namoi catchment: A choice modelling approach AgEcon
Mazur, Kasia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
This report presents results of research designed to investigate variations in willingness to pay (WTP) estimates across different scales and scopes of environmental investments. The goal is to help catchment management authorities better prioritise their natural resource management actions at both catchment and farm levels. Five split samples were used to test for scale and scope effects. A choice-modelling (CM) analysis was used to elicit household WTP for improvements in environmental quality attributes in the Namoi catchment. The approach was developed so that value estimates could be more accurately transferred between different action scopes.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Scale effect; Scope effect; Embedding; Non-market valuation; Catchment planning; Environment.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94891
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Valuing ecosystem resilience AgEcon
Scheufele, Gabriela; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
The concept of ecosystem resilience is being increasingly discussed as a driver of biodiversity values. It implies that marginal deteriorations in ecosystem conditions can abruptly result in non-marginal and irreversible changes in ecosystem functioning and the economic values that the ecosystem generates. This challenges the traditional approach to the valuation of biodiversity, which has focused on quantifying values attached to individual species or other elements of ecosystems. As yet, little is known about the value society attaches to changes in ecosystem resilience. This paper investigates this value. A discrete choice experiment is used to estimate implicit prices for attributes used to describe ecosystem resilience using the Border Ranges...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Ecosystem resilience; Discrete choice experiments; Implicit prices; Willingness to pay space; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107806
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Valuing remnant vegetation in Central Queensland using choice modelling AgEcon
Blamey, Russell K.; Rolfe, John; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Morrison, Mark.
In the Desert Uplands region of Central Queensland, many pastoralists are clearing vegetation in order to improve cattle grazing production. A choice modelling study was undertaken to provide estimates of the benefits of retaining remnant vegetation that are appropriate for inclusion in a cost benefit analysis of tighter clearing restrictions. Attributes included in the choice model were reductions in the population size of non‐threatened species, the number of endangered species lost to the region, and changes in regional income and employment. A nested logit model was used to model the data in order to avoid violations of the independence of irrelevant alternatives condition. The estimated benefits are reported for several tree clearing policy regimes...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117846
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Using choice experiments to value river and estuary health in Tasmania with individual preference heterogeneity AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Choice experiments (CE – otherwise known as Choice Modelling) have become a widespread approach to environmental valuation in Australia, with many examples assessing the tradeoffs between river catchment management and socio-economic impacts. There is, however, limited information on the values of Australian estuaries. Furthermore, none of the existing valuation studies address catchment management changes in Tasmania. The CE study reported in this paper aims to elicit community preferences for the protection of the rivers and estuary of the George catchment in north-eastern Tasmania. Results from conditional and mixed logit models show that respondents are, on average, willing to pay between $2.47 and $4.46 for a km increase in native riverside vegetation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: River condition; Estuary condition; Environmental values; Non-market valuation; Choice Experiments; Tasmania.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48058
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Analysing options for the Red Gum Forests along the Murray River AgEcon
Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Dumsday, Robert G.; Gillespie, Robert.
The Victorian Environmental Assessment Council is conducting an investigation into the management of the public land River Red Gum Forests of the Murray River Valley in Victoria. In this paper the authors apply the results of an earlier Choice Modelling exercise commissioned by VEAC to estimate the non-use values of the forests. A Benefit Cost Analysis of VEAC's draft recommendations included assessment of the market and non market values associated with different River Red Gum forest management strategies. It is concluded that the use of water for environmental flows is competitive with its use for irrigation. Other economic values associated with timber harvesting, grazing and duck hunting are small in comparison with the water values.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice Modelling; Environment; River Red Gums; Benefit Cost Analysis; Water Resources; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6029
Registros recuperados: 71
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