SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

A modified version of a system dynamics model constructed for an EU-wide case-study project (TOPMARD) using STELLA software was used to simulate the effects of a number of development scenarios for a remote rural area in Northern Scotland, i.e. Caithness & Sutherland, which is characterised by multifunctional agriculture. In this paper, the context of the modelling work in policy and socioeconomic terms is first described. This is followed by the specification of the model and of the modelling scenarios, one of which relates to the “decommissioning” (run-down) of a major industrial site (Dounreay) within the area. The modelling results are discussed, in terms of regional population, land use, economic and other terms, from 2001 to 2015/2031. Finally,...

REFORMING PILLAR 2 –TOWARDS SIGNIFICANT AND SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT?

Palavras-chave: Modelling; Multifunctionality; Input-output; Systems dynamics; Rural policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6596

Bergmann, Holger; Dax, Thomas; Hocevar, Vida; Hovorka, Gerhard; Juvancic, Luka; Kroger, Melanie; Thomson, Kenneth J..

With the ongoing “Health Check” and the decisions needed for after 2013, the Common Agricultural Policy is likely to see another major reform and an increase in compulsory modulation. By employing a regional model, this paper compares the long-term impact of spending along the Pillar 2 Axes in NUTS3 areas on selected indicators of sustainability in several peripheral areas across Europe. The four case study areas are: Pinzgau-Pongau (a tourism-dominated alpine area in Austria), the Wetterau (an urbanised industrial area in Germany), Gorenjska (a tourism and manufacturing dominated area in Slovenia) and Caithness-Sutherland (a remote area in Scotland). The results suggest although devolution in European rural development policy has taken over the last 10...

REGIONAL IMPACT ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN POLICY SPENDING IN A RURAL REMOTE AREA (CAITHNESS & SUTHERLAND, SCOTLAND, UK)

Palavras-chave: CAP; Pillar 2; Rural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; R15; Q18; Q01.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44793

A modified version of a system dynamics model constructed for an EU-wide case-study project (TOP-MARD) using STELLA software was used to simulate the effects of a number of development scenarios for a remote rural area in Northern Scotland, i.e. Caithness & Sutherland, which is characterised by a high regional importance of agriculture for the local economy. In this paper, the context of the modelling work in policy and socio-economic terms is first described. This is followed by the specification of the model and of the several modelling scenarios, which relate to the reconfiguration of Pillar 2 spending within the area and an reversal of recent Structural Funds spending for 2007 onwards. The modelling results are discussed, in terms of regional...

Regionalwirtschaftliche Effekte veränderter Wassernutzung in Nordost-Niedersachsen

Palavras-chave: Modelling; Input-output; Systems dynamics; Rural viability; Marketing.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52645

Battermann, Henning W.; Bergmann, Holger; Theuvsen, Ludwig.

Mit der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie hat die EU einen juristischen Rahmen geschaffen, alle aquatischen Ökosysteme, zu denen auch die Grundwasserkörper gehören, zu schützen. Diese vornehmlich auf den Wasserschutz abzielende Maßnahme zieht neben klaren Vorteilen für den Wasserhaushalt und die -versorger möglicherweise auch Vor- wie Nachteile für landwirtschaftliche Betriebe wie landwirtschaftlich geprägte Regionen nach sich. Mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, welche regionalen Effekte eine verminderte Beregnung für eine der am stärksten von Trockenheit betroffenen Regionen Nordostniedersachsen besitzen würde. Mit Hilfe des Regionalmodels „POMMARD“ wurden die regionalen Effekte (a) einer Halbierung des verfügbaren Beregnungswassers sowie (b) eines...

The influence of migration processes on rural development: a case study from Scotland

Palavras-chave: Feldberegnung; Input-Output Analyse; Systemdynamiken; Regionale Wirtschaftskreisläufe; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53259

Bergmann, Holger; Thompson, Kenneth J..

In the past, much rural development planning has relied on the concept of growth poles. With the “new rural paradigm”, we find that place-specific development and bottom-up approaches have become more popular than ever. Such place-based development often envisages the use of social capital. However, insofar as social capital is a local asset that is incorporated in individuals, it can easily be destroyed but not easily rebuilt. Continued out-migration and low in-migration into rural areas can have detrimental effects on social capital, and subsequently weaken bottom-up processes in the short and medium term. This paper - based on a survey of 1412 persons in northern Scotland - suggests that intensified migratory processes destroy social capital in rural...

The capability of personal values and guanxi to reduce negative external effects of Chinese agriculture

Palavras-chave: Migration; Social capital; Rural Scotland; New rural paradigm; Trust; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R23; R58; Z13; D71.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94914

Weber, Daniela; Bergmann, Holger.

China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of agricultural products, but the intensive agriculture contributes in a remarkable manner to environmental problems. Since environmental protection has recently become a popular issue in China, the government attaches great importance to the formulation of laws and regulations. Accordingly, China faces serious challenges inter alia in the accomplishment of effective agricultural trainings, environmentally sensitive farming and especially in the farmers’ willingness to adopt optimized farming approaches. In order to promote a sustainable adaption of reduced input techniques, farmers’ behaviour and their production decisions are crucial. Based on a social-psychological approach of individual behaviour, this...

The Distribution of CAP Payments - Redistributional Injustice or Spatially Adapted policy?

Palavras-chave: China; Environmental attitudes; Farmers’ decision-making; Guānxi; Values; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109429

Bergmann, Holger; Noack, Eva Maria; Thomson, Kenneth J..

This paper analyses the distributional equality of individual Scottish Government-administered payments in 2008 under CAP Pillars One (single farm payments) and Two (rural development measures) and in total, in terms of economic, social and spatial factors. The analysis shows that 94% of all payments were paid to claimants in core rural areas (94%) while only a few (5%) claimants resided in urban areas or outside of Scotland (1%). However, in both Pillars, claims made by urban residents were often higher than those made by rural dwellers. The Ordinary Least Squares spatial analysis shows that the level of payments was extremely dependent on the geographical location and natural conditions. Spatial factors describing the economic situation in the area of...

REGIONAL ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE IN THE EMSLAND, NORTH GERMANY

Palavras-chave: Pillar One; Common Agricultural Policy; Gini-Coefficient; Rural-Urban distribution; Distributional justice; Land Economics/Use; Q15; R14; R11.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108958

The European Union’s Water Framework Directive (WFD) has “the purpose to protect and preserve water resources across the European Union to ensure future sustainable use” but is likely to add to agricultural land losses, e.g. to infrastructure, industrial estates and housing. While the environmental as well as the micro-economic benefits of the Directive - e.g. for water producers and consumers - are well established, there is a lack of knowledge as to its regional economic effects. Based on a system dynamics approach incorporating an input-output table, a regional model (POEMS) has been developed for the Emsland region in Northern Germany. POEMS has been employed to capture the economic, ecological and social effects of three WFD scenarios which reduce...

SICHTWEISEN ÄLTERER MENSCHEN AUF MEDIZINISCHE VERSORGUNG AUF DEM LAND – EINE EMPIRISCHE STUDIE AUS DEUTSCHLAND

Palavras-chave: Water Framework Directive; System Dynamics; Regional Economic Modelling; Emsland; Demographics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51637

Noack, Eva Maria; Bergmann, Holger.

With demographic change, many rural regions in Germany face the challenge to ensure an appropriate provision of basic services, also for the increasing share of immobile population groups. Among others, the growing number of old and very old people will increase the demand for medical care. Although, on the whole health care in Germany is very good, in some rural areas its provision tends to be difficult. This paper presents findings of an empirical study on older people’s mobility options, obstacles that constrain the access to health care and related needs. In-depth interviews were conducted with elderly men and women living in Holzminden, a district in Lower Saxony already massively affected by demographic ageing and shrinking. The analysis reveals high...

FARMERS’ SURVIVAL STRATEGIES IN THE NORTH OF SCOTLAND

Palavras-chave: Rural health care; Demographic change; Accessibility; Medical care; Ländliche Gesundheitsversorgung; Demographischer Wandel; Erreichbarkeit; Medizinische Versorgung; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114515

Small and medium-sized farms all over Europe guarantee their survival by a broad range of strategies and different income sources. In remoter areas of highly developed countries such as the UK, such strategies may be expected to have their own characteristics, both legislative and socio-economic. This paper reports results from a socio-economic survey carried out among 40 Scottish agricultural households in the Caithness and Sutherland region of the North of Scotland, focussing specifically on the diversification strategies of (larger) farms and (smaller) crofts related to the multifunctionality of agriculture. After analysing the land, labour and capital use of farm/croft households in the region, the paper analyses why farms/crofts in this remote area...

REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS ON A LOCAL SCALE BEYOND 2013 – THE CASE OF CAITHNESS AND SUTHERLAND (SCOTLAND, UK)

Palavras-chave: Farm households; Scottish Highlands; Income sources; Diversification; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Q12; Q15; R20; R10.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52832

With the latest reform of EU Structural Policy, the Highlands and Islands have been excluded from further support by Structural Funds beyond 2013, but the new Scottish Rural Development Programme has increased CAP Pillar 2 expenditures in Scotland. A modified version of a system dynamics model constructed for an EU-wide case-study project (TOP-MARD) was used to simulate the effects of these and other policy changes in Caithness and Sutherland (C&S), a remote rural area in Northern Scotland. Several alternative modelling scenarios were developed, mostly relating to reconfigurations of Pillar 2 spending within the area. The modelling results, i.e. projections from 2001 to 2021, are discussed in terms of agricultural employment, regional population, and...

The relation between water use and pesticides – Some remarks on the influence of integrated farming practices

Palavras-chave: Rural development; CAP reform; Scotland; Pillar 2; Regional modelling; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q01; Q18; R23; R50.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50935

Noack, Eva Maria; Bergmann, Holger.

Agriculture is the main user of the world’s water resources. Due to increasing concern on water quality and quantity, there is a growing interest to use the scarce water resources in the most efficient way to feed the growing world population. By employing a meta-analysis, this paper shows that pesticide use in combination with other improved production technologies have tripled agricultural water use efficiency (WUE) in the last 30 years. Recently, the European Union banned several active substances, among these more than 20 pesticides formerly used in crop growing. By doing so the progress in WUE has been put into question. This paper argues that a sudden reduction of pesticides by 50 % would lead to a need for more than 55 million hectares of additional...