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| Registros recuperados: 12 | |
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| Blaylock, James R.; Smallwood, David M.. |
| This paper introduces a new method for defining poverty lines based on an individual' s self-evaluation of the household's present situation. The proposed method focuses on the minimum household income necessary to purchase food supplies evaluated by society to be barely adequate. The method is especially useful for evaluation and comparing poverty thresholds derived from different methods. It is also valuable for comparing the official U.S. poverty guidelines across households of different sizes. The approach can be extended to include estimation of thresholds differentiated by various household characteristics and comparison of thresholds across these characteristics. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32536 |
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| Variyam, Jayachandran N.; Blaylock, James R.; Smallwood, David M.; Basiotis, P. Peter. |
| A comprehensive model is developed to measure the extent that nutrition knowledge and diet-health awareness, among other factors, influence an individual's Healthy Eating Index (HEI), USDA's measure of overall diet quality. This is the first study that rigorously attempts to examine variation in the index across population groups by controlling for personal and household characteristics and nutrition information levels, as well as test for the endogeneity of nutrition information. Results indicate that one's level of nutrition information has an important influence on one's HEI and that nutrition information and the HEI are simultaneously determined. Other factors explaining variations in HEI's across individuals are income and education levels, race,... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Diet quality; Healthy Eating Index; Nutrient demand; Nutrition knowledge; Health inputs; Health production; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33588 |
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| Smallwood, David M.; Blaylock, James R.. |
| A two equation model is developed to examine jointly the determinants of household food stamp program participation and program effects on food expenditures. The model is unique in that it postulates that the participation decision is based on a cost-benefit ratio, selected socioeconomic characteristics, and the potential for increasing both food and nonfood expenditures. Data from the 1977-78 USDA Nationwide Food Consumption Survey Supplemental Low Income Sample is used to estimate the model. Findings suggest that households, in making the participation decision place equal value on the potential for increasing their food and nonfood expenditures. However, at the margin, bonus stamp income is found to have more than twice the impact of money income on... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32513 |
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| Blaylock, James R.. |
| This article examines the effects of different income and food spending adult equivalence scales on estimated expenditure elasticities, on the demographic characteristics of the rich and poor, and on the percentage of household income spent on food by various income quintiles. Empirical results are found to be heavily influenced by the choice of equivalence scales. For example, elasticities varied by over 300%, and the demographic characteristics of the poor varied greatly. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32623 |
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| Oliveira, Victor; Blaylock, James R.. |
| Each year, the United States Department of Agriculture estimates the number of people eligible to participate in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), the number who will likely participate, and the expected cost of food. These estimates are used in developing budget requests for WIC, which is funded by appropriations law on an annual basis. If the number of people eligible and likely to participate in WIC is underestimated, the result is a shortage of funds available to fully serve them. If the number of WIC eligibles and participants is overestimated, an inefficient allocation of funds across programs occurs. Estimation of eligibility and participation is a complex process, due to data limitations, varying... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33881 |
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| Blaylock, James R.; Smallwood, David M.. |
| This paper analyzes the influence of error-term specification and functional form on a quarterly demand model for beef. The Box-Cox transformation is used to generalize the functional form while the equation error term is postulated to be both heteroskedastic and autoregressive. Results indicated that both functional form and error-term specification can play a major role in elasticity estimation, elasticity behavior, and hypothesis testing. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1983 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32488 |
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| Blaylock, James R.; Salathe, Larry E.; Green, Richard D.. |
| The Box-Cox transformation (BCT) has been frequently used as both a flexible functional form and as a decision device to distinguish among alternative model specifications. Most researchers have failed to recognize that the BCT when applied to the dependent variable can compensate for heteroskedasticity. This paper investigates a new procedure which estimates both the BCT parameters and the analytic form of heteroskedasticity. Results from the new procedure are compared to estimates obtained from the traditional method of estimating BCT models. Comparisons indicate that proper specification of the error variance can influence the magnitude of BCT parameters and alter the results of hypothesis testing. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. |
| Ano: 1980 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32394 |
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| Variyam, Jayachandran N.; Blaylock, James R.; Smallwood, David M.. |
| Nutrient information and dietary data for a sample of U.S. household meal planners are used to estimate the direct and indirect effects of various dietary determinants on cholesterol intake. Holding sociodemographic and household characteristics constant, greater nutrition information translates to significantly lower intake of dietary cholesterol. Evidence supports the hypothesis that schooling promotes better health behavior through greater acquisition and use of health information. Blacks and Hispanics stand to benefit from nutrition education programs to increase their awareness of diet-health relationship. A low-calorie diet decreases the intake of cholesterol more than a low-fat diet. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31168 |
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| Blaylock, James R.; Smallwood, David M.. |
| This paper analyzed, via a multinomial logit model, the associations between household socioeconomic characteristics and the reasons eligible households give for not entering the Food Stamp Program. Data were taken from the 1979-80 Low Income Supplemental Sample of the USDA Nationwide Food Consumption Survey. Statistical analysis revealed that households either residing in suburban areas, with employed members, or whose head is a high school graduate cited a lack of information about the program as the reason for nonparticipation more frequently than their counterparts without one of these characteristics. An examination of alternative household profiles indicates that government efforts to disseminate information about the Food Stamp Program have been... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32372 |
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| Registros recuperados: 12 | |
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