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| Wei, Jiangong; Pape, Thomas; Sultan, Nabil; Colliat, Jean-louis; Himmler, Tobias; Ruffine, Livio; De Prunele, Alexis; Dennielou, Bernard; Garziglia, Sebastien; Marsset, Tania; Peters, Carl A.; Rabiu, Abdulkarim; Bohrmann, Gerhard. |
| A joint research expedition between the French IFREMER and the German MARUM was conducted in 2011 using the R/V Pourquoi pas? to study gas hydrate distributions in a pockmark field (1141 – 1199 meters below sea surface) at the continental margin of Nigeria. The sea floor drill rig MeBo of MARUM was used to recover sediments as deep as 56.74 meters below seafloor. The presence of gas hydrates in specific core sections was deduced from temperature anomalies recorded during continuous records of infrared thermal scanning and anomalies in pore water chloride concentrations. In situ sediment temperature measurements showed elevated geothermal gradients of up to 258 °C/km in the center of the so-called pockmark A which is up to 4.6 times higher than that in the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Gas hydrate; Pockmark; Chloride profile; Infrared thermal imaging; Fluid flow; Nigerian continental margin; MeBo drill rig. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00213/32382/30846.pdf |
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| Gutscher, Marc-andre; Kopp, Heidrun; Krastel, Sebastian; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Garlan, Thierry; Zaragosi, Sebastien; Klaucke, Ingo; Wintersteller, Paul; Loubrieu, Benoit; Le Faou, Yann; San Pedro, Laurine; Dominguez, Stephane; Rovere, Marzia; De Lepinay, Bernard Mercier; Ranero, Cesar; Sallares, Valenti. |
| The detailed morphology and internal structure of the Calabrian accretionary wedge and adjacent Eastern Sicily margin are imaged in unprecedented detail by a combined dataset of multi-beam bathymetry and high-resolution seismic profiles. The bathymetric data represent the results of 6 recent marine geophysical surveys since 2010 as well as a compilation of earlier surveys presented as a 2 arc-sec (60 m) grid. Several distinct morpho-tectonic provinces are identified including: the deeply incised Malta–Hyblean Escarpment, numerous submarine canyons, broad regions of relatively flat seafloor dominated by fields of sediment waves, the gently undulating anticlinal fold-and-thrust belts of the external Calabrian accretionary wedge and the adjacent portion of... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Subduction; Active faults; Eurasia-Africa plate boundary; Bathymetry; Seismic profiles; Accretionary wedge. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00366/47685/47853.pdf |
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| Pape, Thomas; Ruffine, Livio; Hong, Wei‐li; Sultan, Nabil; Riboulot, Vincent; Peters, Carl A.; Kölling, Martin; Zabel, Matthias; Garziglia, Sebastien; Bohrmann, Gerhard. |
| The evolution of submarine pockmarks is often related to the ascent of fluid from the subsurface. For pockmarks located within the gas hydrate stability zone, methane oversaturation can result in the formation of gas hydrates in the sediment. A ca. 600 m‐wide sea floor depression in deep‐waters offshore Nigeria, Pockmark A, was investigated for distributions and quantities of shallow gas hydrates, origins of hydrocarbons and time elapsed since the last major fluid ascent event. For the first time, pressure coring of shallow sediments and drilling of more than 50‐m‐long cores with the sea floor drill rig MARUM‐MeBo70 were conducted in this pockmark. Unusually high hydrate saturations of up to 51% of pore volume in the uppermost 2.5 meters of sediment in the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Pockmark; Gas hydrate; Methane; MeBo; Pressure coring; Pore water modeling. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75491/76344.pdf |
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| Himmler, Tobias; Birgel, Daniel; Bayon, Germain; Pape, Thomas; Ge, Lu; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Peckmann, Joern. |
| Authigenic carbonate deposits have been sampled with the remotely operated vehicle ‘MARUM-QUEST 4000 m’ from five methane seeps between 731 and 1823 m water depth along the convergent Makran continental margin, offshore Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea). Two seeps on the upper slope are located within the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ; ca. 100 to 1100 m water depth), the other sites are situated in oxygenated water below the OMZ (below 1100 m water depth). The carbonate deposits vary with regard to their spatial extent, sedimentary fabrics, and associated seep fauna: Within the OMZ, carbonates are spatially restricted and associated with microbial mats, whereas in the oxygenated zone below the OMZ extensive carbonate crusts are exposed on the seafloor with... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic oxidation of methane Authigenic carbonates Cold-seep carbonates; Makran subduction zone Oxygen minimum zone Methane Lipid biomarkers. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00280/39120/37673.pdf |
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| De Prunele, Alexis; Ruffine, Livio; Riboulot, Vincent; Peters, Carl A.; Croguennec, Claire; Guyader, Vivien; Pape, Thomas; Bollinger, Claire; Bayon, Germain; Caprais, Jean-claude; Germain, Yoan; Donval, Jean-pierre; Marsset, Tania; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Geli, Louis; Rabiu, Abdulkarim; Lescanne, Marc; Cauquil, Eric; Sultan, Nabil. |
| The Niger Delta is one of the largest hydrocarbon basin offshore Africa and it is well known for the presence of active pockmarks on the seabed. During the Guineco-MeBo cruise in 2011, long cores were taken from a pockmark cluster in order to investigate the state of its current activity. Gas hydrates, oil and pore-water were sampled for geochemical studies. The resulting dataset combined with seismic data reveal that shallow hydrocarbon migration in the upper sedimentary section was focused exclusively within the pockmarks. There is a clear tendency for gas migration within the hydrate-bearing pockmarks, and oil migration within the carbonate-rich one. This trend is interpreted as a consequence of hydrate dissolution followed by carbonate precipitation... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic oxidation of methane; Cluster of pockmarks; Fluid flow; Gas hydrates; Pore-water profiles; Transient state. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00365/47647/47676.pdf |
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| Marcon, Yann; Sahling, Heiko; Allais, Anne-gaelle; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Olu, Karine. |
| The Regab pockmark is a large cold seep area located 10 km north of the Congo deep sea channel at about 3160 m water depth. The associated ecosystem hosts abundant fauna, dominated by chemosynthetic species such as the mussel Bathymodiolus aff. boomerang, vestimentiferan tubeworm Escarpia southwardae, and vesicomyid clams Laubiericoncha chuni and Christineconcha regab. The pockmark was visited during the West African Cold Seeps (WACS) cruise with RV Pourquoi Pas? in February 2011, and a 14,000-m2 high-resolution videomosaic was constructed to map the most populated area and to describe the distribution of the dominant megafauna (mussels, tubeworms and clams). The results are compared with previous published works, which also included a videomosaic in the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Cold seep; Fauna; Mosaic; Pockmark; Regab; Temporal variation. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25528/23765.pdf |
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| Himmler, Tobias; Bayon, Germain; Wangner, David; Enzmann, Frieder; Peckmann, Joern; Bohrmann, Gerhard. |
| Authigenic carbonate build-ups develop at seafloor methane-seeps, where microbially mediated sulphate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane facilitates carbonate precipitation. Despite being valuable recorders of past methane seepage events, their role as archives of atmospheric processes has not been examined. Here we show that cyclic sedimentation pulses related to the Indian monsoon in concert with authigenic precipitation of methane-derived aragonite gave rise to a well-laminated carbonate build-up within the oxygen minimum zone off Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea). U–Th dating indicates that the build-up grew during past ~1,130 years, creating an exceptional high-resolution archive of the Indian monsoon system. Monsoon-controlled formation of... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00358/46965/46880.pdf |
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| Marcon, Yann; Ondreas, Helene; Sahling, Heiko; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Olu, Karine. |
| Pockmarks are seafloor depressions commonly associated with fluid escape from the seabed and are believed to contribute noticeably to the transfer of methane into the ocean and ultimately into the atmosphere. They occur in many different areas and geological contexts, and vary greatly in size and shape. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of pockmark growth are still largely unclear. Still, seabed methane emissions contribute to the global carbon budget, and understanding such processes is critical to constrain future quantifications of seabed methane release at local and global scales. The giant Regab pockmark (9 degrees 42.6' E, 5 degrees 47.8' S), located at 3160 m water depth near the Congo deep-sea channel (offshore southwestern Africa), was investigated... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00186/29731/28293.pdf |
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