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Fluid emissions at the Aquitaine Shelf (Bay of Biscay, France): A biogenic origin or the expression of hydrocarbon leakage? ArchiMer
Dupre, Stephanie; Berger, Laurent; Le Bouffant, Naig; Scalabrin, Carla; Bourillet, Jean-francois.
Fishery acoustic surveys conducted in the Bay of Biscay and dedicated to monitoring and predicting pelagic ecosystem evolution reveal numerous active seeps on the Aquitaine Shelf, east of the shelf break, at water depths ranging from 140 to 185 m. Some acoustic anomalies recorded in the water column with hull-mounted single and multibeam echosounders are clearly caused by fluid escape at the seabed, most likely gases. These fluid emissions are associated at the seafloor with high backscatter subcircular small-scale mounds, on average less than 2 m high and a few metres in diameter. Based on near-bottom video and acoustic surveys, these mounds are interpreted to be by-products of gas seepage, possibly methane-derived authigenic carbonates. The spatial...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bay of Biscay; Aquitaine Shelf; Parentis Basin; Fluid; Seepage; Acoustics.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00201/31192/29888.pdf
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First observations of deep-sea coral reefs along the Angola margin ArchiMer
Le Guilloux, E.; Olu, Karine; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Savoye, Bruno; Iglesias, S. P.; Sibuet, Myriam.
The West African continental slope is an important theatre for geological survey prospecting and drilling for hydrocarbons but little is known about local deep-sea biological communities at these depths. While shallow-water reefs are common and well-known features in the tropics, only few records of deep-water corals exist at low latitudes, and most of them have been reported by historical oceanographic cruises undertaking circum-navigations of the world. This study, based on a multi-disciplinary approach, presents a description of newly discovered deep-water coral reef communities along the Angola margin. Data from ROV, multibeam bathymetry, side-scan sonar and seismics from a deep-towed acoustic system (SAR) were used to describe the morphology of the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Lucinids; Habitat mapping; ROV; Lophelia pertusa; Deep sea corals; Angola margin.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7403.pdf
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Geomorphological classification in Bay of Biscay. Morpho-sedimentary mapping of the seabed in selected areas ArchiMer
De Chambure, Laurent; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Bartel, Claire.
Les coraux d’eau froide, contrairement aux coraux tropicaux, n’ont pas besoin de lumière et peuvent se développer en profondeur. Les espèces constructrices comme Lophelia pertusa et Madrepora occulata ont une distribution mondiale et sont présentes de la Norvège à la Grèce sous forme de monts carbonatés ou de récifs. Menacés par l’évolution des conditions environnementales et les actions anthropiques, les coraux d’eau froide sont actuellement classés comme écosystème vulnérable par plusieurs institutions internationales. Dans les eaux européennes, les indicateurs pour mesurer l’impact des pêcheries et l’efficacité des mesures de protection manquent encore. Le projet européen CoralFish vise à étudier l’interaction entre les coraux, les poissons et les...
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Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00249/36033/34570.pdf
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External controls on turbidite sedimentation on the glacially-influenced Armorican margin (Bay of Biscay, western European margin) ArchiMer
Toucanne, Samuel; Zaragosi, Sebastien; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Dennielou, Bernard; Jorry, Stephan; Jouet, Gwenael; Cremer, Michel.
Sequence stratigraphic models predict increased sediment delivery to deep-water areas during sea-level lowstand. The Armorican margin (Bay of Biscay, western European margin) is an interesting area to test this hypothesis because the margin has a wide continental shelf, still partly flooded during sea-level lowstand, and the Armorican turbidite system has experienced fluctuating sediment fluxes since the last glacial period. The stratigraphic response of the Armorican turbidite system to sea-level oscillations and climate changes was assessed for the last 35,000 years through the study of the Guilcher, Crozon and Audierne levees. Millenial-timescale resolution chronostratigraphy allowed us to reconstruct the sediment accumulation and turbidite frequency,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Armorican margin; Bay of Biscay; Turbidite systems; Turbidity currents; Levee growth; External forcing; Deglaciation; Source-to-sink.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00070/18147/15708.pdf
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Understanding continent-ocean sediment transfer ArchiMer
Mulder, Thierry; Cirac, Pierre; Gaudin, Mathieu; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Trainer, J.; Normand, Alain; Weber, O.; Griboulard, R.; Jouanneau, Jean-marie; Anschutz, Pierre; Jorissen, Frans.
Submarine canyons are narrow but deep submarine valleys that extend for hundreds of meters. They represent the most impressive structures that shape the present morphology of passive continental margins. They can occur off the mouth of rivers: the Tagus, Zaire, Amazon, and Orinoco in the Atlantic; the Indus in the Indian Ocean; and the Var, Rhone, and Ebro in the Mediterranean. Some are at times disconnected from any stream mouth such as the Nazare canyon, off Portugal, despite the fact that it is close to the coast. Some were connected to a river mouth during lowstands of sea level, such as the Wilmington canyon in the northwest Atlantic, or the Blackmud canyon in the northeast Atlantic.
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Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18201/15769.pdf
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L'énigmatique Fosse Centrale de la Manche : une approche de sa morphologie et de son remplissage par géophysique haute résolution ArchiMer
Lericolais, Gilles; Auffret, J.p.; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Berne, Serge; Guennoc, Pol; Le Drezen, Eliane; Normand, Alain; Guillocheau, Francois.
New high resolution geophysical results from EM1000 swath-bathymetry system and Very High Resolution reflection seismic data are presented. A Neogene tectonical origin of the Hurd Deep and the interplay of erosion, sedimentation during the last glacial, inter-glacial periods are here argued by interpretation of these results in term of geomorphology and sequence stratigraphy.
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Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18205/15772.pdf
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Stabilité des pentes sous-marines dans la Baie des Anges, Nice, France. Approche géotechnique. ArchiMer
Mulder, Th.; Tisot, J.-p.; Cochonat, Pierre; Bourillet, Jean-francois.
The Baie des Anges shows some particularities. Consequently, it is a model site for the offshore instabilities study. The application of the infinite slope analysis including the seismicity, allows to prove the potential instability of the area. Two kinds of slides are possibles : firstly, local readjustments of the slope, involving the top-continental plate underconsolidated sediments ; secondly, huge ridge-side instabilities. Their volume allows the transformation of the slides into some turbidity currents.
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Ano: 1993 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00479/59103/61741.pdf
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Behaviour Of A Piston Corer From Accelerometers And New Insights On Quality Of The Recovery ArchiMer
Bourillet, Jean-francois; Damy, Gilbert; Dussud, Loic; Sultan, Nabil; Woerther, Patrice; Migeon, Sebastien.
Various observations pointed out that cores performed with gravity piston corer show signifi cant distortions mainly located at the top of the core. A series of 15 cores were performed at the same location on a submarine sand wave (Var canyon, France). Six different settings of the corer – three freefall heights and three slacks of the piston cable – were tested, including duplicates. Two accelerometers recorded simultaneously the movements of the core tube and the movements of the triggering arm. Then the z displacements were obtained by a double integration versus time of the measured acceleration. The analyses of results allowed the authors to estimate the amplitude and the duration of the elastic recoil of the aramid cable, andto distinguish four steps...
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Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18198/15766.pdf
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Marine litter in submarine canyons of the Bay of Biscay ArchiMer
Van Den Beld, Inge; Guillaumont, Brigitte; Menot, Lenaick; Bayle, Christophe; Arnaud-haond, Sophie; Bourillet, Jean-francois.
Marine litter is a matter of increasing concern worldwide, from shallow seas to the open ocean and from beaches to the deep-seafloor. Indeed, the deep sea may be the ultimate repository of a large proportion of litter in the ocean. We used footage acquired with a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) and a towed camera to investigate the distribution and composition of litter in the submarine canyons of the Bay of Biscay. This bay contains many submarine canyons housing Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) such as scleractinian coral habitats. VMEs are considered to be important for fish and they increase the local biodiversity. The objectives of the study were to investigate and discuss: i) litter density, ii) the principal sources of litter, iii) the influence...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Litter; Anthropogenic impact; Canyons; Deep Sea; Bay of Biscay; ROV; Towed camera.
Ano: 2017 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00332/44363/43968.pdf
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Integrating Prior Knowledge and Locally Varying Parameters with Moving-GeoStatistics: Methodology and Application to Bathymetric Mapping ArchiMer
Magneron, Cedric; Jeannee, Nicolas; Le Moine, Olivier; Bourillet, Jean-francois.
The paper aims at presenting an innovative methodology, called M-GS (M-GeoStatistics), which is fully dedicated to the local optimization of parameters involved in variogram-based models. M-GS considers the structural and computational parameters as a set of dependant parameters to be spatially optimized. The optimization process, which may be guided by objective or subjective criteria, is carried out during a M-structural analysis phase that leads to a set of spatially variable structural and computational parameters. The methodology is applied for bathymetry mapping. The availability of accurate seafloor estimates is essential for numerous oceanographic projects, including hydrographic, oceanographic and biological models, sedimentary processes, etc....
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Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18200/15768.pdf
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Sedimentary sequences in the Gulf of Lion: A record of 100,000 years climatic cycles ArchiMer
Rabineau, Marina; Berne, Serge; Aslanian, Daniel; Olivet, Jean-louis; Joseph, Philippe; Guillocheau, François; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Le Drezen, Eliane; Granjeon, Didier.
The wide continental shelf of the Gulf of Lion (up to 70 km) has been the object of numerous investigations since the early days of oceanography. Yet, the question of sequences duration, the mechanisms of deposition and factors implied remained unanswered. A study of a very dense grid of Very High Resolution (VHR) seismic reflection (Sparker) data associated with surficial cores both, collected by IFREMER between 1992 and 2001 on the outer shelf and upper slope offshore of Sète in the Languedoc region gives a new insight into these issues. Analysis of the 3D geometry of the sedimentary record reveals a basic depositional pattern consisting of a pair of horizontally juxtaposed and downlapping prisms. Prism PI with low angle clinoforms (<1°) lies on the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Stratigraphic modelling; Cores; High resolution seismic data; Glacioeustatism; Climatic cycles; Gulf of Lion; Western Mediterranean.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-368.pdf
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ROV study of a giant pockmark on the Gabon continental margin ArchiMer
Ondreas, Helene; Olu, Karine; Fouquet, Yves; Charlou, Jean-luc; Gay, Aurelien; Dennielou, Bernard; Donval, Jean-pierre; Fifis, Alexis; Nadalig, Thierry; Cochonat, Pierre; Cauquil, E; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Le Moigne, Morgan; Sibuet, Myriam.
A giant, 800-m wide pockmark, called Regab, was discovered along the Equatorial African margin at 3160-m water depth and was explored by remote operated vehicle (ROV) as part of the Zaiango (1998-2000) and Biozaire (2001-2003) projects carried out conjointly by TOTAL and a number of French research institutes. A microbathymetric map obtained using the ROV sensors shows that the pockmark actually consists of a cluster of smaller pockmarks aligned N70 along a 15-m deep depression. Methane was recorded all over the pockmark, the highest values along the axis of the depression where massive carbonate crusts and dense seep communities were also found. Several faunal species belong to the Vesicomyidae and Mytilidae bivalve families, as well as to Siboglinidae...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Gabon; Microbathymetric map; ROV; Exploration; Pockmark; Equatorial African margin.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1239.pdf
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MD141 – ALIÉNOR. Rapport scientifique à bord du Marion Dufresne II ArchiMer
Turon, Jean-louis; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Delpeint, Arnaud; Simplet, Laure.
ALIENOR (A LIsbon-El Ferréol cruise. A support for North Oriental Atlantic Research) est l’intégration, dans une même campagne, de 4 projets situés sur la route du navire entre Lisbonne et Cardiff (leg 1) puis entre Cardiff et El Ferreol (leg 2). o PRIMAROSA (Paleoclimatic Research from Mediterranean Atlantic Record. Overflow Sedimentary Activity) projet de l’université de Bordeaux proposé par Jean-Louis TURON dont la première partie a été réalisée lors de la mission PRIVILEGE entre Malte et Lisbonne (Mai-Juin 2004). o SEQUOIA (Sequencing Ocean-Ice Interaction) financé par le NERC (Nature Environnement Research Council) et proposé par Ian HALL, principal investigateur. o ORSANE Oceanographic Record in the Sunart loch (Atlantic North East) présenté par...
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Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00257/36809/35445.pdf
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Cenozoic tectonics of the Western Approaches Channel basins and its control of local drainage systems ArchiMer
Le Roy, Pascal; Gracia-garay, Claire; Guennoc, Pol; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Reynaud, Jean-yves; Thinon, Isabelle; Kervevan, Patrick; Paquet, Fabien; Menier, David; Bulois, Cedric.
The geology of the Channel Western Approaches is a key to understand the post-rift evolution of the NW European continental margin in relation with the Europe/Africa collision. Despite considerable evidence of Tertiary tectonic inversion throughout the Channel basin, the structures and amplitudes of the tectonic movements remain poorly documented across the French sector of the Western Approaches. The effect of the tectonic inversion for the evolution of the "Channel River", the major system that flowed into the English Channel during the Plio-Quaternary eustatic lowstands, also needs to be clarified. Its drainage basin was larger than the present-day English Channel and constituted the source of terrigenous fluxes of the Armorican and Celtic deep sea...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: English Channel; Western Approaches basins; Cenozoic; Palaeovalley; Seismic stratigraphy; Tectonic inversion.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00056/16706/15776.pdf
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Timing of massive ‘Fleuve Manche’ discharges over the last 350 kyr: insights into the European ice-sheet oscillations and the European drainage network from MIS 10 to 2 ArchiMer
Toucanne, Samuel; Zaragosi, S.; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Cremer, M.; Eynaud, Frederique; Van Vliet-lanoe, B.; Penaud, A.; Fontanier, C.; Turon, J. L.; Cortijo, E.; Gibbard, P. L..
Continuous high-resolution mass accumulation rates (MAR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements from marine sediment records in the Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic) have allowed the determination of the timing and the amplitude of the ‘Fleuve Manche’ (Channel River) discharges during glacial stages MIS 10, MIS 8, MIS 6 and MIS 4–2. These results have yielded detailed insight into the Middle and Late Pleistocene glaciations in Europe and the drainage network of the western and central European rivers over the last 350 kyr. This study provides clear evidence that the ‘Fleuve Manche’ connected the southern North Sea basin with the Bay of Biscay during each glacial period and reveals that ‘Fleuve Manche’ activity during the glaciations MIS 10 and MIS 8 was...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Northern north sea; Late weichselian glaciation; Western iberian margin; Abrupt climate change; C 14 YR BP; Deep sea; Heinrich events; Norwegian margin; Millennial scale; English channel.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00011/12261/9037.pdf
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Dynamics of gas hydrate: case of the Congo continental slope ArchiMer
Sultan, Nabil; Foucher, Jean-paul; Cochonat, Pierre; Tonnerre, T; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Ondreas, Helene; Cauquil, E; Grauls, D.
A numerical model is developed to study the temperature effect on stability and phase transformation of gas-hydrate. The model uses a mathematical formulation based on the enthalpy form of the conservation law of energy. The use of the enthalpy form instead of the temperature form as often done in the literature has made the problem numerically simpler. The model is then applied to describe the effect of sea bottom temperature variations on the stability of gas hydrate occurrences and on the seafloor reflectivity in sediments of the Congo continental slope. Indeed, a migrating seafloor reflectivity front is observed on 3D seimic images from two surveys performed 6 months apart and interpreted as a migrating gas hydrate stability zone. Seawater temperature...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Temperature; Stefan problem; Seafloor reflectivity; Gas hydrate; Heat flow; Finite difference; Continental margins.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-702.pdf
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What forced the collapse of European ice sheets during the last two glacial periods (150 ka BP and 18 ka cal BP)? Palynological evidence ArchiMer
Penaud, A.; Eynaud, F.; Turon, J. L.; Zaragosi, S.; Malaize, B.; Toucanne, Samuel; Bourillet, Jean-francois.
We present a new marine palynological record from the temperate North-eastern Atlantic (core MD03-2692, Celtic-Armorican margin) in the area of influence of the 'Fleuve Manche' paleoriver during glacial times. The runoff of this paleoriver was connected to the glacial history of European ice sheets (including the British Irish Ice Sheet-BIIS). Our study conducted on dinoflagellate cysts assemblages over the last 200 ka, associated with quantification of palynological remains reflecting continental influence (pre-Quaternary dinocysts and micro-algae Pediastrum spp. coenobia), yields detailed insights into the sea-surface paleoenvironments of this sector. More specifically, mechanisms responsible for the origin of unusual deposits of laminated sequences...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Dinoflagellate cysts; European ice sheets; Celtic Armorican margin; MIS 2 and MIS 6; Terminations I and II.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/11116/8061.pdf
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Evaluation of the risk of marine slope instability: A pseudo-3D approach for application to large areas ArchiMer
Sultan, Nabil; Cochonat, Pierre; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Cayocca, Florence.
This article presents a methodology developed to evaluate the instability of submarine slopes that extend over a large area. Special attention was paid to (1) the complex geometry (bathymetry) and the expanse of the slope, (2) the heterogeneity of the sediment, and (3) the distribution of the pore pressure. The safety factor was considered as a spatially varying quantity. The General Formulation (GLE, Fredlund and Krahn 1977), which fully satisfies equilibrium conditions, was used for evaluating the stability of the marine slope. The submarine slope failure, which occurred on 16 October 1979 during the construction of the new Nice airport, was studied in order to test the developed model. Geotechnical parameters were taken from experimental tests carried...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Shear strength; Slope stability; Safety factor; Marine sediment; Finite element; Finite difference; Failure.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-698.pdf
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Stratigraphy and sedimentary environments during the Late Quaternary, in the Eastern Bohai Sea (North China Platform) ArchiMer
Marsset, Tania; Xia, D; Berne, Serge; Liu, Z; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Wang, K.
The Bohai Sea is a shallow sea at the east coast of China. It communicates with the Yellow Sea through a narrow strait. During and since the Late Pleistocene, the Bohai Sea has been a filled subsiding basin submitted to successive regressive-transgressive cycles. In the East Bohai Sea, a number of finger-shaped ridges are present near the strait, where tidal currents are dominant. Very-high resolution seismic reflection data have been interpreted relative to sedimentological data provided by a formerly drilled borehole. Seven seismic units are identified and correlated with the following events: units U7-U6 with the Bohai relative sea level rise (65,000–53,000 yr B.P.) and a relative sea level fall (53,000–39,000 yr B.P.); unit U5 with the Xianxian...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Eastern Bohai Sea; Late Pleistocene; Stratigraphy; Relative sea level variations; Tidal ridges; Very-high resolution seismic.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00061/17193/14695.pdf
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Premières observations sur la morphologie et les processus sédimentaires récents de l'Éventail celtique ArchiMer
Auffret, Gérard-andré; Zaragosi, S; Voisset, Michel; Droz, Laurence; Loubrieu, Benoit; Pelleau, Pascal; Savoye, R; Bourillet, Jean-francois; Baltzer, Agness; Bourquin, S; Dennielou, Bernard; Coutelle, Alain; Weber, N; Floch, Gilbert.
During the SEDIFAN 1 cruise we surveyed the bathymetry and the acoustic properties of the surface sediment of the Celtic Deep Sea Fan. We also collected Kullenberg cores in order to study recent sedimentary processes. From the bathymetry survey it is relatively easy to recognize the main areas of modern fan. The upper fan included a large sedimentary ridge which constitutes the right levee of the prominent meandering Whittard valley. After its confluence with the Shamrock valley the course of the Whittard valley is abruptly deflected to the south. At a short distance to the south the valley divides into two upper-fan channels, the Celtic channel to the west being the deeper one. This point constitutes the centre of a radiating pattern which is developed on...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Paléoclimat; Turbidité; Sédiment; Quaternaire; Eventail profond; Palaeoclimate; Turbidity; Sediment; Quaternary; Deep sea fan.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-525.pdf
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