SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Dufhues, Thomas; Beuchelt, Tina; Fischer, Isabel; Fritzsch, Jana; Wolz, Axel; Reinsberg, Klaus; Kasarjyan, Milada; Korff, Rudiger.

Although interest in the structure and relational features of social capital and its underlying networks has grown since the early 1990s, the terms do not embody any ideas that are really new to sociologists, but are indeed rather new to economists. Until the 1950s, land, labour, and financial capital (i.e., levels of investment) were seen as being relevant for economic growth. Then technology (physical capital) was added to the list. In the early 1960s, convincing empirical evidence showed that labour without know-how and entrepreneurial skills (human capital) limit the potential of the other production factors. Today, labour and skills are usually simultaneously addressed when talking of human capital. In development economics, and more recently in...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93010

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSING STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN AGRICULTURE AND RURAL LIVELIHOODS

Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Mollers, Judith; Happe, Kathrin; Davidova, Sophia; Fredriksson, Lena; Bailey, Alastair; Kancs, d'Artis; Swinnen, Johan F.M.; Vranken, Liesbet; Hubbard, Carmen; Ward, Neil; Juvancic, Luka; Milczarek, Dominika; Plamen, Mishev.

The Deliverable 2.1 (D2.1) of the SCARLED project provides the conceptual framework for analysing structural change in agriculture and rural livelihoods in the NMS and established Member States of the EU. It concisely summarizes the underlying theories and concepts of the pertinent research issues in SCARLED. SCARLED addresses a topic of wide interest with regard to the identification of past and future key social and agricultural restructuring processes for a living countryside in the NMS. Methodologically, the topic is approached by comparative, structured multi-country farm surveys complemented by an analysis of structural changes in the farm sectors of two selected regions with the agent-based simulation model AgriPoliS, taking special account of...

SOCIAL CAPITAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: LITERATURE REVIEW AND CURRENT STATE OF THE ART

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91737

Dufhues, Thomas; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Fischer, Isabel.

Social capital has been recently held up as a conceptual framework to build a bridge between the diverse disciplines involved in rural development. However, despite its potential and the impressively rapid take-up of the concept by the community of development professionals, it remains an elusive construct. No definition is yet generally accepted and many definitions are in use. Recently, social capital in the form of social networks has gained much attention in rural development theory and empirical research. But social networks or structural components of social capital are a largely missing dimension in income and poverty analysis. Moreover, most research on social capital assumes that it is a uniform entity. Therefore, the effects of different forms of...

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE 4TH YOUNG SCIENTISTS WORKSHOP ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE YSW-2006

Palavras-chave: Sozialkapital; Individuelles Sozialkapital; Sozialkapitalmessung; Ego-zentriertes Netzwerk; Soziale Netzwerke; Social capital; Individual social capital; Measuring social capital; Ego-network; Social networks; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; D85; Z13.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92017

Bokusheva, Raushan; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

This Discussion Paper contains the greater part of the contributions to the Young Scientists Workshop on Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO, September 4-5, 2006). After last years’ positive response, the workshop has been organized for the fourth time and has a solid number of contributions. The aim of this annual event is to give young scientists the opportunity to present and discuss their transition-related research. The following short versions of the workshop contributions serve as a basis for discussion during the workshop, but also offer a cross-sectional overview of current research being carried out by young scientists. Although the issues covered by the workshop contributions are quite diverse, they share a common...

Semi-subsistence Farm Households in Central and South-eastern Europe: Current State and Future Perspectives

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91964

Fritzsch, Jana; Wegener, Stefan; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Curtiss, Jarmila; Gomez y Paloma, Sergio.

The European Union (EU) introduced a special transitional semi-subsistence measure to promote the smallest agricultural producers, so-called semi-subsistence farm households (SFHs) in the enlargement process. An outlook on the future of SFHs requires comprehensive and reliable information on the phenomenon and the impact of policy measures on their development. Therefore, a survey using a standardised questionnaire was conducted in Poland (175 households), Romania (185 households), and Bulgaria (184 households) from July to September 2007. In a first step, four major types of SFHs could be identified by means of cluster analysis: (i) rural diversifiers, (ii) rural pensioners, (iii) farmers, and (iv) rural newcomers. In a second step, a multiobjective...

Insurance preferences of smallholders : results from an adaptive conjoint analysis in Northern Vietnam

Palavras-chave: Semi-subsistence; Policy analysis; Transition countries; Multiobjective linear programming; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C61; P27; Q12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51444

Fischer, Isabel; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

Livestock plays a pivotal role for smallholder production systems in mountainous Northern Vietnam. Poor rural farm households are vulnerable and their livelihood systems are often so fragile and finely-balanced that a small misfortune can destabilize the households for many years. Economic risks, especially loss of livestock, are one of the major reasons for slipping into poverty. Normally, insurance systems could step in here. In developing countries however, insurance markets are usually underdeveloped. Empirical research reveals that raising livestock and selling it in case of a livelihood emergency is a particularly popular risk management strategy. Based on the results of a computer-based Adaptive Conjoint Analysis (ACA) with 155 responding households...

Facilitating access to rural services in Vietnam: The invisible social capital link

Palavras-chave: Risk management; Livestock insurance; Adaptive conjoint analysis (ACA); Vietnam; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92830

Quoc, Hoang Dinh; Dufhues, Thomas; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

This paper investigates the effects of individual social capital on the access of rural households to services. In the context of agriculture economics, an innovative data collection approach is used to determine social capital. The approach originates from the field of sociology and entails a personal network survey. We define four social capital variables according to tie strength (bonding/bridging) and social distance (bondinglink/bridginglink) between the respondent and his/her network member. The econometric results suggest that social capital with weaker ties in combination with socially distant ties (bridginglink social capital) can potentially improve households’ access to rural services.

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Rural services; Social capital; Rural households; Vietnam.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123402

The Political Economy of Decentralization in Thailand - Does Decentralization Allow for Peasant Participation?

Dufhues, Thomas; Theesfeld, Insa; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Munkung, Nuchanata.

One of the most important issues in rural development is empowerment and entitlement of farmers through participation. Decentralisation and participation are seemingly interdependent. Therefore, the paper begins with a theoretical discussion on the cause and effects of this interdependence. Decentralisation is often advertised as means to better incorporate the views and wishes of local actors. Yet, a decentralization process is no guaranty for political participation of local actors. The state induced decentralisation process in rural Thailand serves as an example to investigate forces that hamper or facilitate political participation. Change and uncertainty are inherent of political systems and the agricultural sector. Hence, this paper focuses in...

Outreach of credit institutes and households' access constraints to formal credit in Northern Vietnam

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114428

Dufhues, Thomas; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

Most policy and research interest regarding rural credit markets revolves around the perception that poor households in developing countries lack access to credit, which is believed to have negative consequences for household welfare. An important feature of the rural credit market is that access to credit is easier for some groups than for others. The Vietnamese government supplied credit on preferential terms, particularly to rural households, through state-owned financial intermediaries. The share of the informal sector was thus considerably reduced from 78% (1992/93) of all outstanding loans to 54% (1997/98) in favor of the formal sector. However, there is evidence from other developing countries that credit constraints persist despite the expansion of...

Non-Farm Diversification Decisions of Rural Households in Macedonia

Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8535

Mollers, Judith; Heidhues, Franz; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

The non-farm sector is crucial to rural households in transition economies since it offers employment, reduces urban migration and can contribute to poverty reduction, economic growth and a more equal income distribution. This study on diversification decisions and rural incomes reviews evidence from a household survey in Macedonia. It looks at non-farm diversification dynamics and analyses income portfolios and driving forces of diversification decisions. The results confirm that non-farm employment and diversified income portfolios are outstanding features of rural households in Macedonia, where unfavourable economic conditions and insufficient farm incomes have driven farm households to open up income sources in the non-farm sector. Further adaptations...

Croatia's EU accession: socio-economic assessment of farm households and policy recommendations

Palavras-chave: Diversification strategies; Non-farm employment; Rural development; Macedonia; Consumer/Household Economics; D1; O18; Q12.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25402

Mollers, Judith; Zier, Patrick; Frohberg, Klaus; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Bojnec, Stefan.

Croatia is very close to meeting the requirements necessary for becoming a member of the European Union (EU). On February 6, 2008, the European Enlargement Commissioner Olli Rehn said that accession negotiations with Croatia are moving ahead well. As in all new member states (NMS), the agricultural sector and food processing chain are core issues within the negotiation process. Successful negotiation requires intimate knowledge of the issue at hand, including the socio-economic situation and the fears and strategies of the stakeholders, particularly small-scale farmers. This report attempts to close some of these knowledge gaps by reviewing Croatia’s rural development dynamics and farm structures, as well as agricultural and rural policies. Based on an...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Croatia; Rural development; EU accession; Slovenia; Farm households; Competitiveness; Agricultural policy; CAP; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; O13; O12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53665

Some Conceptional Thoughts on the Impact of Social Networks on Non-farm Rural Employment

Traikova, Diana; Mollers, Judith; Fritzsch, Jana; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

Everybody knows: rural regions offer fewer possibilities for non-farm employment than urban areas. For this reason, it was the semi-subsistence farm structures that had to absorb the released workers from the big rural state enterprises and the urban-rural migrants fleeing unemployment in the towns in the course of economic transformation. This has created hidden unemployment in farm households and thus low agricultural labour productivity in the European transition economies. From a policy point of view, it is therefore desirable to promote new jobs outside the farm sector in order to decrease the livelihood dependency on agriculture. But do rural people actually have a choice? And if so, will they go for non-farm employment? In Europe's transition...

Structural change in Europe’s rural regions – Farm livelihoods between subsistence orientation, modernisation and non-farm diversification

Palavras-chave: Rural non-farm employment; Social networks; Transition; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7801

Salasan, Cosmin; Curtiss, Jarmila; Gomez y Paloma, Gomez; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Fritzsch, Jana; Wegener, Stefan; Glauben, Thomas; Hockmann, Heinrich; Moller, Lioudmila; Pieniadz, Agata; Renner, Swetlana; Davidova, Sophia; Fredriksson, Lena; Petrovici, Dan Alex; Mishev, Mishev; Hubbard, Carmen; Gorton, Matthew; Wolek, Tomasz.

Edited volume of the contributions to the mini-symposium of the same title at the IAAE conference 2009.

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: EU; Enlarged EU; Structural change; Farm livelihoods; Modernization; Rural development; Success stories; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53334

Documentation of a multi-topic questionnaire-based survey on sustainable resource use in rural China

Jia, Xiangping; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

This Discussion Paper documents a survey conducted in rural China in 2005. A multi-topic survey funded by the Sino-German international Training Program "Sustainable Resource Use in North China", the project covers farm management, land property rights and rural credit access on the North China Plain. From a credit standpoint, this paper covers questionnaire design, sample, survey implementation, data entry, a brief assessment of the overall experience, as well as lessons drawn.

Effects of Natural Shocks on Risk Behavior. Experimental Evidence from Cameroon

Palavras-chave: Questionnaire; Survey; Credit access; Household model; Categorical variables; Stata.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C81; C93; D19.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90856

Balgah, Roland Azibo; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

Increasing occurrence of devastating natural shocks has stimulated research interest in the economics of natural disasters. Much of this scholarly work concentrates on effects of shocks on poverty, risk and vulnerability, and very little on understanding the effects of natural shocks on risk behavior. Referring to a 25 year-old disaster, we use unique survey data and experiment results from two disaster affected communities in rural Cameroon to test two hypotheses: (1) Natural shocks affect long term risk behavior; and (2) self-relocation into risk-prone areas is an explicit demonstration of risk taking. The results reveal differentiated risk behavior in self-relocated and state-resettled households, with the former taking higher risks compared to...

Targeting of and outreach to the poor by rural development nonprofit organizations in Cameroon

Palavras-chave: Shocks; Risk behavior; Experiment; Cameroon; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114215

Balgah, Roland Azibo; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

The importance of nonprofit organizations such as rural development organizations, farmers associations and common initiative groups as drivers of change in rural areas has been generally recognized in the economics of nonprofit organizations. While the economic theories attempt to explain the formation and functioning of nonprofit organizations, the targeting and outreach performance of these organizations has received little attention and at best is empirically divergent. Using the example of a nonprofit rural development organization in North West Cameroon, this paper analyzes the relative poverty of beneficiaries and non beneficiaries of its small scale fish farming program as a proxy for targeting efficiency. Poverty is measured through multiple...

FARM INCOME AMONG HOUSUEHOLD PLOT FARMERS IN UKRAINE – THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL

Palavras-chave: Nonprofit organizations; Targeting; Poverty; Cameroon; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; L31; I30; O18.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93079

Wolz, Axel; Fritzsch, Jana; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Nedoborovskyy, Andriy; Zinovchuk, Vitaly.

Following the two rounds of land reform in Ukraine since independence, household plot farmers emerged as the major suppliers of agricultural goods. But they form a very heterogeneous group. Not all of them are equally successful and integrated to markets. In general, a varying degree of access and adoption of production factors is identified as being of influence. In this paper, we argue that social capital is an additional factor contributing to higher agricultural incomes. We tested our hypothesis using primary evidence from a survey in Ukraine among 255 household plot farmers. Based on 23 social capital indicators we deduced four separate index variables linking the social capital dimension of form, i.e. structural and cognitive, with the social capital...

Agricultural economics and transition: What was expected, what we observed, the lessons learned Proceedings (Volume I / II)

Palavras-chave: Empirical survey; Household farming; Agricultural income; Social capital; Ukraine; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52668

Csaki, Csaba; Forgacs, Csaba; Koester, Ulrich; Liefert, William M.; Banse, Martin; Gay, Stephan Hubertus; McDonald, Scott; M'Barek, Robert; Swinnen, Johan F.M.; Kim, Hanho; An, Donghwan; Hubbard, Lionel J.; Rieger, Laszlo; Szoke, Gyula; Cristoiu, Adriana; Udovc, Andrej; Kagan, Adam; Sassi, Maria; Takacs, Istvan; Takacs, Emese; Cimpoies, Dragos; Ertsey, Imre; Kovacs, Sandor; Przygodzka, Renata; Dziemianowicz, Ryta Iwona; Magda, Robert; Borodina, Elena; Borodina, Alexandra; Gavrilescu, Dinu; Pecze, Denes; Balogh, Peter; Cechura, Lukas; Sayin, Cengiz; Cengiz, M. Nisa; Osanami, Fumio; Szabo, Gabor G.; Karaman, Suleyman; Szekely, Geza; Szczepaniak, Iwona; Szczegolska, Monika; Serova, Eugenia; Pieniadz, Agata; Barmon, Basanta Kumar; Kondo, Takumi; Becvarova, Vera; Levkovych, Inna; Hockmann, Heinrich; Bezlepkina, Irina V.; Kupavych, Alexander; Konig, Gabor; Halmai, Peter; Vasary, Viktoria; Vincze, Maria-Magdolna; Lerman, Zvi; Kolcsey, Andrea; Bokusheva, Raushan; Turtoi, Crina Sinziana; Toma, Camelia; Gavrilescu, Camelia; Davidova, Sophia; Blaas, Gejza; Antonova, Maria; Zeller, Manfred; Deininger, Klaus W.; Savastano, Sara; Carletto, Calogero; Caceres-Clavero, Francisco; Lucena-Cobos, Blanca; Latruffe, Laure; Takacs-Gyorgy, Katalin; Bandlerova, Anna; Sadowski, Adam; Gomez y Paloma, Sergio; Luca, Lucian; Cristoiu, Adriana; Ciaian, Pavel; Pokrivcak, Jan; Drabik, Dusan; Voneki, Eva; Tonini, Axel; Burger, Anna; Szep, Katalin; Majewski, Edward; Raggi, Meri; Viaggi, Davide; Maccarini, Elisa Ricci; Monasterolo, Irene; Vandeplas, Anneleen; Jongeneel, Roelof A.; Novak, Petr; Brasili, Cristina; Meyer, William H.; Kuhne, Bianka; Fanfani, Roberto; Gellynck, Xavier; Molnar, Adrienn; Gagalyuk, Taras; Traikova, Diana; Mollers, Judith; Cochrane, Nancy J.; Kazlauskiene, Natalija; Fekete-Farkas, Maria; Molnar, Jozsef; Szucs, Istvan; Popp, Jozsef; Udovecz, Gabor; Florkowski, Wojciech J.; Fritzsch, Jana; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Kasarjyan, Milada; Podruzsik, Szilard; Korff, Rudiger; Wilkin, Jerzy; van Leeuwen, Myrna; Bartova, Lubica; Erjavec, Emil; Katona-Kovacs, Judit; Baranyai, Zsolt; Hubbard, Carmen.

Over fifteen years have elapsed since the transition from the centrally planned economic system started in the early 1990’s. During this time agricultural and rural areas of Central and Eastern Europe have undergone profound structural changes with wide variations in the degree of transformation and in the rate of success in creating a competitive market and private ownership based food and agricultural system. By becoming member of the European Union the "transition" in its traditional interpretation has been concluded in ten of the Central East European countries. The transition to market based agriculture, however, is far from completion in Southern and Eastern Europe and especially in the CIS countries. International Association of Agricultural...

Market Integration of Household Plots in Ukraine - The Impact of Social Capital

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92319

Wolz, Axel; Fritzsch, Jana; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Nedoborovskyy, Andriy.

Following the two rounds of land reform in Ukraine since independence, household plot farmers emerged as the major suppliers to agricultural production. But they form a very heterogeneous group. Not all of them are equally successful, economically, and integrated to markets. In general, a varying adoption of production factors is identified as being of influence. In this paper, we argue that social capital is an additional factor contributing to higher agricultural incomes. We tested our thesis using primary evidence from a survey in Ukraine among 255 household plot farmers in 2006. Based on 24 social capital indicators we deduced four separate index variables linking the social capital dimension of form, i.e. structural and cognitive, with the social...

DOES NON-FARM INCOME DIVERSIFICATION IN NORTHERN ALBANIA OFFER AN ESCAPE FROM RURAL POVERTY?

Palavras-chave: Production factors; Social capital; Ukraine; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43842

Meyer, Wiebke; Mollers, Judith; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

The paper uses up-to-date household data from two Northern-Albanian regions. It summarises socio-economic facts on taking up remunerative non-farm employment and identifies the determinants of non-farm income diversification at the farm household level based on a binary logistic regression. Furthermore, the paper provides insight in the northern-Albanian farming structure, migration patterns, attitudes towards and reasons for income diversification into the non-farm sector. Income diversification indeed has a positive impact on the welfare of the households: A statistically significant increasing trend in incomes with rising diversification level was observed.