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| GAUJOUR, E.; AMIAUD, B.; FIORELLI, J.-L.; MIGNOLET, C.; COQUIL, X.. |
| The aim of this work was to identify the impact of farming practices on permanent grassland vegetation during the conversion from conventional to organic farming. We considered functional and species diversities in order to compare the different grassland categories based on the farming practices used over a period of six years - five years before conversion and one year after. We identified three categories of grasslands: those generally cut twice a year, those intensely grazed, and those that were used under diversified practices. We showed that grasslands characterised by cutting and low fertilization level have the highest species richness compared to the other two categories (23.2, 16.9 and 17 species, respectively), and the lowest pastoral index... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Biodiversity and ecosystem services. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15487/1/32%2DGaujour.pdf |
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| COQUIL, X.; TROMMENSCHLAGER, J-M.; BAZARD, C.; DESPRES, S.; DELABY, L.. |
| We compared the use of three farm grown cereal/protein mixes (oat/fava bean, barley/lupin, triticale/pea), that were used to complement lactating dairy cow diets based on hay consisting of alfalfa/orchard grass and perennial grassland. The trial took place in 2007 at the INRA experimental station of Mirecourt, where an organic mixed-crop dairy system is being prototyped. The experiment was carried out in a Latin square with three groups of eight cows (50% Holstein, 50% Montbéliarde). The cows were fed 4 kg/cow/day of one of the three cereal/protein mixes, 8 kg DM/cow/day of alfalfa/orchardgrass hay, and permanent grassland hay ad libitum. The three diets were indicative of the animals’ needs. Diets had no significant effect on milk production (20.3... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Feeding and growth. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15474/1/21%2DCoquil.pdf |
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| GERBER, M.; ASTIGARRAGA, L.; BOCKSTALLER, C.; FIORELLI, J.-L.; HOSTIOU, N.; INGRAND, S.; MARIE, M.; SADOK, W.; VEYSSET, P.; AMBROISE, R.; PEIGNE, J.; PLANTUREUX, S.; COQUIL, X.. |
| Dexi-SH* is an ex ante multivariate model for assessing the sustainability of dairy cows grazing systems. This model is composed of three sub-models that evaluate the impact of the systems on: (i) biotic resources; (ii) abiotic resources, and (iii) pollution risks. The structuring of the hierarchical tree was inspired by that of the Masc model. The choice of criteria and their aggregation modalities were discussed within a multi-disciplinary group of scientists. For each cluster, a utility function was established in order to determine weighting and priority functions between criteria. The model can take local and regional conditions and standards into account by adjusting criterion categories to the agroecological context, and the specific views of the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Indicators and other value-laden measures; Farming Systems; Dairy cattle. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15489/1/34%2DGerber.pdf |
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| SCHRACK, D.; COQUIL, X.; ORTAR, A.; BENOIT, M.. |
| In Europe, the pervasive use of pesticides in agricultural areas has led to the deterioration of the quality of groundwater and surface water, resources earmarked for human consumption. The aim of the European Water Framework Directive 91/474 is to restore the “good ecological status” of surface water and to protect water that might be used for drinking water production by 2015. Interactions within the soil determine the fate of environmental pesticides. Water resource contamination may persist for a long time after the last use of pesticides (i.e., atrazine). Pesticide persistence is highly variable. The fate and persistence of pesticides in the environment depend on agricultural pesticide practices and on soil interactions, which are interrelated... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15492/1/36%2DSchrack.pdf |
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| COQUIL, X.; FIORELLI, J.-L.; MIGNOLET, C.; BLOUET, A.; FOISSY, D.; TROMMENSCHLAGER, J.M.; BAZARD, C.; GAUJOUR, E.; GOUTTENOIRE, L.; SCHRACK, D.. |
| Sustainable development calls upon the farming sector to commit itself to the transmission of natural resources to future generations. The INRA research team of Mirecourt studies the design of environmentally-friendly farming systems. The design of these systems is based on a multitude of objectives, and their evaluation is determined by a wide range of criteria. This work aims at determining the practical conditions for implementing agricultural systems considered to be sustainable from an environmental point of view. Two organic dairy systems considered to be environmentally friendly ex ante have been designed in partnership with the staff of the INRA research team of Mirecourt. A grazing dairy system and a mixed-crop dairy system are being... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research; Farming Systems; Dairy cattle. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15488/1/33%2DCoquil.pdf |
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