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| Registros recuperados: 16 | |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Chalfant, James A.. |
| The nonparametric approach to consumer-demand analysis-based on revealed-preference axioms-is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to questions of size and power of tests for consistency of data with the existence of a stable, well-behaved utility function that could have generated the data. An application to Australian meat demand is used to show how these notions can be quantified and how prior information about elasticities, following Sakong and Hayes, may be used to increase the power of the approach. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
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| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28992 |
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| Chalfant, James A.; James, Jennifer S.; Lavoie, Nathalie; Sexton, Richard J.. |
| Grading systems are often introduced to address the classic adverse selection problem associated with asymmetric information about product quality. However, grades are rarely measured perfectly, and adverse selection outcomes may persist due to grading error. We study the effects of errors in grading, focusing on asymmetric grading errors- namely when low-quality product can erroneously be classified as high quality, but not vice versa. In conceptual model, we show the effects of asymmetric grading errors on returns to producers. Application to the California prune industry shows that grading errors reduce incentives to produce more valuable, larger prunes. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30878 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Chalfant, James A.. |
| Whimsy in specification choices leads to fragility of inference in econometric studies of structural change in meat demand. The literature contains a variety of results, with many contradictions, attributable largely to differences in specifications. This article reviews that literature, uses synthetic data to demonstrate the sensitivity of results to specification choices and to evaluate the power of nonparametric tests, and uses Canadian data to demonstrate a preferred approach to testing the hypothesis of structural change. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32618 |
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| Carter, Colin A.; Chalfant, James A.; Goodhue, Rachael E.; Groves, Kiara; Simon, Leo K.. |
| Environmental regulation of agriculture is becoming increasingly important, and growers are increasingly concerned about the effects of regulations on their profitability. Regulations governing the use of a pesticide affect its economic value. Further, growers often face a choice among pesticide alternatives, each with its own set of regulatory restrictions. In this environment, the introduction of a new regulation can have complex effects on growers' profit-maximizing pesticide choices. Buffer zones and regional emissions caps mean that pesticide choices can have important spatial components. Our paper presents an optimization model that incorporates spatial considerations at the field and regional level. We apply our model to fumigant choice by... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20166 |
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| Jetter, Karen M.; Chalfant, James A.; Sumner, Daniel A.. |
| This study will estimate the benefits to fruit and vegetable industries and consumers should people in the U.S. meet the USDA minimum dietary guidelines. Specifically the objectives of the study are to 1) estimate the benefits to fruit and vegetable industries and consumers should people eat the general and subgroup 7-a-day and 9-a-day recommendation; 2) estimate the benefits should smaller increases of only 10 percent or 25 percent be achieved; and 3) determine how agricultural inputs, including land and labor, would be affected by the increase in demand for fruits and vegetables. To protect against the incidence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer the 2005 USDA dietary guidelines recommend the consumption of 3 to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21065 |
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| Babcock, Bruce A.; Chalfant, James A.; Collender, Robert N.. |
| Multicrop farmers must choose variable input levels and land quantity for each crop. Economic researchers to date have analyzed these two decisions separately, either finding the best land use, given crop technologies, or solving for optimal input levels, ignoring the allocation of land. We show that both these approaches lead to suboptimal decision rules under risk aversion. An empirical example demonstrates that a risk-averse farmer who makes these decisions sequentially-first choosing input levels then allocating land-rather than simultaneously, may significantly understates the value of farming. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32226 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Chalfant, James A.. |
| Most studies of the demand for meat in Australia have used some measure of total income or expenditure, but two recent studies have assumed weak separability of a meat group and used expenditure on the meat group instead. These specification differences are of interest to the extent that they affect the economic interpretation, goodness-of-fit, elasticity estimates, predictive performance or hypothesis tests in empirical demand equations. In this paper, non-nested hypothesis testing procedures are used to test the alternative specifications of the income variable and the hypothesis of separability. The results favour the use of the expenditure variable implied by separability but are mixed concerning whether separability holds. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22578 |
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| Chalfant, James A.; Eshel, Dafna M. Disegni. |
| Nonparametric demand analysis uses axioms of revealed preference to test a data set for compatibility with the hypothesis of stable preferences. Previous applications have tested for the presence of structural change using this approach. This paper shows how to include demand shifters such as advertising in the analysis. It is shown that the implied results for changes in tastes depend on restrictions on advertising's effects. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20529 |
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| Registros recuperados: 16 | |
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