SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Kristiansen, Paul.

'Green and clean' has been used as a key marketing tool to promote Australian products overseas. The rationale is that consumers are generally concerned about personal health and the environment and will choose, and pay price premiums, for products that are, or perceived to be, clean (good for them) and green (good for the environment) over alternative products. But is Australia seen as clean and green? Is it really why people buy Australian products? And how effective is it as a marketing tool? This paper attempts to answer some of these questions. The study found that Australia may have a clean green image at present in some of her overseas markets, but to maintain such an image over time, concrete proof of environmental and quality credentials...

An overview of the Philippine duck industry

Palavras-chave: Export marketing; Clean and green; EMS; QA; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12899

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Dagaas, Clarita T.; de Castro, Nenita; Ranola, Roberto; Lambio, Angel; Malabayuabas, Maria Luz.

The Philippine duck industry is dominated by smallholder production. At present, about 99 percent of the demand for duck products is met by domestic production. However, it is envisaged that as trade liberalisation continues, the Philippine duck industry will face increasing competition from overseas as well as from other products. Continuing survival, and growth, of the industry depends on its ability to compete on a globalised market, which, in turn, depends on efficiency in the production and marketing systems relative to competitors. The research objective is to provide an overview of the industry and identify industry issues.

Examining AWB’s market power in the international wheat market

Palavras-chave: Duck; Poultry marketing; Trade liberalisation; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57842

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Martel, William; Berry, Robert.

The Australian wheat marketing system has been through a number of stages of deregulation in recent years. However, the AWB still maintains the monopoly selling rights of Australian wheat exports. The AWB and its supporters justify the single desk by arguing that the monopoly power enables them to gain a higher price in the export markets. Opposition to the single desk argues that Australia does not produce enough wheat to influence prices. The objective of this study is to test the market power hypothesis by examining the quantity - price relationship of Australian wheat exports and the stability of this relationship over time using annual data from 1961 to 2000.

Demand for Wine in Australia: Systems Versus Single Equation Approach

Palavras-chave: AWB; Single desk; Wheat marketing; National competition policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57843

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Bettington, Nicholas.

The objective of the study is to estimate demand for wine in Australia, based on both the systems approach and the single equation approach. Both approaches consider demand for three categories of alcoholic drinks (beer, wine and spirits) in a seemingly unrelated regression framework to take account of cross-equation correlations. Time series data on retail price indexes and apparent per capita consumption of alcoholic beverages for Australia for the period 1975/76 to 1998/99 are used for econometric estimation. The results show that over the short run, beer and wine are necessities; however, over the long run, wine becomes a luxury good. Beer and wine are complements. Demand for all three beverages is price inelastic. The study also found that the...

The Demand for Meats in Indonesia: A Censored Regression Approach

Palavras-chave: Wine demand; Demand analysis; Almst ideal demand system; Demand and Price Analysis.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12923

Hutasuhut, Maradoli; O'Donnell, Christopher J.; Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Griffith, Garry R.; Doran, Howard E..

In this study, meat consumption and socio-demographic data from the 1990, 1993 and 1996 SUSENAS Household Food Expenditure and Consumption Surveys were employed to estimate the demand for meats in Indonesia. The provinces of DKI Jakarta and West Java were chosen as the areas of study because of the population, level of meat consumption and the availability and quality of information in these two provinces. Several statistical and econometric procedures were performed. Firstly, a cluster analysis (Nicol, 1991) was used to aggregate the 16 meat types recorded in the SUSENAS into four Meat Groups (MG-1, 2, 3 and 4). Secondly, a double truncation procedure was used to estimate the linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) because of the...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Censoring; Cluster analysis; Cross-sectional data; Linearised AIDS.; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123666

Cross-sector Comparisons of Poultry Production in The Philippines

The Philippine poultry industry is diverse. It comprises broiler chicken, layer chicken, native chicken and duck. The production of broiler and layer chickens are characterised by large-scale, intensive, commercial production systems with modern technology and imported hybrids. Native chicken and duck production, one the other hand, is characterised by low-input, backyard production by smallholders. The objectives of the paper are to provide an overview of the Philippine poultry industry, make cross-sector comparisons and derive policy implications based on the issues identified. The main conclusion is that although demand outlook is optimistic for the Philippine poultry industry as a whole because of anticipated income and population growth, it faces...

Selling Australia as "clean and green"

Palavras-chave: The Philippines; Backyard production; Smallholder production; Poultry marketing; Trade liberalisation; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12896

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Kristiansen, Paul.

"Green and clean" has been used as a key marketing tool to promote Australian products overseas. The rationale is that consumers are generally concerned about personal health and the environment and will choose, and pay price premiums, for products that are perceived to be clean (good for them) and green (good for the environment) over alternative products. But is Australia seen as clean and green? Is it really why people buy Australian? This paper attempts to investigate such questions

Women in sweet potato marketing in Papua New Guinea

Palavras-chave: Export marketing; Clean green image; Marketing.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58393

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Be'Soer, Lilly; Wali, Cathy; Anjan, Jesse; Ramita, Isidora.

Women play an important role in agricultural production and marketing in PNG. However, their contribution to the local economy and household livelihoods has not been maximised due to the lack of support. This study, funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, identifies issues facing PNG women farmers in the highlands in their endeavour to generate income from sweet potato marketing. Two group discussions were held in Goroka and Mount Hagen. The results indicate that specific marketing issues facing women farmers are: heavy work load, high cost and unreliable transport, poor facilities at the open markets, harassment and violence against women and uneven distribution of income within the household. Group marketing, based on the...

Beef import market shares in Taiwan: implications for Australia

Palavras-chave: Participatory action research; CI&I; Gender and development; Marketing; Marketing.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58887

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Hsia, Chung-Jen.

Market shares of major beef suppliers to Taiwan, including Australia, the United States and New Zealand, were estimated econometrically to determine their relative competitiveness. The analysis, based on monthly data from June 1990 to August 1997, showed that relative prices and consumer incomes were important factors influencing suppliers’ market shares. Specifically, the demand for Australian beef responded little to an increase in price and negatively to an increase in consumer income. Furthermore, the growth in Taiwan beef consumption has slowed down and Australian beef suppliers need to re‐assess the market potential and develop appropriate marketing strategies to maintain competitiveness.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117835

Selling Australia as ‘clean and green’

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Kristiansen, Paul.

‘Clean and green’ has been used as a marketing tool by Australian governments to promote agricultural products overseas. But how valid are these claims? Is the ‘clean and green’ image campaign effective? And should government be involved? We conclude that Australia may have had a ‘clean and green’ image in some markets, but in the future, concrete proof of environmental and quality credentials will be required to satisfy increasingly better-informed and more demanding customers. We argue that governments cannot, and should not, continue to promote Australian products based on an undefined ‘clean and green’ image. Rather, more resources should be directed to the development, promotion and wide adoption of integrated, credible and well-defined environmental...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Clean and green; EMS; Export marketing; Food production; Food quality; QA; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116863

Generic Advertising Wearout

Kinnucan, Henry W.; Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Venkateswaran, Meenakshi.

Advertising wearout, defined as the declining effectiveness of a commercial or campaign associated with increased exposure, is examined from a generic advertising perspective. Generic advertising campaigns of the type typically undertaken by agricultural commodity groups differ from branded advertising in that the former seek to increase aggregate demand for a product category (e.g., beef, milk, wool) rather than the market share of a particular brand within a category. A major hypothesis addressed in this research is whether generic campaigns are subject to the same generation-satiation-decay cycles found for the more typical brand advertising campaigns. The hypothesis is examined by estimating a time-varying parameter model using data from the first...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Marketing.

Ano: 1993

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9620

The elasticity of demand for Australian cotton in Japan

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Nguyen, Chi.

Although a relatively small producer, Australia exports more than 90 per cent of its cotton production, making it the world's third largest cotton exporter in recent years. This means that export performance plays a major role in determining the profitability of the Australian cotton industry. The primary aim of this study was to determine the competitive position of Australian cotton in the Japanese market, based on the original non‐linear Almost Ideal Demand System model using data from 1972 to 1998. The main findings are that the USA had a relatively strong market position and that Australia needs to improve its cost competitiveness and quality image to advance its market standing.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118072

Examining long-run relationships between Australian beef prices

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Griffith, Garry R..

Cointegration and impulse response analyses are used to investigate the short‐run and long‐run dynamics of the Australian beef market. The aim of this study is to determine whether long‐run relationships existed between Australian beef prices at the farm, wholesale and retail levels. Based on monthly data from 1971 to 1994, the results show that all three prices considered are cointegrated. Furthermore, the wholesale price is found to be weakly exogenous. The latter result might be an indication of market inefficiency due in part to price levelling often practised in the beef marketing system.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117283

Long-Distance Marketing of Sweet Potato from the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: An Analysis of Consumer Preferences and Supplier Responsiveness

Omot, Norah; Spriggs, John; Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie).

Sweet potato is by far the most important staple food in Papua New Guinea. While much is consumed as a subsistence crop, it is also an important income earner for many small holder farmers in the Highlands of PNG. Of the Highlands sweet potato sold, about 90 percent is traded informally on open markets, locally or in coastal urban markets. Data from a consumer survey, from an informant interview of highlands suppliers and from consumer and supplier observations at the Lae market (the largest coastal urban market for sweet potato) was used to explore the extent to which Highland sweet potato in the coastal urban market of Lae, may be considered a differentiated product. As a staple food being sold on informal markets one may think it is best represented as...

The Philippine Duck Industry: Issues and Research Needs

Palavras-chave: Consumer preferences; Differentiated product; Highland suppliers; Supplier awareness; Supplier responsiveness; Marketing strategies; Lae; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59110

Dagaas, Clarita T.; Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie).

The Philippine duck industry is dominated by balut (partially hatched embryos) production and by smallholder production that accounted for more than 75 percent of the total duck production. However, the commercial sector is gaining momentum in moving towards a higher degree of vertical integration and contract farming and there appears to be some increase in the demand for duck meat. At present, almost all of the demand for duck eggs is met by domestic production while about two percent of duck meat consumption is imported. As such, imports appear not to be a serious threat to the domestic supply at present. However, it is envisaged that as trade liberalisation continues, the Philippine duck industry will face increasing competition from overseas and...

An Overview of the Organic Food Products Market in Australia

Palavras-chave: Duck; Poultry marketing; Trade liberalisation; Balut; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12904

Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie); Griffith, Garry R.; Zepeda, Lydia.

Worldwide, the demand for organic food products appears to have expanded quickly in recent years, stimulated by consumer perceptions that organic products are safe, clean and ethical. The growth rate was estimated to be around 10-20 per cent per annum in the next few years, with sales reaching $US 29-31 billion in 2005. The biggest growth in consumption has occurred in developed countries, such as the United States, Western Europe, and Japan that are also major importers of organic foods. It is clear that Australia, traditionally a major exporter of agricultural products, stands to benefit from the expansion in demand for organic products. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the Australian organic food products industry, including...

An econometric analysis of the competitive position of Australian cotton in the Japanese market

Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12928

Although a relatively small producer, Australia exports but about 90% of its cotton production, making it the third largest cotton exporter. This means that export performance plays a major role in determining the profitability of the Australian cotton industry. The primary aim was to determine the competitive position of Australian cotton in the Japanese market, based on the AIDS model using data from 1972 to 1998. The main findings were that the United States had a relatively strong market position and that to improve its market position, Australia should become more cost competitive and/or improve its quality image through promotion.

A Cointegration Analysis of Wool Prices

Palavras-chave: Almost ideal demand system; Cotton marketing; Import demand; Japan; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12940

Based on cointegration analysis and monthly data from 1976.8 to 1999.10, a long-run equilibrium relationship was found to exist between prices for wools of 19 to 23 microns, despite the wool Reserve Price Scheme operated until February 1991. Furthermore, the prices for 19, 20 and 21 micron wools were found to be weakly exogenous. The latter result suggested that, although co-integrated, prices for finer wools tended to be less volatile than coarser wools. The implications are that wool producers would enjoy more stable prices by producing finer wools and that cross-hedging is possible given co-movements of prices.

Stability of price premiums for wool

Palavras-chave: Cointegration; Error correction model; Reserve price scheme; Wool marketing.; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12929

Demand for Organic Food: Focus Group Discussions in Armidale, NSW

The objective of this study was to determine whether long-run relationships existed between price premiums for wools with different fibre diameters. Based on cointegration analysis using monthly data from 1976.8 to 1999.10, the results showed that price premiums, in relative price terms, for fibre diameters between 19 and 23 micron were cointegrated. Furthermore, the price premiums for 19, 20 and 21 micron were found to be weakly exogenous. The latter result suggested that price premiums for finer wools tended to be more stable, compared with coarser wools which appeared to bear the burden of price adjustments. The implication is that wool producers would enjoy more stable prices, and hence income, by focusing on finer wools.

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Cointegration; Error correction model; Reserve price scheme; Wool marketing.; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123621

Zepeda, Lydia; Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie).

In Australia, the retail value of organic food production was estimated at A$250 million, with farm gate value at around A$90 million, and exports at around A$40 million. The current share of organic sales in total food sales in Australia is about 1 per cent. The growth rate in organic production was forecast to continue at 10-30% per annum. Despite the positive outlook, there are concerns about consumer confusion over product recognition, organic certification, and misleading advertising. To understand how demand for organic products is changing, it is important to investigate consumer attitudes and knowledge about these issues. The objective of this study is to identify issues that may hinder or promote demand. Given the qualitative nature of these...