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| Registros recuperados: 15 | |
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| Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Babinard, Julie; Pinstrup-Andersen, Per; Thomas, Marcelle. |
| For the health community, globalization offers opportunities but also poses important challenges. Dramatic progress has been made in the area of health over the past forty years; however, improvements have been unequally distributed across regions. Developing countries share a disproportionate burden of avoidable mortality and disability, primarily attributable to preventable infectious diseases, malnutrition, and complications of childbirth. Globalization affects global health, which in turn may improve or worsen the health of the poor in developing countries. This paper reviews the different meanings of globalization and indicators for some of its components. Using a simple framework, it examines the channels, which links globalization and health... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16292 |
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| Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Tin, Jonathan. |
| Current agricultural negotiations in the World Trade Organization are grappling on how to fully integrate agriculture within the general rules for trade in goods. The notion of multifunctionality of agriculture has been suggested as a reason to justify special treatment for that sector, including the continuation of its protection and subsidization. Many developing countries are still analyzing whether the idea has something to offer them in terms of their negotiating positions and policy framework. While multifunctionality has been invoked for supporting agriculture in developed countries, a similar idea, although not called so at the time, was clearly behind support for industry in developing countries. Again in this case, the policy implication was that... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16301 |
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| Diao, Xinshen; Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Robinson, Sherman; Orden, David. |
| This paper accomplishes two objectives. First, it provides simulation results from a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that have helped focus the debate about the potential effects of agricultural trade liberalization on developing countries. The aggregate numbers show modest net positive effects over a medium-term period (five years out). First, when developed countries fully remove their subsidies and trade barriers, welfare and GDP of the developing countries rise, as do value added in agricultural production and agro-industries, and agricultural exports. Focal point estimates that we provide are increases in welfare and GDP of $10 billion and $15 billion, respectively, while agricultural value added increases $23 billion and agricultural... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policies; Developing countries; Industrialized countries; Computable General Equilibrium Models; Trade liberalization; Trade barriers; Subsidies; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59823 |
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| Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Thomas, Marcelle; Robinson, Sherman; Cattaneo, Andrea. |
| An important issue in WTO trade negotiations is whether further liberalization of trade and agricultural policies may help or hinder food security in WTO member countries, especially the developing countries. The WTO recognizes various classifications of countries: developed, developing, least developed (LDC) and net food importing developing (NFIDC). How well do these categories capture issues of food security? This paper employs various methods of cluster analysis (including an approach based on fuzzy sets) and data for 167 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to five measures of food security: food production per capita, the ratio of total exports to food imports, calories per capita, protein per capita, and the share of the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food security; WTO; Cluster analysis; Fuzzy classification; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16261 |
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| Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Robinson, Sherman; Thomas, Marcelle; Yanoma, Yukitsugu. |
| The objective of this paper is to present a survey of trade issues in agriculture from the perspective of developing countries. Developing countries are a large percentage of the World Trade Organization (WTO) membership, and agriculture is critical for their economic growth, poverty alleviation, food security, and environmental sustainability. First, this paper identifies trends in production, consumption, and trade of food and agriculture over the last four decades. Some of the significant developments food and agricultural trade is the emergence of oilseeds and fruits and vegetables, which are becoming the main exports from developing countries, replacing traditional exports such as sugar, coffee and cocoa. The trends show also a worsening of developing... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16278 |
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| Cicowiez, Martin; Diaz-Bonilla, Carolina; Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio. |
| Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offers an interesting case study as the only large agricultural exporter that has, at many points in its history, applied export taxes to several of its agricultural products. The chapter combines results from a global economy-wide model (World Bank’s Linkage model), a national CGE model, and microsimulations. The results suggest that liberalization of world trade (including subsidies and import taxes, but not export taxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods, reduces poverty and inequality in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52793 |
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| Diao, Xinshen; Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Robinson, Sherman. |
| This paper analyzes two potential trade liberalization scenarios – a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) and possible links between MERCOSUR and the European Union (EU) – in a world computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The model also incorporates some macro elements such as a cash- in-advance mechanism and rigidities in wages and exchange rates. The empirical results show that the two alternative regional integration scenarios are good for the participants while have little impact on the nonparticipants. Both scenarios are net trade creating, as trade creation greatly exceeds trade diversion, and the trade-diversion has relatively minor effects on the affected regions. The gains are larger for the Latin American participants than for their large... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16281 |
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| Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Thomas, Marcelle; Robinson, Sherman. |
| An important component of the current debate about agriculture trade negotiations is whether further liberalization of trade and agricultural policies may help or hinder food security in WTO member countries. These concerns were formulated first, in Article 20 of the Agreement on Agriculture negotiated during the Uruguay Round, which indicated that negotiations should take into consideration, among other things, "non trade concerns"; and in its preamble, which mentioned as examples of those concerns, "food security and the need to protect the environment". They were also reaffirmed in the Doha Declaration, which declares that "the long-term objective" is "to establish a fair and market-oriented trading system through a program of fundamental reform", and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16266 |
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| von Braun, Joachim; Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio. |
| The economic impact of globalization, particularly on poverty, and the changes in agri-food markets have received much attention in recent years. However, the intersection of these two trends has been neglected. The present volume fills this gap by focusing on the way globalization of agri-food systems affects the world’s poor and its impact on food and nutrition security in developing countries. Rather than offering a single policy prescription or simplistic messages about globalization being 'good' or 'bad', the book acknowledges the complexity of the subject by including a variety of policy and research perspectives. The contributors analyse in details the links between poverty and globalization. They examine the different interactions between the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Developing countries; Rural poor Globalization; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46012 |
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| Registros recuperados: 15 | |
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