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| Sanchirico, James N.; Cochran, Kathryn A.; Emerson, Peter M.. |
| This paper is a guide for citizens, scientists, resource managers, and policy makers, who are interested in understanding the economic and social value of marine protected areas (MPAs). We discuss the potential benefits and costs associated with MPAs as a means of illustrating the economic and social tradeoffs inherent in implementation decisions. In general, the effectiveness of a protected area depends on a complex set of interactions between biological, economic, and institutional factors. While MPAs might provide protection for critical habitats and cultural heritage sites and, in some cases, conserve biodiversity, as a tool to enhance fishery management their impact is less certain. The uncertainty stems from the fact that MPAs only treat the symptoms... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Marine protected areas; Marine reserves; Fisheries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q0; Q2. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10795 |
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| Emerson, Peter M.; Nessman, Alan C.. |
| The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) represents significant developments in both regional trade liberalisation and environmental protection. Pre-agreement negotiations offered non-government organisations (NGOs) considerable opportunity to reduce areas of potential conflict between these two objectives. The Agreement deals with both boundary problems and common standards without dictating uniformity of standards or impinging greatly on each nation's sovereign control over matters within its own borders. The introduction of this practical strategy into the international trade arena could be the most significant feature of the NAFTA in shaping future regional and international trade negotiations. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12333 |
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