SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Cho, Seong-Hoon.

This research note documents estimation procedures and results for an empirical investigation of the performance of the recently developed spatial, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) covariance estimator calibrated with different kernel bandwidths. The empirical example is concerned with a hedonic price model for residential property values. The first bandwidth approach varies an a priori determined plug-in bandwidth criterion. The second method is a data driven cross-validation approach to determine the optimal neighborhood. The third approach uses a robust semivariogram to determine the range over which residuals are spatially correlated. Inference becomes more conservative as the plug-in bandwidth is increased. The data-driven...

SPATIOTEMPORAL MODELING OF AGRICULTURAL YIELD MONITOR DATA

Palavras-chave: Spatial HAC; Semivariogram; Bandwidth; Hedonic model; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C31; R21.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44258

Nistor, Adela P.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Lowenberg-DeBoer, James; Brown, Jason P..

Replaced with revised version of paper 03/06/08.

BANDWIDTH SELECTION FOR SPATIAL HAC AND OTHER ROBUST COVARIANCE ESTIMATORS

Palavras-chave: Corn; Drainage; Precision agriculture; Spatial panel model; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; O18; Q18; R15; R38; R58.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6717

Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Cho, Seong-Hoon.

FLOODING RISK AND HOUSING VALUES: AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD

Palavras-chave: Spatial HAC; Semivariogram; Bandwidth; Hedonic model; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; C31; R21.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45964

Daniel, Vanessa; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Rietveld, Piet.

Climate change, the ‘boom and bust’ cycles of rivers, and altered water resource management practice have caused significant changes in the spatial distribution of the risk of flooding. Hedonic pricing studies, predominantly for the US, have assessed the spatial incidence of risk and the associated implicit price of flooding risk. Using these implicit price estimates and their associated standard errors, we perform a meta-analysis and find that houses located in the 100-year floodplain have a –0.3 to –0.8% lower price. The actual occurrence of a flooding event or increased stringency in disclosure rules causes ex ante prices to differ from ex post prices, but these effects are small. The marginal willingness to pay for reduced risk exposure has increased...

IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY REFORM ON LAND PRICES: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE

Palavras-chave: Valuation; Environmental risk; Meta-analysis; Hedonic pricing; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; D81; Q51; Q54.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7333

Oltmer, Katrin; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

Agricultural policy support to farmers is being reconsidered in most industrialized countries. The adverse incentive structure of price support is generally considered to be inadequate. Income support schemes may therefore be preferable in view of externalities of agricultural production such as the development and maintenance of nature. A plethora of studies comprises estimates of the impact of a sustained future benefit stream (among other things through continued price and income support) on land prices. The empirical results of these studies vary considerably. We apply meta-analytical methods to identify the factors explaining this variation in capitalization of future benefits in agricultural land prices. The resultant information is of crucial...

A SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC STAR MODEL WITH AN APPLICATION TO U.S. COUNTY ECONOMIC GROWTH, 1969–2003

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20507

Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Holt, Matthew T..

Spatial regression models incorporating non-stationarity in the regression coefficients are popular. We propose a spatial variant of the Smooth Transition AutoRegressive (STAR) model that is more parsimonious than commonly used approaches and endogenously determines the extent of spatial parameter variation. Uncomplicated estimation and inference procedures are demonstrated using a neoclassical convergence model for United States counties.

THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AMONG IMMIGRANTS IN U.S. METROPOLITAN AREAS

Palavras-chave: Spatial autoregression; Smooth transition; Spatial econometrics; STAR; GWR; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; C51; R11; R12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48117

Waldorf, Brigitte S.; Beckhusen, Julia; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Graaff, Thomas.

Segregation by race, ethnicity and income is a persistent feature of U.S. cities and communities, and ethnic enclaves have formed ever since immigration became more diverse. For low-skilled immigrants in particular, settling in an ethnic enclave may offer important opportunities and facilitate coping with the new environment. However, immigrant enclaves may also foster occupational segregation and retard assimilation, with the willingness to invest in language acquisition playing a key role. This paper expands on earlier work focusing on the linkage between spatial segregation and language acquisition. Using data from the 2000 U.S. Census the study stratifies immigrants by their location in one of four metropolitan areas by educational attainment and...

Strategic Interaction and Spatial Multiplier Effects in Local Growth Control Policies: The California Housing Market

Palavras-chave: Immigration; Human capital; Language acquisition; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Public Economics; I21; J10; R20.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48643

Waldorf, Brigitte S.; Byun, Pillsung; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

Since the 1970s, growth controls spread across many metropolitan regions in the United States. Several studies address the effects of local growth controls on housing markets, particularly its price effect, which is induced by rising construction cost, constrained housing supply, improved amenities, and market reorientation of homebuilders. However, only few studies explicitly address inter-jurisdictional spatial spillovers and strategic interaction of policy-makers of different jurisdictions in the design of growth control policies. This study focuses on two housing market outcomes, supply of new housing and market orientation, and utilizes a spatial econometric framework to systematically investigate local and global spatial spillovers giving rise to...

Growth and Technological Leadership in US Industries: A Spatial Econometric Analysis at the State Level, 1963-1997

Palavras-chave: Spatial spillovers; Growth controls; Housing supply; Market orientation; Public Economics; C21; H23; H73; R31.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19574

Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Groot, Henri L.F..

For several decades, cross-country analyses have dominated the literature on economic growth. Recently, these analyses have been extended to include sectoral variation as well as spatial variation across sub-national regions. This paper investigates economic growth and potential determinants of the process of catch-up to technology leaders for several economic sectors, using data for the lower 48 US states from 1963 through 1997. We analyze the potential influence of factors such as human capital, and geographical distance to the technology leader. A spatially explicit growth model in which technological progress is endogenously determined is used to model productivity growth in nine US industries, ranging from mining to government, and including a...

Meta-Regression Estimates for CGE Models: A Case Study for Input Substitution Elasticities in Production Agriculture

Palavras-chave: Regional economic growth; Convergence; Industry level; Technological leadership; Spatial econometrics; Industrial Organization; C21; I23; O33; R12.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9691

Boys, Kathryn A.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

The selection of appropriate parameters for computable general equilibrium (CGE) models critically affects the results of applied economic modeling exercises. Valid and reliable parameter selection models are needed, and typically comprise direct estimation, expert opinion, or copycatting of results from seminal studies. The purpose of this study is to use meta-analysis to summarize and more accurately estimate elasticities of input substitution, specifically between labor and other inputs in agricultural production. We construct a comprehensive database of elasticity estimates through an extensive literature review, and perform a meta-regression analysis to identify structural sources of variation in elasticity estimates sampled from primary studies. The...

Geography and Economic Transition: Global Spatial Analysis at the Grid Cell Level

Palavras-chave: Meta-analysis; Cross-price elasticity; Input substitu¬tion; Agricultural production; CGE parameters; Demand and Price Analysis; C13; C68; Q13.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9683

Motamed, Mesbah J.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Masters, William J..

This paper addresses the timing of historical transition from rural to urban activity. In our model, rural production has constant returns and meets subsistence needs, while urban production has scale economies and meets the demands of higher-income consumers. Urbanization occurs sooner when rural or urban productivity is higher or transport costs are lower. We test the model on worldwide data that divides the earth's surface at half-degree intervals into over 60,000 cells. From an independent estimate of each cell's rural and urban population history, we identify the date at which each cell achieves various thresholds of urbanization. Controlling for country fixed effects and neighbors' urbanization using spatial techniques, we find that the date at which...

TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP, HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR U.S. COUNTIES, 1969-2003*

Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Economic geography; Urbanization; Agriculture; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; N50; O11; O18; R1.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49589

Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Groot, Henri L.F..

The traditional view of cities as monocentric conglomerates of people clustered around an employment center, driving economic growth in cities that subsequently trickles down to the hinterland, is increasingly being challenged. In particular, the role of space, technological leadership, human capital, increasing returns to scale and industrial clustering as well as hierarchical organization principles have been emphasized in the more recent literature. This paper utilizes exploratory and spatial econometric data analysis techniques to investigate these issues for U.S. counties using data from 1969 through 2003. Ultimately, contiguous and hierarchical organization and interaction patterns are captured using an endogenous growth model allowing for spatial...

EVOLUTION OF INVESTMENT FLOWS IN U.S. MANUFACTURING: A SPATIAL PANEL APPROACH

Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28630

Brown, Jason P.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; McNamara, Kevin T..

This paper is updated by the file at http://purl.umn.edu/54835

Does Where We Live Matter? Understanding the Link Between Obesity and the Market for Food

Palavras-chave: Manufacturing; Investment; Location factors; Community/Rural/Urban Development; L60; R11; R30.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42502

Chen, Susan E.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Snyder, Samantha D..

Paper is under revision. Removed at author's request 10/27/08.

CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A SPATIAL SAMPLE SELECTION MODEL

Palavras-chave: Incidence of obesity and overweight; Spatial lag model; Spatial dependence; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; C21; D1; I18; J10.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9682

Ward, Patrick S.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso.

Using data at a high spatial resolution, we estimate a cereal yield response function conditional upon climatological and topographical features using a recently developed estimator for spatial process models when sample selection is of concern. We control for localized spatial correlation in unobserved disturbances affecting both the selection to plant cereals as well as in the resulting conditional yield response. We find that cereal yields across Sub-Saharan Africa will decline with increasing temperatures resulting from global climate change, and that failing to control for sample selection leads to underestimation of these adverse effects.

Manufacturing Transition in Local Economies: A Regional Adjustment Model

Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Climate change; Spatial econometrics; Sample selection; Generalized method of moments; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C31; Q18; C50.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116182

Brown, Jason P.; Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

This paper addresses changes in capital formation by testing the importance of location factors with respect to the rate of establishment births and deaths in U.S. manufacturing, 2000–2004. A theoretical concept called “localized creative destruction” is tested as a mechanism to explain the dynamics impacting the spatial distribution of manufacturing establishment birth and death rates. While no support of this process was found, results identify a convergence process occurring where counties with high initial birth/death rates have smaller changes in firm birth and death rates. The interpretation is that counties become more equally competitive in terms of firm formation dynamics in lieu of successful counties increasing their lead in the short run. This...

Agricultural Productivity and Anticipated Climate Change in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Spatial Sample Selection Model

Palavras-chave: Location determinants; Manufacturing; Adjustment models; Community/Rural/Urban Development; L60; R11; R12.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61130

Ward, Patrick S.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso.

A cereal yield response function is estimated conditional upon environmental and topographical features to detect the effects of spatial heterogeneity and spatial dependence in explaining agricultural productivity across Sub-Saharan Africa. Controlling for direct and localized spillover effects, we then estimate the effect that projected changes in temperature and precipitation as a result of global climate change will have on agricultural production. We find that the estimated declines found in the climatological literature may overestimate actual declines, and factors such as spatial heterogeneity (i.e., country fixed effects) are profoundly more important to agricultural production.

A TWO-STEP ESTIMATOR FOR A SPATIAL LAG MODEL OF COUNTS: THEORY, SMALL SAMPLE PERFORMANCE AND AN APPLICATION

Palavras-chave: Agricultural Production; Climate Change; Applied Spatial Econometrics; Sample Selection; Generalized Method of Moments Estimation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Productivity Analysis; I3; Q18; C50.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61635

Lambert, Dayton M.; Brown, Jason P.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

Several spatial econometric approaches are available to model spatially correlated disturbances in count models, but there are at present no structurally consistent count models incorporating spatial lag autocorrelation. A two-step, limited information maximum likelihood estimator is proposed to fill this gap. The estimator is developed assuming a Poisson distribution, but can be extended to other count distributions. The small sample properties of the estimator are evaluated with Monte Carlo experiments. Simulation results suggest that the spatial lag count estimator achieves gains in terms of bias over the aspatial version as spatial lag autocorrelation and sample size increase. An empirical example deals with the location choice of single-unit start-up...

Employment Growth and Income Inequality: Accounting for Spatial and Sectoral Differences

Palavras-chave: Count model; Location choice; Manufacturing; Poisson; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C21; C25; D21; R12; R30.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59780

Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Partridge, Mark D..

This paper revisits the inequality-growth relationship accounting for sectoral differences and focusing on US counties. For 8 two-digit industries of the NAICS classification, we estimated a conditional growth model where employment growth depends on regional income inequality and a number of control variables. Spatial econometrics techniques are used to account for spatial dependence. Results indicate that there is no association between employment growth and family income inequality for the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting sector and the Real Estate, Rental and Leasing sector. However, income inequality consistently shows a negative impact on employment growth in the construction sector, and results are mixed for other sectors such as:...

A Spatial Hedonic Model with Time-Varying Parameters: A New Method Using Flexible Least Squares

Palavras-chave: Employment growth; Inequality; Spatial dependence; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R0; R11; O15; D30.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49460

Kuethe, Todd H.; Foster, Kenneth A.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

The following paper outlines a new econometric model designed to capture both the temporal and spatial dynamics of housing prices. The paper combines existing spatial econometric techniques with a model that allows parameters to evolve over time. In addition, we provide an empirical application to the price effects of confined animal feeding operations to a data set of residential real estate in Tippecanoe County, Indiana from 1993 through 2006.