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| Gifford, Katie; Bernard, John C.. |
| A consumer survey and Tobit analysis were used to determine the effect of message framing and other factors on self-reported organic food purchase likelihood. Negative framing, which emphasizes the possible negative consequences of conventional agricultural techniques, led to a "boomerang effect" that resulted in lowered purchase likelihood of organic food by consumers with high trust in food safety. Consumers with significantly higher purchase likelihood had high perceived risk from pesticides and high prior knowledge about organic methods. African Americans and those with less than a high school education had lower purchase likelihood. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27552 |
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| Gifford, Katie; Bernard, John C.. |
| A large segment of consumers appear to value niche products including organic, “non-GM,” “pesticide-free,” and “no antibiotics used” more in fresh products than in processed. About ten percent of the respondents were especially interested in non-GM products. These consumers feel that GM labeling is important, but felt that other types of food labels were relatively unimportant. The non-GM audience defied easy demographic profiling. Data were collected by both surveys and experimental auctions, with factor analysis and cluster analysis used to interpret the data. The survey and experimental auction data yielded different willingness-to-pay values but showed similar patterns of consumer preferences. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55973 |
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| Bernard, John C.; Gifford, Katie; Santora, Kristin; Bernard, Daria J.. |
| This study examined consumer willingness to pay for first- and second-generation genetically modified (GM) and organic foods and for non-GM foods, dependent on tolerance for GM content. Data from a survey of students were examined using a heteroskedastic two-limit Tobit model. Results showed consumers were willing to pay significantly more for organic and second-generation foods over first-generation GM foods, which suggests a niche market for second-generation GM foods may be possible. For non-GM foods, consumers were indifferent between a 100- and 99-percent threshold, but did not view 95-percent non-GM foods as more valuable than foods with unknown GM. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99780 |
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| Bernard, John C.; Zhang, Chao; Gifford, Katie. |
| This research compared bids that consumers placed on non genetically modified (GM), organic, and conventional versions of food products in order to determine if the organic market well serves those seeking to avoid GM foods. Auction experiments using potato chips, tortilla chips, and milk chocolate were conducted with 79 subjects. Bids were modeled as a function of consumer demographics using a heteroskedastic tobit regression model. Results with the non-GM attribute nested into the organic characteristic showed that the latter's marginal effects were insignificant. This suggested the potential to further develop non-GM products for consumers not willing to pay extra for the remaining organic attributes. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Auction experiments; GM foods; Organic foods; Willingness to pay; Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10226 |
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| Gifford, Katie; Bernard, John C.; Toensmeyer, Ulrich C.; Bacon, J. Richard. |
| The appearance and rapid adoption of genetically modified (GM) foods and the strong growth in organic foods are two of the major trends that have influenced the food system over the past several years. The purpose of this research was to determine consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for non-GM and organic foods relative to conventional foods and to see if WTP differences between the three categories vary between fresh and processed food products. Experimental auctions with 133 subjects from three states (Delaware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania) were conducted. Tobit models were run with the bids as functions of demographic and knowledge and attitude variables. Results suggest an untapped market exists for non-GM products at a substantial premium over... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19385 |
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