SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Waste materials from biogas production - effects on soil fertility and climate

Landbrugssektoren vil komme til at spille en stadig større rolle for forsyning af samfundet med biobaserede produkter, og herunder biobrændstoffer som bioethanol og biodiesel. Energiforsyningen til transportsektoren, og andre sektorer i øvrigt, er i forandring i disse år. Der er tale om et markant paradigmeskifte fra et system baseret på fossil energi til et system, der skal implementere andre og mere vedvarende energiløsninger. Det tager tid. Men det vurderes at være meget nødvendigt at identificere danske styrkepositioner og ressourcer for at give landbrugssektoren mulighed for at agere proaktivt og drage nytte af dette forventelige vækstområde. Landbrugets muligheder for at drage nytte af en mere biobaseret økonomisk udvikling som store. Men det kræver...

Tipo: Teaching resource

Palavras-chave: Recycling; Balancing and resource management Crop husbandry Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/18964/3/18964.pdf

Johansen , Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Løes, Anne-Kristin.

Future agricultureal systems will produce bioenergy on basis of on- and off-farm crops and residues, implying beneficial recycling of plant nutrients back to soil and plants. This will reduce emission of climate gases and may also reduce spread of weed seeds, parasites and pathogens. However, it may also induce long-term reduction in soil organic pools.

Dyrkning af blandingsafgrøder med bælgsæd

Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Nutrient turnover; Health and welfare; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19474/4/19474.pdf

Der bliver stillet stadig større krav til den økologiske fodring. En større og større del af foderrationen skal være økologisk. Og reglerne sætter samtidig nye og mere restriktive grænser for brug af fiskemel, kødbenmel og sojaskrå. Det betyder, at økologiske landmænd har brug for nye fodermidler med et højt og særlig værdifuldt indhold af proteiner. For danske planteavlere er det derfor en udfordring at kunne levere økologiske proteinafgrøder. Hvorfor importerer råvarerne til en dansk økologisk produktion, hvis vi selv kan dyrke dem herhjemme? Med de sager om fejl og snyd ved import af økologiske råvarer, der dukkede op i løbet af 2001, er spørgsmålet ekstra relevant. Det er baggrunden for, at Brancheforeningen for økologisk planteavl i 2001 undersøgte...

Grain legumes in organic cropping systems

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://orgprints.org/118/1/Snoh%C3%B8j3.pdf

Grain legumes are valuable protein and energy sources in animal feeds and in human diets low in meat. Furthermore, grain legumes strongly benefit the cropping system, via biological fixation of atmospheric N2 - a fundamental process for maintaining soil fertility in organic farming systems. Other positive effects in the crop rotations are recycled N-rich crop residues and the break-crop effect in cereals-rich rotations. However, yield variability in grain legumes is well known and related to intolerance to water stress and harvest difficulties either because of lodging or late maturity. Grain legumes seeds also vary in quality, mainly due to environmental conditions and together with a weak competitive ability towards weeds and pathogen attack like e.g....

Dyrkning af blandinger og høstteknologi

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://orgprints.org/122/1/LINK%2DWS%2DHHN.pdf

Oplæg med plenum diskussion vedr. relevans og muligheder for dyrkning af blandingsafgrøder i Danmark inklusiv hvorledes høstteknologien skal tilpasses herefter.

Early interference dynamics in intercrops of pea, barley and oilseed rape

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://orgprints.org/114/1/NewHolland02.pdf

Bellostas, Natalia; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Andersen, Mette Klindt; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Intercropping, the practical application of ecological principles such as diversity, interference, competition and coexistence in agriculture, is gaining increasing interest in organic farming. To be able to improve the management of intercrops, a more detailed knowledge is required on aspects of interference between crops. A bioassay and a pot experiment were conducted to assess both the mechanisms and the time of expression of processes involved in the early interference between pea (Pisum sativum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) when grown as intercrops. Conditions of non-limiting nutrient and water supply were chosen to eliminate competition for these growth factors. The bioassay gave no indication of competitive...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://orgprints.org/1450/2/1450.pdf

Grain legumes and nitrate leaching: significance and prevention

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen; Aveline, Anne; Crozat, Yves.

The amount of internationally published evidence on the effects of grain legumes on nitrate leaching is sparse and some studies may have weak points. Nevertheless, this mini-review indicates that the level of N leaching is 0–20 kg N ha-1 greater after pea than after cereals. Methods to prevent N leaching should be further developed and there is a need to genetically improve the root systems of grain legumes.

Pea-barley intercrops use nitrogen sources 20-30% more efficiently than the sole crops

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/3127/2/Grain_legumes_and_nitrate_leaching_Dijon_2004.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per; Brisson, Nadine; Crozat, Yves; Dahlmann, Christoph; Dibet, Audrey; von Fragstein und Niemsdorff, Peter; Gooding, Mike; Kasyanova, Elena; Launay, Marie; Monti, Michele; Pristeri, Aurelio; Steen Jensen, Erik.

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L) were intercropped and sole cropped to compare the effects of crop diversity on the use of nitrogen sources in European organic crop-ping systems. Across a wide range of growing condi-tions pea-barley intercropping showed that nitrogen sources were used from 17 to 31% more efficiently by the intercrop than by the sole crops. Intercropping technologies offers the opportunity for organic cropping systems to utilize N complementarity between component crops, without compromising total crop N yield levels

The potential environmental benefits and risks derived from legumes in rotations

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/7487/1/INTERCROP_WP3_v2.pdf

Peoples, Mark B.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Humans have approximately doubled the rate at which nitrogen (N) is entering the earth’s ecosystems compared to pre-industrial times (Vitousek et al. 1997, Smil 1999). The two most important sources of anthropogenic N are synthetic fertilizers and symbiotic N2 fixation by cultivated legumes (Vitousek et al. 1997). The ability of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis to improve the availability of N for other crops has been utilized for thousands of years in traditional farming systems and modern crop rotations. Before the advent of N fertilizers 25-50% of a farm was typically maintained in a legume-rich pasture or cover crop, and it has been estimated that in some farming systems in the 1950’s as much as 50% of all available N may have originated directly from...

Tipo: Book chapter

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Recycling; Balancing and resource management Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/18989/4/18989.pdf

The Use of Legumes for Agro-Energy and Non-Food Purposes

Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Peoples, Mark B.; Gresshoff, Peter M.; Vance, Carroll P..

The vision of a more “bio-based economy” will mitigate global climate change by substituting fossil resources for energy and industrial raw materials by sustainable biomass resources, potentially refined to high value chemicals, materials and fuels in biorefinery concepts. Legume-based cropping systems can play a significant role for such paradigm shift, also when taking into account a potential adoption of less meat-intensive diets. The aim of this review is to evaluate the current knowledge and potential of legume use for agro-energy and other non-food purposes. Legumes contribute protein rich food and feed but also many other interesting compounds, which can be refined for pharmaceuticals, surfactants or food additives (e.g. saponins, isoflavonoids,...

Effects of digestate from anaerobic fermented cattle slurry and plant materials on soil microbiota and fertility

Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/18948/2/18948.pdf

Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per.

Soil from the Højbakkegård experimental (BioConcens) field was amended with nothing (control), each of two anaerobic digested (AD) materials (mixture of AD cattle manure and maize, mixture of AD cattle manure and cut off grass-clover material), raw cattle manure, and grass-clover in five individual treat-ments. The materials were incorporated homogeneously into the soil and sampled destructively at 0, 1, 3 and 9 days after incorporation. Besides, experiments were performed to follow the turnover of these materials, measured as accumulated respiration over a longer period. Measures included available organic soil carbon (cold- and hot-water extractable), soil mineral nitrogen concentration, soil pH, accumulated respiration over a two-week period, emission...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18894/7/18894.pdf

Effects of bioethanol residues on the functional and genetic diversity of soil microbiota

Johansen, Anders; Stevenson, Bryan; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Regarding the use of residual material from bioethanol conversion, a series of experiments were performed. The work included two NZ soils from organic farming systems (Templeton and Ballantray, respectively) and treatments with three types of biomaterials: 1) residual material from bio-ethanol conversion (based on rye straw; 2) untreated rye straw; 3) grass-clover mixture - as well as a control with no amendment. The dried and ground biomaterials were supplied at 2 and 10 mg kg-1 dry soil, incubated in 1-L glass vials and harvested destructively after 3, 5 and 21 days. In this way, four experimental series were performed, each with three sequential harvests. The soil was analyzed for various microbial parameters: bacterial colony-forming units (not in all...

Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/16901/4/16901.pdf

Competitive ability of grain legume-barley intercrops towards volunteer crops and weeds

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Tranberg Nikolajsen, Jacob; Steen Jensen, Erik.

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) were either sole cropped or inter-cropped with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at two levels of nitrogen application to determine the effects of interspecific interaction in an intercrop and nitro-gen fertility on competitive ability towards volunteer crops - exemplified by red clover (Trifolium pratense). The dynamically change of competitive ability by intercropped species over time was shown to be im-portant in order to reduce opportunities for growth of volunteer crops and weeds

Et fremtidigt økologisk landbrug, som producerer fødevarer og energi, og samtidig bevarer eller ligefrem øger jordens frugtbarhed – men hvordan?

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/7474/1/Volonteer_pb_lb_proced_v4.pdf

Legumes for mitigation of climate change and feedstock in a bio-based economy - a review

For at sikre og muligvis øge integriteten af økologisk jordbrug er det vigtigt at reducere afhængigheden af fossile brændsler og mindske udledningen af drivhusgasser. Men produktion af bioenergi for øget selvforsyning ud fra lokale biologiske ressourcer og vedligeholdelse af jordens frugtbarhed betragtes af nogle økologer som uforenelige målsætninger. I forskningsprojektet BioConcens (Biomasse og produktion af bioenergi i økologisk jordbrug; www.bioconcens.elr.dk) udvikles og testes et nyt såkaldt stribedyrkningssystem til produktion af biomasseråvarer med samtidig sikring af jordens frugtbarhed. Stribedyrkningen er i BioConcens projektet designet med stor fokus på kulstofbalancer, klima og jordens frugtbarhed - også på det længere sigte. Grundtanken er,...

Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Crop combinations and interactions; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/18956/4/18956.pdf

Jensen, Erik S.; Peoples, Mark B.; Boddey, Robert M.; Gresshoff, Peter M.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Alves, Bruno J.R.; Morrison, Malcolm J..

Legumes are unique plants which contribute with several functions and services of great value for agriculture and society. Including legume food, forage and tree crops in farming systems is one approach to mitigate climate change. We have shown that the ability of the legumes to fix there own N via the symbiosis with rhizobia will reduce CO2 and N2O emissions compared to crops fertilized with industrial N. There is, however, a requirement to better understand the potential residual effects of legumes on N2O emissions. We have similarly shown that legumes have a key role in soilC sequestration and that the inclusion of legumes as sole crops, cover crops or intercrops usually enhances the rate of soil C accumulation even within relative short time periods....

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Recycling; Balancing and resource management Air and water emissions Greenhouses and coverings Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19655/4/19655.pdf

Consequences of agro-biofuel production for greenhouse gas emissions

Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.

Currently CO2 from fossil fuel combustion accounts for 57% of the global greenhouse gas emissions, whereas the strong greenhouse gases nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) contribute with 8% and 14%, respectively (IPCC, 2007). Agricultural activity is the dominant source of N2O, which is mainly associated with the use of nitrogen based fertilizers in agricultural production. Replacing fossil fuel-derived energy by biomass-derived energy is commonly and with increasing emphasis proposed as a mean to mitigate the CO2 emissions. However, a recent analysis of global emission data proposes that accelerated emissions of N2O associated with the production of biomass for bio-fuel purposes will outweigh the avoided emissions of fossil fuel-derived CO2 (Crutzen et...

Landbrugsafgrøder og leverandør af energi.

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover Recycling; Balancing and resource management Air and water emissions Composting and manuring.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/16179/1/16179.pdf

Why diversify annual biomass production for energy – exemplified by green house gas emissions from the Danish IBUS bioethanol production concept

Tipo: Teaching resource

Palavras-chave: Recycling; Balancing and resource management Technology transfer Biodiversity and ecosystem services Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://orgprints.org/18968/4/18968.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard; Jensen, Erik Steen.

There is a need for integrating the biomass starting point into the energy manufacturing steps. It will secure that bioenergy is produced with limited use of non-renewable fossil fuel to secure that in the application of biomass a net emission reduction of green house gasses take place along the whole chain. Intercropping, defined as the cultivation of two or more species simultaneously on the same area of land, is an traditional practice still widespread in the tropics and common in developed countries before the ‘fossilization’ of agriculture. This cropping strategy is based on the manipulation of plant interactions in time and space to optimize resource use and productivity. It is regarded as the practical application of basic ecological principles...

Biogasproduktionens effekter på parasitter, ukrudtsfrø og jordens mikroorganismer

Palavras-chave: Production systems; Greenhouses and coverings; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/16235/1/16235_ppt.pdf

Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Nielsen, Henrik Bangsø; Andreasen, Christian; Hansen, Christian M.; Carlsgart, Josefine; Roepstorff, Allan.

Stribedyrkning - nyt dyrkningskoncept for økologer?

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Health and welfare.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/18902/4/18902.pdf