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| Registros recuperados: 38 | |
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| Fan, Shenggen; Hazell, Peter B.R.. |
| Developing countries allocate scarce government funds to investments in rural areas to achieve the twin goals of agricultural growth and poverty alleviation. Choices have to be made between different types of investments, especially infrastructure, human capital and agricultural research, and between different types of agricultural regions, e.g., irrigated and high- and low-potential rainfed areas. This paper develops an econometric approach and provides empirical evidence on the impact of government investments in rural India using district-level data. While irrigated areas played a key role in agricultural growth during the Green Revolution era, our results show that it is now the rainfed areas, including many less-favored areas that offer the most... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42828 |
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| Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Adato, Michelle; Haddad, Lawrence James; Hazell, Peter B.R.. |
| Agricultural research has greatly increased the yields of important staple food crops, and for many people this has meant more food availability and trade opportunities. Yet many people in rural areas in developing countries still live in abject poverty. Therefore, policymakers, donors, and researchers are refocusing their priorities away from simply producing more food to making sure that agricultural research benefits the poor in particular. How can we ensure that new agricultural technologies are appropriate for the different groups of people who most need assistance? Furthermore, how can we assess whether these new technologies actually reduce poverty? This report provides valuable answers by synthesizing lessons learned from seven case studies from... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42566 |
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| Fan, Shenggen; Hazell, Peter B.R.. |
| Developing countries have to allocate limited government resources for rural areas among different investment activities and regions to achieve the twin goals of productivity growth and poverty alleviation. This is particularly important at a time when many countries are facing severe financial constraints. This paper develops a framework and provides empirical evidence on the impact of government investments in technology, irrigation, education and infrastructure on agricultural productivity growth and rural poverty reduction in rural India. The results reveal that government investments in more favored areas played significant roles during the green revolution period. But the marginal returns from additional government investments in these areas have... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16091 |
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| Hazell, Peter B.R.; Poulton, Colin; Wiggins, Steve; Dorward, Andrew. |
| The people operating small farms in developing countries have to cope with the risks of these small businesses and have long faced heavy challenges. Today, these challenges are particularly severe, and the aspirations of young people on small farms have changed. Globalization and the integration of international markets are stimulating intense competition, offering some opportunities but also new risks. In light of these pressures and others, many of the world’s millions of small farmers are simply not making it. Indeed, half of the world’s undernourished people, three-quarters of Africa’s malnourished children, and the majority of people living in absolute poverty live on small farms. The transformation of the small-farm economy is one of the biggest... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42254 |
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| Anderson, Jock R.; Dillon, John L.; Hazell, Peter B.R.; Cowie, A.J.; Wan, G.H.. |
| As part of a review of changing patterns of variability in cereal production around the world, the situation in Australia is examined both by major cereal crops and by State in which they are grown. The Australian results are generally consistent with those found in parts of both the industrial and developing world. There has been a tendency for production and especially yields to become both somewhat more variable as assessed by the dimension-free measure, the coefficient of variation, and more covariate between producing regions. The two post-World War II sub-periods examined are dominated, respectively, by tall (traditional) and short (modern) cultivars suggesting that there may be a causal link between cultivar used and relative yield variability. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1988 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12268 |
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| Abdulai, Awudu; Barrett, Christopher B.; Hazell, Peter B.R.. |
| Food aid remains significant for food availability in many low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa, helping to reduce the gap between food consumption needs and supply from domestic production and inventories and commercial imports. Food aid remains a contentious subject, however, and there have been many recent pleas for more effective use of the resource. This study explores how food aid might be used for domestic food market development to facilitate poverty alleviation and economic growth. There are obvious risks to using food aid for market development, just as there have been in using food aid to try to stimulate agricultural development. Because food aid necessarily expands local food supply, it needs to be well targeted if adverse producer price... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16170 |
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| Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Adato, Michelle; Haddad, Lawrence James; Hazell, Peter B.R.. |
| The extent to which agricultural research has reduced poverty has become an increasing concern of policymakers, donors, and researchers. Until recently, poverty reduction was a secondary goal of agricultural research. The primary focus was on increasing food supplies and reducing food prices, a strategy that was successful in increasing the yields of important food staples. When increased productivity is combined with increased agricultural employment, lower food prices, and increased off-farm employment, agricultural research can be credited with significant reductions in rural poverty. However, these benefits do not necessarily materialize, and thus it is essential to understand how agricultural technologies influence and are influenced by the diverse... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agricultural research; Sustainable livelihoods; Vulnerability; Agricultural extension; Bangladesh; China; India; Mexico; Kenya; Zimbabwe; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16088 |
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| McCulloch, Anna Knox; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Hazell, Peter B.R.. |
| This paper explores how institutions of property rights and collective action play a particularly important role in the application of technologies for agriculture and natural resource management. Those technologies with long time frames tend to require tenure security to provide sufficient incentives to adopt, while those that operate on a large spatial scale will require collective action to coordinate, either across individual private property or in common property regimes. In contrast to many crop technologies like high-yielding variety seeds or fertilizers, natural resource management technologies like agroforestry, watershed management, irrigation, or fisheries tend to embody greater and more varying temporal and spatial dimensions. Whereas the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42475 |
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| Delgado, Christopher L.; Hopkins, Jane; Kelly, Valerie A.; Hazell, Peter B.R.; McKenna, Anna A.; Gruhn, Peter; Hojjati, Behjat; Sil, Jayashree; Courbois, Claude B.. |
| The wide spread increase in rural purchasing power under the Green Revolution in Asia during the 1970s was key to increased rural employment and industrialization. Studies suggested that an extra dollar of agricultural income was typically associated with an additional $0.80 of nonagricultural income from local enterprises stimulated by the spending of farm house holds. Studies in Africa, where the Green Revolution was harder to discern, tended to be much more pessimistic. This report revisits these issues using especially detailed panel data sets on rural consumption and incomes, collected by IFPRI and collaborating national institutions for a variety of purposes during the mid to late 1980s in Burkina Faso, Niger, Senegal, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Results... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Africa; Sub- Saharan; Agriculture and state; International Development. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37908 |
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| Hazell, Peter B.R.; Misra, V.N.; Hojjati, Behjat. |
| Using time series data, this paper analyses the relative contributions of terms of trade and non-price variables in explaining agricultural growth in recent decades in India. Agricultural growth is largely explained by expansion of irrigation, (which in the model is also a proxy for HYVs and other capital investments), and, until the 1970s, by increases in the net cultivated area. Agricultural output is inelastic, and is becoming increasingly more so over time. The terms of trade was not an important factor in explaining past growth. Even during the late 1960s and early 1970s when the terms of trade improved by 18 percent for agriculture, they only accounted for 15 percent of the growth in output. Increases in agricultural output are also found to worsen... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42815 |
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| Fan, Shenggen; Hazell, Peter B.R.; Thorat, Sukhadeo. |
| Poverty in rural India has declined substantially in recent decades. The percentage of the rural population living below the poverty line fluctuated between 50 and 65 percent prior to the mid-1960s, but then declined steadily to about one-third of the rural population by the early 1990s. This steady decline in poverty was strongly associated with agricultural growth, particularly the green revolution, which in turn was a response to massive public investments in agriculture and rural infrastructure. Public investment in rural areas has also benefitted the poor through its impact on the growth of the rural nonfarm economy, and government expenditure on rural poverty and employment programs, which has grown rapidly, has directly benefitted the rural poor.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16071 |
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| Hazell, Peter B.R.; Chakravorty, Ujjayant; Dixon, John; Celis, Rafael. |
| The worsening degradation of natural resources urgently requires the adoption of more sustainable management practices. This need has led to growing interest and investment in monitoring systems for tracking the condition of natural resources. Although grounded in concepts of sustainability, the application of monitoring systems has progressed little beyond the identification and measurement of large numbers of potentially interesting indicators. Most monitoring activities are also passive and do not lead to the changes needed to rectify the problems they identify. Too often monitoring becomes an end in itself and an expensive claim on public funds. This study is concerned with the design of monitoring systems that have direct relevance for the management... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16119 |
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| Registros recuperados: 38 | |
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