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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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| Hartman, Darcy A.; Henderson, Dennis R.; Sheldon, Ian M.. |
| This paper analyzes the determinants of variation across industries in levels of intra-industry trade (IIT) for a sample of thirty-six U.S. processed food and beverage industries in 1987, previous studies of intra-industry trade having focused on industry characteristics in the manufacturing sectors. The determinants predicted by IIT theory are measures of product differentiation, economies of scale, and imperfect competition; the results of this analysis indicate that IIT variation across the food and beverage industries is positively related to product differentiation, economies of scope, and similarity of tariff barriers among trade partners, but negatively related to industry concentration. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31555 |
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| Henderson, Dennis R.; Sheldon, Ian M.. |
| Casual empiricism suggests that the international licensing of the production and marketing of branded food and related products may become an increasingly important aspect of the globalization of the food industry, particularly in sectors such as soft drinks, brewing and confectionery products. For example, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola both license the canning and distribution of their final products in overseas markets, Anheuser-Busch and Miller license production of various of their beer brands whilst Nestle chocolate products are manufactured under license in the United States by Hershey. The purpose of this paper is twofold; first, in Section 1 empirical evidence on the extent of international licensing is presented and evaluated. In particular, due to... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26487 |
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| Hartman, Darcy A.; Henderson, Dennis R.; Sheldon, Ian M.. |
| This paper analyzes the determinants of variation across industries in levels of intra-industry trade (IIT) for a sample of 36 U.S. processed food and beverage industries in 1987, previous studies of intra-industry trade having focused on industry characteristics in the manufacturing sectors. The determinants predicted by IIT theory are measures of product differentiation, economies of scale, and imperfect competition; the results of this analysis indicate that IIT variation across the food and beverage industries is positively related to product differentiation, U.S. total trade, similarity of tariff barriers among trade partners, and economies of scope, but negatively related to industry concentration. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26561 |
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| Brenes, Jose R.; Henderson, Dennis R.; Sheldon, Ian M.. |
| This study examines the impact on export sales of various promotional strategies for branded food products in foreign markets. It is an empirical analysis using data obtained from organizations that administer the High Value Export Incentive Program (HVEIP) for branded food products, part of USDA's Targeted Export Assistance (TEA) program and its successor, the Marketing Assistance Program (MAP). To respect the proprietary nature of the data, the identity of individual firms and brand names has been deleted and products have been combined into two groups: (1) consumer ready and (2) intermediate. Economic analysis reveals positive and statistically significant impacts of expenditures on television advertising and advertising in consumer-orientated print... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27180 |
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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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