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| Hendrickson, Mary K.; James, Harvey S., Jr.; Heffernan, William D.. |
| We consider the implications of trends in the number of U.S. farmers and food imports on the question of what role U.S. farmers have in an increasingly global agrifood system. Our discussion stems from the argument some scholars have made that American consumers can import their food more cheaply from other countries than it can produce it. We consider the distinction between U.S. farmers and agriculture and the effect of the U.S. food footprint on developing nations to argue there might be an important role for U.S. farmers, even if it appears Americans don’t need them. For instance, we may need to protect U.S. farmland and, by implication, U.S. farmers, for future food security needs both domestic and international. We also explore the role of U.S.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92642 |
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| Hendrickson, Mary K.; James, Harvey S., Jr.. |
| The industrialization of agriculture not only alters the ways in which agricultural production occurs, but also impacts the decisions farmers make in important ways. First, constraints created by the economic environment of farming limit what options a farmer has available to him. Second, because of the industrialization of agriculture and the resulting economic pressures it creates for farmers, the fact that decision are constrained creates new ethical challenges for farmers. Having fewer options when faced with severe economic pressures is a very different situation for farmers than having many options available. We discuss the implications of constrained choice and show that it increases the likelihood that farmers will consider unethical behavior. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26040 |
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| James, Harvey S., Jr.; Hendrickson, Mary K.. |
| In this paper we consider the question of whether middle-scale farmers, which we define as producers generating between $100,000 and $250,000 in sales annually, are better agricultural stewards than small and large-scale producers. Our study is motivated by the argument of some commentators that farmers of this class ought to be protected in part because of the unique attitudes and values they possess regarding what constitutes a “good farmer”. We present results of a survey of Missouri farmers designed to assess farmer attitudes and values regarding a variety of indicators of farmer stewardship, such as the most important issues in agriculture, environment and treatment of farm animals, perspectives on the past and future of agriculture, and ethical... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farmers of the middle; Good farmer; Agrarianism; Farmer attitudes and values; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92623 |
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| James, Harvey S., Jr.; Hendrickson, Mary K.. |
| We consider the effect of economic pressures on the ethical attitudes of farmers. We present a model to derive the hypothesis that an increase in the economic pressures a farmer faces will result in that farmer being more willing to justify or rationalize unethical conduct or to express attitudes more accommodating of unethical conduct than farmers not experiencing economic pressures. We use data from a survey of 3,000 Missouri farmers with farm sales in excess of $10,000 in 2005. In the survey farmers were asked how acceptable they considered various unethical farming practices. The survey also contained questions designed to measure economic pressures. We find small but statistically significant evidence that economic pressures result in a greater... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9942 |
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| Gray, Thomas W.; Heffernan, William D.; Hendrickson, Mary K.. |
| The context of agricultural cooperatives is undergoing major change with the development of various food and information monitoring technologies. Large multi-nationals have moved to take advantage of these developments with the construction of agri-food chains. These chains are being facilitated via various mergers, acquisitions, and alliances, with the power, and deepening power of such deep-pocket organizations as Cargill, ADM, and ConAgra. Cooperatives have been integrated into these chains for their core competencies, generally for their supply functions, and capacity to handle primary commodities. These direct links to the farmers serve as markets for biotechnology innovations, and as a source of raw material for later processing. Agricultural... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60884 |
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