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	Provedor de dados 31 (2) Autor Hoekman, Bernard (2) Braga, Carlos A.P. (1) Fink, Carsten (1) Gawande, Kishore (1) Palavra-chave F13 (2) International Relations/Trade (2) 019 (1) Agricultural and Food Policy (1) Agricultural and trade policy reforms (1) Agricultural price distortions (1) D72 (1) D78 (1) Distorted incentives (1) E-Commerce (1) F11 (1) F14 (1) FO2 (1) H23 (1) International Economic Order (1) L96 (1) National agricultural development (1) Political economy of trade policy (1) Q17 (1) Q18 (1) Mais... Tipo do documento Working or Discussion Paper (2) Ano 2009 (1) 2002 (1) País United States (2) Idioma Inglês (2)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 2 Primeira ... 1 ... Última Why Governments Tax or Subsidize Trade: Evidence from Agriculture 31 Gawande, Kishore; Hoekman, Bernard. This paper empirically explores the political-economic determinants of why governments choose to tax or subsidize trade in agriculture. We use a new data set on nominal rates of assistance (NRA) across a number of commodities spanning the last five decades for 64 countries. NRAs measure the effect on domestic (relative to world) price of the quantitative and price-based instruments used to regulate agricultural markets. The data set admits consideration of both taxes and subsidies on exports and imports. We find that both economic and political variables play important roles in determining the within-variation in the NRA data. Based on our results we offer a number of data-driven exploratory hypotheses that can inform future theoretical and empirical... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural price distortions; Political economy of trade policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18; D72; D78; F11; H23. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50300 Telecommunications-Related Services: Market Access, Deeper Integration and the WTO 31 Braga, Carlos A.P.; Fink, Carsten; Hoekman, Bernard. Liberalization and regulatory reform of telecom markets has emerged as a high profile policy issue. This paper analyzes how the multilateral system under the World Trade Organization can help developing countries in promoting their own information infrastructures. We focus on a specific "regime" issue that has attracted increasing attention in recent years: the extent to which the WTO should pursue a "deeper integration" agenda, using telecommunications and activities that rely heavily on telecommunications as a specific case. Die Liberalisierung und Reform der Telekommunikationsmärkte ist zu einem wichtigen politischen Thema geworden. Dieser Beitrag analysiert, wie das multilaterale System - unter der Welthandelsorganisation - Entwicklungsländern bei der... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: International Economic Order; Trade Negotiations; Telecommunications Services; E-Commerce; International Relations/Trade; FO2; F13; L96; 019. Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26288 Registros recuperados: 2 Primeira ... 1 ... Última

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