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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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| Injuk, J.; Van Grieken, R.; De Leeuw, G.. |
| The atmospheric input of up to 16 trace and other elements into the North Sea is further assessed from aerosol concentrations measured at a coastal station in Belgium, on ships during two cruises, and on a platform, in the years 1992-1994. The Slinn and Slinn model is used to calculate the dry deposition from the measured aerosol concentrations. The total (dry and wet) deposition into the North Sea environment is estimated to be (in tonnes per year): 560 for V, 1300 for Cr, 650 for Ni, 690 for Cu, 3500 for Zn and 1970 for Pb. The 'giant' particles dominate the fluxes. The atmospheric contribution to the total input into the North Sea, including riverine inputs and direct discharges, are estimated to be 28% for Cu, 29% for Zn and 57% for Pb. The inputs... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aerosols Experimental data Fallout Heavy metals Measurement Modelling ANE; North Sea. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=309 |
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| Treiger, B.; Injuk, J.; Bondarenko, I.; Van Espen, P.; Van Grieken, R.; Breitenbach, L.; Wätjen, U.. |
| A multivariate statistical evaluation technique, non-linear mapping, is proposed to extract information from a multielement microbeam proton-induced X-ray emission data set. Individual aerosol particles, collected in the North Sea troposphere, were classified according to their composition. Several groups of particles were identified and suggestions were made for their sources. |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2683 |
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| Injuk, J.; Van Malderen, H.; Van Grieken, R.; Swietlicki, E.; Knox, J.M.; Schofield, R.. |
| X-ray emission techniques for bulk and individual particle analysis (EDXRF, EPXMA, micro-PIXE) were combined and applied in atmospheric research on the North Sea area as part of a field-study on air-sea exchange processes of particulate matter. The atmospheric loading for a number of elements was determined by EDXRF, yielding bulk concentrations for Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, FE, Ni,Cu, Zn, BR and Sr. From these EDXRF data, deposition rates were derived and, based on a classical multivariate statistical approach, different aerosol sources were identified. Complementary to this work, EPXMA combined with automated image analysis was applied to individual size-segregated aerosol particles to determine their inorganic composition, physical size and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2711 |
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| Rojas, C.M.; Injuk, J.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Maenhaut, W.. |
| Over a period of eight months, a total of 26 atmospheric particulate matter samples were collected at the location of Tahiti and in other areas of French Polynesia, using a specially equipped sailboat. A 6-stage cascade impact or was used to separate aerosols in the following size classes: > 4,2-4, 1-2,0.5-1,0.25-0.5 and < 0.25 µm equivalent aerodynamic diameter. The resulting set of 156 size segregated aerosol samples was analyzed by particle-induced X-ray emission for 16 elements. This study deals with the concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, Sr and Pb. Enrichment factor calculations reveal that Na, Mg, S, A, K, Ca and Sr were little fractionated with respect to bulk sea water, whereas Al, Si, Ti, Mn and Fe... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aerosols Heavy metals Multivariate analysis Sedimentary environments ISE; French Polynesia. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=7134 |
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| Otten, P.; Injuk, J.; Van Grieken, R.. |
| Air sampling on a series of 10 cruises, spanning the whole area of the North Sea, yielded detailed spatial distributions of atmospheric concentrations of Al, Si, S, Cl, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb determined by EDXRF. A strong influence of the air mass history on the heavy metal concentrations was demonstrated for the whole sampling period of 5 years. Factor analysis performed on all samples collected with a stack filter unit resulted in the identification of three factors for the coarse particle fraction (sulphate particles with trace metals, sea salt particles and soil dust or metallurgic particles containing Fe) and four factors for the fine particle fraction (sea salt, sulphate with Pb and Zn), trace metal particles with Cu, Ni, Zn... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=3896 |
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| Injuk, J.; Van Grieken, R.. |
| A literature review of the atmospheric concentration rates and dry and wet deposition fluxes of particulate Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn to the North Sea and adjacent areas is given. The results of direct measurements of dry and wet deposition fluxes are compared to indirect estimates and to modelling values. This work points out the large uncertainties in results of different studies on atmospheric input of trace elements into the North Sea. The current knowledge about the dependence of the deposition velocity upon the particular size and about the processes controlling wet deposition fluxes, and the quality and completeness of the emission data are still adequate for describing the environmental cycle and impact of heavy metals in the North Sea. |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2981 |
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| Rojas, C.M.; Injuk, J.; Van Grieken, R.; Laane, R.W.P.M.. |
| During the period from September 1988 to October 1989, 23 sampling flights were carried out over the Southern Bight of the North Sea. In the campaign, both bulk and size-segregated airborne particulate matter samples were collected. Dry deposition velocities for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn have been estimated using a modified version of the two-layer of Slinn and Slinn and the particle size distribution obtained from size-fractionated samples. Results pointed out that the main difference between our results and those reported in the literature lies in the aerosol size distribution. Dry deposition rates calculated using these deposition velocities as a function of wind sector showed that continental air masses, particularly those associated with the wind sector west... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2745 |
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| Otten, P.; Injuk, J.; Rojas, C.; Van Grieken, R.. |
| The North Sea is being under loaded in many ways, both by organic and anorganic pollutants. Transport over rivers is the most evident way. Direct emission along the coastline and dumping of toxic materials by vessels are another two causes of pollution. Exploitation of oil and gas platforms also lead to operational emission of certain noxious substances. “Last but not least” a part of the pollutants also reach the North Sea through the atmosphere.This article specifically concerns the latter facet of North Sea Pollution. Both gaseous and particular material is being emitted in the atmosphere through incineration and other polluting processes. After physical dispersion and chemical transformation, these pollutants can end up in the sea through deposit... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2850 |
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| Injuk, J.; Otten, Ph.; Laane, R.W.P.M.; Maenhaut, W.; Van Grieken, R.. |
| In an effort to assess the atmospheric input of heavy metals to the Southern Bight of the North Sea, aircraft-based aerosol samplings in the lower troposphere were performed between September 1988 and October 1989. Total atmospheric particulate and size-differentiated concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were determined as a function of altitude, wind direction, air-mass history and season. The obtained data are compared with results of ship-based measurements carried out previously and with literature values of Cu, Pb and Zn, for the marine troposphere of the southern North Sea. The results point out the high variability of the concentrations with the meteorological conditions, as well as with time and location. The experimentally found particle size... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2810 |
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| Otten, P.; Injuk, J.; Van Grieken, R.. |
| Vertical profiles of SO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> concentrations were measured continuously within the lower atmosphere during 18 flights over the Southern Bight of the North Sea. The average SO<sub>2</sub> concentration below the temperature inversion layer ranged from 1.9 to 19.5 ppb. The highest levels were observed when the air masses came from the southeast-east and under variable wind sector conditions: 15.2 and 12.0 ppb, respectively. The highest SO<sub>2</sub> concentrations were found at altitudes between 100 and 200 m. The overall average O<sub>3</sub> concentration was 46 ppb, with values of 30-40 ppb at sea level to 60-70 ppb at altitudes above 100 m. Low O<sub>3</sub>... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=2648 |
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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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