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Registros recuperados: 12
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Who Benefits from Quality Labelling? Segregation Costs, International Trade and Producer Outcomes AgEcon
Jackson, Lee Ann.
This paper analyses the impact of quality based labelling on product prices, factor allocation and the resulting effects on producers within the context of an international trading system. A general equilibrium model, calibrated to 1998 data, describes United States and European Union labelling regimes for genetically modified agricultural products. The results indicate that the labelling choice of trade partners have large distributive impacts within national economies, as well as across countries and highlight the importance of using general equilibrium framework to understand the system wide impacts of labelling policies that differentiate products based upon quality characteristics. These results are essential for policy makers seeking to understand...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labelling; International trade; Political economy; General equilibrium; Biotechnology.; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Political Economy.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57897
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LABELING, TRADE AND GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS (GMOS): A PROPOSED SOLUTION AgEcon
Runge, C. Ford; Jackson, Lee Ann.
The purpose of this brief article is to assess the current controversy over Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) in agriculture and its potential implications for the global trading system. More importantly, it offers a solution to the serious potential for injury to this system, to be developed below. The remainder of this article is divided into three sections. The next section will discuss labeling of GMO agricultural products, distinguishing between issues of food products and those affecting seed. Next, it will argue in favor of a particular type of "negative" label ("this product contains no GMOs") as distinct from a "positive" label ("this product may contain GMOs"). This proposal draws on the U.S. experience in the dairy sector with milk...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14402
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Differing U.S. and European Perspectives on GMOs: Political, Economic and Cultural Issues AgEcon
Runge, C. Ford; Bagnara, Gian Luca; Jackson, Lee Ann.
This paper provides an overview of the historical and cultural factors that have contributed to divergent U.S. and European views on GMOs, and to resulting different national regulatory approaches for these products, specifically labelling policy. Within the context of the international trading system, these national policy choices will have impacts that will spill over national borders. Dialogue may be difficult to achieve, given widely divergent views concerning GMOs; however, without dialogue potential global social benefits of policy harmonization will be forfeited.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Culture; Harmonization; Labelling; Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23874
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NONDEGRADING LAND USE STRATEGIES FOR TROPICAL HILLSIDES AgEcon
Jackson, Lee Ann; Scherr, Sara J..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16382
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WHY ARE US AND EU POLICIES TOWARD GMOs SO DIFFERENT? AgEcon
Jackson, Lee Ann; Anderson, Kym.
The development of genetically modified (GM) agricultural products requires new policies to manage potential food safety and environmental risks. The policy positions taken to date on GM foods by the United States and the European Union are very different. The US has few restrictions on production and trade in GM food products and no costly labelling requirements, whereas the EU has close to a ban on the production and importation of GM foods. This paper seeks to explain (a) why both the US and EU policies are extreme in the light of the uncertainty about the risks associated with GM foods, (b) what their consequences are for income distribution and trade in farm products, and (c) what it means for the GM policies and economic welfare of people in other...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Genetically modified crops; Trade barriers; Productivity growth; Political economy of agricultural protection; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57898
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Designing Policy Research on Local Organizations in Natural Resource Management AgEcon
Scherr, Sara J.; Buck, Louise; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Jackson, Lee Ann.
As policy research on natural resource management (NRM) evolves, new priorities are emerging related to the strategy, design and implementation of policies to support local organizations (LOs) as managers of natural resources. However, research on policies affecting LOs is at a very early stage, with no accepted body of indicators, methodologies and conceptual approaches, and little documentation or critique of the research methods that have been used. To address this gap, and to lay the basis for a future program of comparative research, IFPRI, CIFOR and ODI co-sponsored an international workshop in October 1994, with experts from different disciplines and different resource domains. This synthesis paper highlights and further explores the discussions and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42804
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GM food technology abroad and its implications for Australia and New Zealand AgEcon
Anderson, Kym; Jackson, Lee Ann.
The potential economic benefits from agricultural biotechnology adoption by ANZ need to be weighed against any likely loss of market access abroad for crops that may contain genetically modified (GM) organisms. This paper uses the global GTAP model to estimate effects of other countries' GM policies without and with ANZ farmers adopting GM varieties of various grains and oilseeds. The benefits to ANZ from adopting GM crops under a variety of scenarios are positive even in the presence of the ban on imports from GM-adopting countries by the EU (but not if East Asia also applied such a ban).
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; GMOs; Regulation; Trade policy; Computable general equilibrium; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C68; D58; F13; O3; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58365
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AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF AGRICULTURAL LABELING POLICY HARMONIZATION IN INTERNATIONAL TRADING SYSTEMS AgEcon
Jackson, Lee Ann.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26012
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AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND THE PRIVATIZATION OF GENETIC INFORMATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR INNOVATION AND EQUITY AgEcon
Jackson, Lee Ann.
Changes in intellectual property rights systems have lead to the privatization of genetic resources and subsequently to the proliferation of new agricultural biotechnology products. Since these innovations have the potential to increase agricultural production while limiting environmental degradation, the benefits from these technologies could be far-reaching. However, while intellectual property rights are intended to encourage innovation in the private sector, private sector domination of the development of new products may skew the distribution of benefits away from marginally productive agricultural areas where poorer communities live. The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the tension between the public goals of encouraging innovative use...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14365
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STANDARDS, TRADE AND PROTECTION: THE CASE OF GMOS AgEcon
Anderson, Kym; Jackson, Lee Ann.
A global economy-wide model (GTAP) is used to go beyond estimating how GM crop variety adoption affects adopting and non-adopting economies, with or without policy responses to this technology, by indicating effects also on real incomes of farmers. The results suggest the EU moratorium on imports of GM food helps EU farmers even though it requires them to forego the productivity boost they could receive from the new biotechnology. An upper-bound estimate of the cost of that EU moratorium to developing countries and the world also is provided.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20282
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GM crop technology and trade restraints: economic implications for Australia and New Zealand AgEcon
Anderson, Kym; Jackson, Lee Ann.
How much might the potential economic benefit from enhanced farm productivity associated with crop biotechnology adoption by Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) be offset by a loss of market access abroad for crops that may contain genetically modified (GM) organisms? This paper uses the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model to estimate effects of other countries’ GM policies without and with ANZ farmers adopting GM varieties of various grains and oilseeds. The gross economic benefits to ANZ from adopting GM crops under a variety of scenarios could be positive even if the strict controls on imports from GM-adopting countries by the European Union are maintained, but not if North-East Asia also applied such trade restaints. From those gross economic...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Computable general equilibrium; Genetically modified organisms; Regulation; Trade policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118502
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HARMONIZING INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS: THE SPS AGREEMENT AND THE "THREE SISTERS" (PowerPoint Presentation) AgEcon
Jackson, Lee Ann.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32854
Registros recuperados: 12
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