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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing; Nagarajan, Hari K.. |
| Although opinions on impacts of land market transfers are sharply divided, few studies explore the welfare- and productivity impact of land markets on a larger scale. We use a large Indian panel spanning almost 20 years, together with a climatic shock (rainfall) indicator, to assess the productivity- and equity-impact of market-mediated land transfers (sale and purchase) as compared to non-market ones (inheritance). While frequent shocks increase land market activity, an effect that is mitigated by presence of safety nets and banks- land sales markets improved productivity and helped purchasers, many of them formerly landless, to accumulate non-land assets and significantly enhance their welfare. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9824 |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing. |
| While recent studies point towards the importance of institutions, in particular secure property rights, as key determinants of economic growth, options to foster institutional change to make property rights more secure are not well understood. Data from 800 villages all over China on the effectiveness with which a law aiming to increase households' tenure security -at the expense of local leaders' powers to reallocate or expropriate land without adequate compensation- provides an opportunity to identify such factors. Using illegal land reallocations and low compensation payments for expropriated land to identify lack of effective institutional change, we find that the impact of property rights reform is contingent on the institutional constraints imposed... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21465 |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing. |
| Impact and desirability of land transfers in post-socialist transition economies have been subject to considerable debate. We use data from Vietnam to identify factors conducive to the development of land markets and to assess potentially differential impacts of rental and sales. Results show that both rental and sales transfer land to more productive producers but that rental is more important for the poor to access land that becomes available as the non-farm economy develops. The fact that secure land rights significantly increase supply of land to the rental market suggests that government has a key role in facilitating emergence and functioning of efficiency-enhancing land markets. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19359 |
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| Tang, Sai; Guan, Zhengfei; Jin, Songqing. |
| Credit markets are an essential economic institution. In developing countries, particularly in countries undergoing rapid social and economic transition, it is important to identify emerging credit demand and institute credit supply in a timely manner to facilitate economic transformation. This research focuses on the evolving rural credit market in China, where borrowing from the social network has been common but the recent economic transition has made this informal credit market inadequate in addressing rural credit needs. This research is aimed at identifying the social and economic factors that explain the farmers’ credit constraint and influence farmers’ decisions to switch from informal to formal credit markets. Using data from a household survey,... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Formal Credit; Informal Credit; Credit Markets; Rural Credit; China; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61339 |
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| Jin, Songqing; Deininger, Klaus W.; Sur, Mona. |
| We use a survey of small rural enterprises from Sri Lanka to demonstrate quantitatively the economic importance of this sector and to identify participants' characteristics and obstacles to the sector's expansion and productivity. Value added in the rural non-farm sector is estimated to amount to 80% of agricultural GDP and mean incomes for those having a rural enterprise to be about double of those who do not. Barriers to entry appear to be low and the impact of non-farm enterprise development on inequality modest and temporary, implying the potential for the sector to make a significant contribution to growth and poverty reduction. At the same time, infrastructure constraints (but not regulatory obstacles) pose a formidable barrier to startup of new... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19280 |
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| Sundaram-Stukel, Reka; Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing. |
| We use a survey of small rural enterprises from Tanzania to demonstrate quantitatively the economic importance of this sector and to identify participants' characteristics and obstacles to the sector's expansion and productivity. In stark contrast to most of the findings for the formal sector where taxation and other regulatory constraints were identified as key constraints in most of the countries, infrastructure constraints (but not regulatory obstacles) pose a formidable barrier to rural households' participation in rural non-farm and to investment and increased productivity by existing ones. The fact that such constraints emerge as particularly harmful for small enterprises suggests that policies to improve delivery of the public services in question... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21165 |
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| Jin, Songqing; Deininger, Klaus W.; Nagarajan, Hari K.. |
| Recognition of the potentially deleterious implications of high inequality of opportunity due to a biased asset distribution has led to increased interest in land reforms. However, little attention has been devoted to the potential longer-term impacts of the measures used to implement such reforms, despite evidence that, the restrictions on land rental in rural areas they imply can have potentially far-reaching consequences. Use of state level data on rental restrictions, in conjunction with a nationally representative survey from India suggests that, contrary to their original intention, rental restrictions significantly reduce supply of land to the rental market, prevent land access by the landless, and by more productive producers. Ways to counter these... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21305 |
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| Jin, Songqing; Deininger, Klaus W.. |
| While the importance of land rental for overall economic development has long been recognized in theory, empirical evidence on the productivity and equity impact of such markets and the extent to which they realize their potential has been scant. Representative data from China's nine most important agricultural provinces illustrate the impact of rental markets on households' economic strategies, their welfare, and productivity of land use at the plot level. While there are positive impacts in each of these dimensions, transaction costs constrain participation by many producers, thus preventing rental markets from attaining their full potential. Factors that increase transaction costs are identified, together with a rough estimate of the productivity- and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9932 |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing; Yadav, Vandana. |
| While land reform has been the subject of considerable scholarly debate, most of the analyses have been at the aggregate level and focused on rather short-term effects. We use a listing of more than 90,000 households in some 200 villages in West Bengal to highlight the impact of the state's 1978 land reform program on human capital accumulation and current productivity of land use. While we ascertain a highly significant positive effect on long-term accumulation of human capital, our analysis also suggests that, partly because land that had been received through land reform is still operated under share tenancy arrangements, productivity on such land is significantly lower than the average. The combination of lower productivity of reform land relative to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6277 |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing; Yadav, Vandana. |
| Land reforms in India were aimed at securing access to land for poor rural households. We use data from West Bengal to highlight the impact of the state’s 1978 land reform program on human capital accumulation within the beneficiary households. The results from the study indicate that reform positively impacted the decision to invest in education. We ascertain a highly significant positive effect on long-term accumulation of human capital, and find that the size of benefit was modest in first generation and much larger for second generation beneficiaries. The second generation also does not have a gender bias, allowing women to catch up in their levels of education. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Human Capital; Impact Evaluation; Land Reforms; International Development. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49969 |
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| Jin, Songqing; Alston, Julian M.; Rozelle, Scott; Huang, Jikun. |
| Faced with the task of reorganizing the largest agricultural research system in the world, officials in China are developing a strategy for reform. This paper investigates economies of scale and scope and other potential sources of improvements in the economic efficiency of crop breeding, an industry at the heart of the nation's food economy. Using a panel data set covering 46 wheat and maize breeding institutes from 1981 to 2000, we estimate both single output and multiple output cost functions for the production of new varieties at China's wheat and maize breeding institutes. Our descriptive and analytical results indicate strong economies of scale, along with small to moderate economies of scope related to the joint production of new wheat and maize... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22088 |
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| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
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