SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen; Carter, Mette S.; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.

In contrast to energy technologies like solar and wind, energy in the form of biomass can be stored and bioenergy produced when needed using a wide range of technologies. However, a substantial rise in the use of biomass for energy is expected, which means additional pressure on farmland sustainability. Organic agriculture (OA) is facing a big challenge producing bioenergy from local resources and on the same time maintaining soil fertility. There is a clear goal to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and thereby decrease greenhouse gas emissions, but the question is how to reach it? In a four year ICROFS (www.icrofs.org) project titled “BioConcens” (www.bioconcens.elr.dk/uk/) one objective is to design and test a strip intercropping concept. Strip...

Effects of digestate from anaerobic fermented cattle slurry and plant materials on soil microbiota and fertility

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/18950/3/18950_paper.pdf

Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per.

Soil from the Højbakkegård experimental (BioConcens) field was amended with nothing (control), each of two anaerobic digested (AD) materials (mixture of AD cattle manure and maize, mixture of AD cattle manure and cut off grass-clover material), raw cattle manure, and grass-clover in five individual treat-ments. The materials were incorporated homogeneously into the soil and sampled destructively at 0, 1, 3 and 9 days after incorporation. Besides, experiments were performed to follow the turnover of these materials, measured as accumulated respiration over a longer period. Measures included available organic soil carbon (cold- and hot-water extractable), soil mineral nitrogen concentration, soil pH, accumulated respiration over a two-week period, emission...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18894/7/18894.pdf

Consequences of agro-biofuel production for greenhouse gas emissions

Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.

Currently CO2 from fossil fuel combustion accounts for 57% of the global greenhouse gas emissions, whereas the strong greenhouse gases nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) contribute with 8% and 14%, respectively (IPCC, 2007). Agricultural activity is the dominant source of N2O, which is mainly associated with the use of nitrogen based fertilizers in agricultural production. Replacing fossil fuel-derived energy by biomass-derived energy is commonly and with increasing emphasis proposed as a mean to mitigate the CO2 emissions. However, a recent analysis of global emission data proposes that accelerated emissions of N2O associated with the production of biomass for bio-fuel purposes will outweigh the avoided emissions of fossil fuel-derived CO2 (Crutzen et...

Hvad har jordens kvalitet med klodens klima at gøre? Klimaændringer og landbrug – hvordan hænger det sammen?

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover Recycling; Balancing and resource management Air and water emissions Composting and manuring.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/16179/1/16179.pdf

Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S..

Generel introduktion til menneskeskabte klimaeffekter med fokus på landbrugets udledning af drivhusgasser og hvordan disse problemer kan afhjælpes vha. biogas produktion i kombination med recyling af næringsstoffer. Resulater fra BIOCONCENS (jordkvalitet og CO2 udledning) blev præsenteret.

Tipo: Teaching resource

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18903/4/18903.pdf

Microbial biomass, microbial diversity, soil carbon storage, and stability after incubation of soil from grass–clover pastures of different age

Müller-Stöver, Dorette; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Eriksen, Jørgen; Ambus, Per; Johansen, Anders.

A laboratory incubation study with clover grass pasture soils of seven different ages (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 16 production years) was carried out to determine initial soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks and potentials for greenhouse gas emissions (N2O and CO2). Compared with the soil from the recently established pasture, an increase of total soil C and N was observed along with pasture age. Greenhouse gas emissions were low and not significantly different among the soils from younger pastures (0–5 years), but especially N2O emissions increased markedly in the soil from 16-year-old grass–clover. Low emissions might mainly be due to an early C limitation occurring in the soils from younger pastures, which was also corroborated by decreasing levels of...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general Composting and manuring Recycling; Balancing and resource management Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://orgprints.org/20915/7/20915.pdf

Anaerobic digestion as a tool to eliminate animal parasites and weed seeds

Johansen, Anders; Hansen, Christian M.; Andreasen, Christian; Carlsgart, Josefine; Nielsen, Henrik Bangsø; Roepstorff, Allan.

Anaerobic digestion of residual materials from animals and crops offers an opportunity to simultaneously produce bioenergy and plant fertilizers at single farms and in farm communities where input substrate materials and resulting digested residues are shared among member farms. A surplus benefit from this praxis may be the suppressing of propagules from harmful biological pest like animal parasites, pathogens, and weed seeds. In the BIOCONCENS project (http://www.icrofs.dk/Sider/Forskning/foejoIII_bioconcens.html) batch experiments were performed, where survival of six species of weeds and the pigs large roundworm Ascaris suum (non-embryonated eggs) was assessed under conditions similar to biogas plants managed at meso- (37°C) and thermophilic (50°C)...

Effects of bioethanol residues on the functional and genetic diversity of soil microbiota

Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Health and welfare.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18901/4/18901.pdf

Johansen, Anders; Stevenson, Bryan; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Regarding the use of residual material from bioethanol conversion, a series of experiments were performed. The work included two NZ soils from organic farming systems (Templeton and Ballantray, respectively) and treatments with three types of biomaterials: 1) residual material from bio-ethanol conversion (based on rye straw; 2) untreated rye straw; 3) grass-clover mixture - as well as a control with no amendment. The dried and ground biomaterials were supplied at 2 and 10 mg kg-1 dry soil, incubated in 1-L glass vials and harvested destructively after 3, 5 and 21 days. In this way, four experimental series were performed, each with three sequential harvests. The soil was analyzed for various microbial parameters: bacterial colony-forming units (not in all...

Relating N2O emissions from energy crops to the avoided fossil fuel-derived CO2 – a study on bioethanol and biogas produced from organically managed maize, rye, vetch and grass-clover

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/16901/4/16901.pdf

Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Thomsen, Sune T.; Heiske, Stefan; Jensen, Morten; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.

Field emissions of N2O during cultivation of bioenergy crops may counterbalance a considerable part of the avoided fossil CO2 emissions that are achieved by fossil fuel displacement.

Evaluation of strip intercropping concept with grass-clover and maize strips to produce biomass for bioenergy

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/18329/4/18329.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Ambus, Per; Jensen, Erik Steen.

To enhance integrity of organic farming it is important not only to deliver high quality food products to a growing market but also to include strategies to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels and decrease total greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, the increased use of perennials within traditionally more annual-based rotations may gain significant importance. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a strip cropping strategy combining intercropping of a grass-clover based perennial forage crop mixture (soil fertility building (SFB) crop) and maize in strips on the biomass productivity per land area and to determine interactions between strip border rows and associated mechanisms responsible for a potentially improved resource use...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general Crop combinations and interactions Composting and manuring Recycling; Balancing and resource management Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19008/4/19008.pdf

Biogasproduktionens effekter på parasitter, ukrudtsfrø og jordens mikroorganismer

Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Nielsen, Henrik Bangsø; Andreasen, Christian; Hansen, Christian M.; Carlsgart, Josefine; Roepstorff, Allan.

Annual maize and perennial grass-clover strip cropping to produce biomass for bioenergy – within an organic farming approach

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Health and welfare.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/18902/4/18902.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Ambus, Per; Jensen, Erik Steen.

A field experiment was carried out including alternating perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) – clover (Trifolium repens + Trifolium pretense L.) pasture mix with annual maize (Zea mays L.). Maize was established after soil incorporation of a 1st-year grass-clover in a 6-m wide strip, whereas grass-clover was established without incorporating the 1st-year grass-clover in an equivalent 6-m wide strip. This resulted in an early interspecific competitive advantage for the perennial strip and when growing maize in close proximity to grass-clover total dry matter production was reduced with about 50% compared to >150 cm distance. However, it was partly compensated by greater yields by especially the 50-100 cm harvest. In contrast there was no significant...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general Crop combinations and interactions Composting and manuring Recycling; Balancing and resource management Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://orgprints.org/20914/7/20914.pdf

Effects of digestate from anaerobic digested cattle slurry and plant materials on soil microbiota and fertility

Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per.

Anaerobic digestion of animal manure and crop residues may be employed to produce biogas as a climate-neutral source of energy to provide fertilizers which allow recycling of plant nutrients on the farm. However, compared to fertilizing with the pristine input materials (e.g. raw animal slurry or plant residues), the effect on soil microbiota and soil fertility may be impacted due to the increased content of mineral nitrogen (N) and decreased amount of organic carbon (C); an issue of concern in especially organic farming systems. An incubation study was performed where 1) water, 2) raw cattle slurry, 3) anaerobically digested cattle slurry + maize, 4) anaerobically digested cattle slurry + grass-clover, or 5) fresh grass-clover was applied to soil at...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/20446/4/20446.pdf

Soil carbon storage and stability after soil incorporation of grass-clover pastures of different age

Müller-Stöver, Dorette; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Eriksen, Jørgen; Ambus, Per; Johansen, Anders.

A laboratory incubation study with clover grass pasture soils of six different ages (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 16 production years) was carried out to determine initial soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks and their effects on initial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (N2O and CO2) after soil incorporation of the grass-clover pastures. Compared to the soil from the recently established pasture, a significant increase of total soil C and N was observed after 2 years, which was generally increasing with pasture age. GHG emissions were not significantly different among the soils from younger pastures (0 to 5 years), but especially N2O emissions increased markedly in the soil from 16-year old grass-clover. This might mainly be due to an early carbon limitation...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general Composting and manuring Recycling; Balancing and resource management Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18978/4/18978.pdf

Råtnerest er under test

Serikstad, Grete Lene; Løes, Anne-Kristin; Dörsch, Peter; Hansen, Sissel; Johansen, Anders; Pommeresche, Reidun; Riley, Hugh; Rivedal, Synnøve.

Utråtning av husdyrgjødsel ved produksjon av biogass kan på sikt gjøre gården mindre avhengig av fossil energi. Råtneresten har mer lett tilgjengelig nitrogen, færre ugrasfrø og synker raskere ned i jorda enn ubehandlet husdyrgjødsel. Men vi vet lite om effekten av råtnerest på jordliv og humus.

URL: http://orgprints.org/30192/1/%C3%98kologisk%20landbruk%203%202013%20R%C3%A5tnerest.pdf

Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2013

Restmaterialer fra bio-energiproduktion - kan de tilbageføres til marken?

Johansen, Anders; Hansen, Christian M.; Carter, Mette S..

Efluents from biogas production may be recycled to soil as plant nutrition. However, the proportion of plant-available nitrogen is high and may cause loss due to leaching or gaseous emissions. Hence, such waste stream materials must be applied with care to ensure maximum plant uptake to minimize loss. Spread of weed seeds via application of biogas effluents is only a problem when the digestion is performed at mesophilic conditions and when the seeds are staying less than a week in the plant. At thermophilic conditions, seeds from a range of weed plant were unable to germinate efter just a few days.

Restprodukter fra bioenergi er velegnet som gødning

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Weed management; Soil quality; Health and welfare; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/16902/1/16902.pdf

Johansen, Anders.

Experiments indicate that de-gassed residues from biogas production can be re-cycled to the field and constitute a good source of plant fertilizer. However, due to a high content of readily available nitrogen, application must be carefully timed with plant growth to prevent nitrogen loss. Long-term consequences for soil fertility should be studied further.

Field emissions of N2O during biomass production may affect the sustainability of agro-biofuels

Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Soil biology; Denmark; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/16874/1/16874.pdf

Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Heiske, Stefan; Thomsen, Sune T.; Jensen, Morten; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.

Field emissions of N2O during cultivation of bioenergy crops may counterbalance a considerable part of the avoided fossil CO2 emissions that are achieved by fossil fuel displacement

Consequences of field N2O emissions for the environmental sustainability of plant-based biofuels produced within an organic farming system

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18332/4/18332.pdf

Økologisk bioenergi og jordkvalitet

Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Heiske, Stefan; Jensen, Morten; Thomsen, Sune T.; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.

One way of reducing the emissions of fossil fuel-derived carbon dioxide (CO2) is to replace fossil fuels with biofuels produced from agricultural biomasses or residuals. However, cultivation of soils results in emission of other greenhouse gasses (GHGs), especially nitrous oxide (N2O). Previous studies showed that field emissions of N2O may contribute significantly to total GHG emissions during biofuel production. Furthermore, N2O may counterbalance a considerable part of the global warming reduction, which is achieved by fossil fuel displacement. In the present study, we related measured field emissions of N2O to the reduction in fossil fuel-derived CO2, which was obtained when agricultural biomasses were used for biofuel production. The analysis included...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Nutrient turnover Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://orgprints.org/20905/10/20905.pdf

Johansen, Anders.

Mange aktiviteter i landbruget anvender fossil energi. Dette også er tilfældet i økologisk jordbrug, selvom det er en del af det økologiske tankegods, at bedriften kan klare sit energibehov ved bæredygtig lokal energiproduktion. I det lys undersøger vi i FØJO-projekt (BIOCONCENS), hvordan husdyrgødning, plantebiomasse samt eventuelle andre organiske materialer fra følgeindustrier kan bruges som input til produktion af biogas og bioethanol. I laboratorie- og markforsøg tilbageføres restmaterialer fra biogas- og bioethanolproduktion til jorden som plantegødning. Mikrobielle og fysiske parametre detekteres og bruges som indikatorer for hvordan jordens kvalitet og fertilitet påvirkes af de forskellige bioenergi-restmaterialer.

Turnover of bioethanol residues in soil and effects on soil microbiota

Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Farm nutrient management; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Composting and manuring.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://orgprints.org/13544/1/13544.pdf

Johansen, Anders; Stevenson, Bryan; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Regarding the use of residual material from bioethanol conversion, a series of experiments were performed in collaboration with Landcare Research in NZ. The work included two NZ soils from organic farming systems (Templeton and Ballantray, respectively) and treatments with three types of biomaterials: 1) residual material from bio-ethanol conversion (based on rye straw; 2) untreated rye straw; 3) grass-clover mixture - as well as a control with no amendment. The dried and ground biomaterials were supplied at 2 and 10 mg kg-1 dry soil, incubated in 1-L glass vials and harvested destructively after 3, 5 and 21 days. In this way, four experimental series were performed, each with three sequential harvests. The soil was analyzed for various microbial...