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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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| Just, Richard E.; Zilberman, David. |
| Intrasectoral issues have received relatively little attention in analysis of the distributional consequences of natural resource policy decisions. This paper presents a framework for such analysis and examines how intrasectoral issues can change intertemporally, focusing on water policy in agriculture. The results show that income distribution among farmers depends on the stochastic structure of production and marketing, the size distribution of farms, credit market imperfections, and risk aversion in farmer decisions. It is shown that the introduction of water conservation policies may lead to more equitable income distribution among farmers. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32306 |
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| Huffman, Wallace E.; Just, Richard E.. |
| The United States has developed a very successful R&D system for agriculture. It is a system with shared cost/financing and performance by the federal and state governments and by the private sector. The paper presents an economic analysis of alternative organization, management, incentive, and funding mechanisms for agricultural research under budget constraints, including some emphasis on the kinds of benefits that are generated and the groups that receive them. We conclude that the private sector should be permitted to carry out research that it finds profitable to undertake with minimal competition from the public sector. The public research institutions should focus on general and pretechnology science programs that complement private R&D... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research; R&D; Funding; Innovations; Science; Agriculture; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18259 |
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| Huffman, Wallace E.; Just, Richard E.. |
| This paper examines efficiency implications of national and local policies for fund allocation and management of agricultural research, which produce pure and impure public goods. The possibility is examined that competitive grants programs increase rent seeking activities by scientists relative to specific block grants or formula allocations and thereby reduce both the real resources available to produce traditional research outputs and the productivity with which research resources are used. Management of local research units, including advantages of incentive compatible contracts, is also considered. Additional conceptual and empirical work are needed before the issues are resolved. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18240 |
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| Just, Richard E.; Zilberman, David. |
| Politicians dealing with the "farm problem" sometimes lament that output increases when prices go up and when prices go down. This article presents three possible theoretical explanations. In the first, farmers deplete soil (over-farm) when prices are low and imperfect capital markets prevent borrowing. In the second, farmers in financial stress (low prices) allocate more family labor to farming to meet debt-repayment constraints. In the third, wealth held in farmland tends to decline as prices decline. With decreasing absolute risk aversion, this increases risk aversion which, in extreme cases, causes negative supply response. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30945 |
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| Rausser, Gordon C.; Zilberman, David; Just, Richard E.. |
| The paper introduces a framework for analyzing the impacts of land control programs on agricultural production under heterogenous land qualities, heterogenous production technologies and imperfect capital markets. It shows that the introduction of diversion programs tends to benefit land owners while harming operators. Moreover, it tends to increase the separation of land ownership and operation and increase concentration among operators. Diversion programs tend to raise land prices lass than proportional to the increases in rental rates. They encourage the adoption of yield increasing technologies, and may also encourage adoption of cost reducing technologies when credit is a binding constraint. Participation in voluntary government programs tends to... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32138 |
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| Just, Richard E.; Gilligan, Daniel O.. |
| Failure of integrability is shown to cause path-dependence of willingness-to-pay measures of welfare change. Using the linear expenditure system, effects of failure of integrability are negligible (substantial) for estimating income (price) elasticities. For single price changes, Hausman's approach to calculating willingness to pay from ordinary demands becomes subject to excessive errors of estimation. For multiple price changes, calculations of willingness to pay become path dependent. The empirical approach of Vartia to calculation of willingness to pay for multiple price changes thus involves an arbitrary choice of path. Furthermore, the Willig results justifying consumer surplus approximation fail. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20814 |
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| Just, Richard E.. |
| In this paper the current state of supply modelling in agriculture is reviewed. It is argued that (I) the stock of knowledge of elasticities is depreciating, (2) historical estimates are misleading because many phenomena are confounded in few parameters, (3) available data are not being efficiently exploited, and (4) a proliferation of hypotheses is leading to an inability to discriminate in an appropriately comprehensive context. The latter problem is leading to an inability to do forward-looking analyses. Several suggestions are made for dealing with these problems that involve some relaxation of the standard of objectivity which in reality is unattainable in many kinds of practical applied work. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10322 |
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| Pope, Rulon D.; Just, Richard E.. |
| Risky production functions which are commonly in use are shown to be very restrictive. In particular, such functions cannot describe technologies where inputs marginally reduce risk. A simple production function which avoids these restrictions is posited and alternative estimation procedures are discussed. Both maximum likelihood and multistage estimators are discussed. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Production Economics. |
| Ano: 1977 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22481 |
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| Just, Richard E.. |
| Constraints on production economic research are examined in three dimensions: problem focus, methodology, and data availability. Data availability has played a large role in the choice of problem focus and explains some misdirected focus. A proposal is made to address the data availability constraint. The greatest self-imposed constraints are methodological. Production economics has focused on flexible representations of technology at the expense of specificity in preferences. Yet some of the major problems faced by decision makers relate to long-term problems, e.g., the commodity boom and ensuring debt crisis of the 1970s and 1980s where standard short-term profit maximization models are unlikely to capture the essence of decision maker concerns. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Production Economics. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31296 |
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| Just, Richard E.; Rausser, Gordon C.. |
| The lens used by the courts and much of the antitrust literature on predatory selling and/or buying is based on partial equilibrium methodology. We demonstrate that such methodology is unreliable for assessments of predatory monopoly or monopsony conduct. In contrast to the typical two-stage dynamic analysis involving a predation period followed by a recoupment period, we advance a general equilibrium analysis that demonstrates the critical role of related industries and markets. Substitutability versus complementarity of both inputs and outputs is critical. With either monopolistic or monopsonistic market power (but not both), neither predatory overselling nor predatory overbuying is profitably sustainable. Two-stage predation/recoupment is profitable... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7194 |
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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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