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| Nkonya, Ephraim M.; Gerber, Nicolas; Baumgartner, Philipp; von Braun, Joachim; De Pinto, Alessandro; Graw, Valerie; Kato, Edward; Kloos, Julia; Walter, Teresa. |
| Land degradation has not been comprehensively addressed at the global level or in developing countries. A suitable economic framework that could guide investments and institutional action is lacking. This study aims to overcome this deficiency and to provide a framework for a global assessment based on a consideration of the costs of action versus inaction regarding desertification, land degradation, and drought (DLDD). Most of the studies on the costs of land degradation (mainly limited to soil erosion) give cost estimates of less than 1 percent up to about 10 percent of the agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) for various countries worldwide. But the indirect costs of DLDD on the economy (national income), as well as their socioeconomic consequences... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109326 |
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| Kloos, Julia; Tsegai, Daniel W.. |
| Using household survey data, this study investigates preferences for domestic water services in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Water is a relative scarce resource in South Africa that is distributed unevenly both geographically and seasonally as well as socio-politically. For a water management addressing the policy objectives of efficiency in use, equity in access and benefits and long-term sustainability, economic valuation of the different water uses is required. In order to detect households' preferences, a choice experiment was conducted. Results suggested the presence of preference heterogeneity and therefore, a latent class model was applied, dividing households into homogeneous groups according to their preferences. Four distinct... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49970 |
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| Walter, Teresa; Kloos, Julia; Tsegai, Daniel W.. |
| With the political changes in South Africa in the early 1990s, the South African government introduced a reform process in the entire water sector with the goal of a more enhanced and equitable water management system. This paper analyzes existing water allocation situations and applies a nonlinear optimization model to investigate the optimal intra- and inter-regional allocations in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Results show higher benefit from inter-regional water allocation. Reducing water supply levels to conform to the sustainable water supply policy, it can be shown that although water supply is reduced by approximately 50%, total benefits from water are only reduced by 5% and 11% for inter- and intra-regional allocation regimes... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Water allocation; IWRM; Olifants basin; South Africa; Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97035 |
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