|
|
|
|
|
| Lim, Zhen Fei; Luo, Zhaohe; Lee, Li Keat; Hii, Kieng Soon; Teng, Sing Tung; Chan, Leo Lai; Chomérat, Nicolas; Krock, Bernd; Gu, Haifeng; Lim, Po Teen; Leaw, Chui Pin. |
| Thirteen isolates of Prorocentrum species were established from the coral reefs of Perhentian Islands Marine Park, Malaysia and underwent morphological observations and molecular characterization. Six species were found: P. caipirignum, P. concavum, P. cf. emarginatum, P. lima, P. mexicanum and a new morphotype, herein designated as P. malayense sp. nov. Prorocentrum malayense, a species closely related to P. leve, P. cf. foraminosum, P. sp. aff. foraminossum, and P. concavum (Clade A sensu Chomérat et al. 2018), is distinguished from its congeners as having larger thecal pore size and a more deeply excavated V-shaped periflagellar area. Platelet arrangement in the periflagellar area of P. malayense is unique, with the presence of platelet 1a and 1b,... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning; ITS2 secondary structure; Morphology; Periflagellar area; Phylogeny. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00485/59650/65985.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Jauffrais, Thierry; Sechet, Veronique; Herrenknecht, Christine; Tillmann, Urban; Krock, Bernd; Amzil, Zouher; Hess, Philipp. |
| Azaspiracids are lipophilic marine biotoxins causing gastrointestinal symptoms similar to DSP toxins. Since 1995, azaspiracids have been encountered in Europe, Africa and more recently in North and South America and Japan. The biological primary producer remained undiscovered during many years and has now been identified as Azadinium spinosum. The organism was grown using K modified medium, at 18°C with a PFD of 200 μmol.m-2.s-1 and a photoperiod of 16L/8D. Batch cultures were carried out using 75mL and 10L flasks, while continuous cultures were produced in 100L chemostats. Cells were recovered using centrifugation or filtration. Different extraction solvents and procedures as well as evaporation modes were evaluated for yield. Quantitation was carried out... |
| Tipo: Text |
|
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00152/26348/24431.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Tillmann, Urban; Gottschling, Marc; Nezan, Elisabeth; Krock, Bernd; Bilien, Gwenael. |
| Some species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Azadinium produce azaspiracids (AZAs), a group of lipophilic phycotoxins causing human poisoning after mussel consumption. We describe three new species from the North Atlantic, all of which shared the same Kofoidean plate pattern characteristic for Azadinium: Po, cp, X, 4′, 3a, 6′́, 6 C, 5S, 6′́́, 2′́́́. Azadinium trinitatum sp. nov. was mainly characterized by the presence of an antapical spine and by the position of the ventral pore at the left distal end of the pore plate in a cavity of Plate 1′ Plate 1. Azadinium cuneatum sp. nov. had a conspicuously formed first apical plate, which was asymmetrically elongated and tapered on its left lateral side with a ventral pore located at the tip of this... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Azadinium; Azaspiracids; Irminger Sea; Iceland; New species. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29917/28382.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Luo, Zhaohe; Lim, Zhen Fei; Mertens, Kenneth; Krock, Bernd; Teng, Sing Tung; Tan, Toh Hii; Leaw, Chui Pin; Lim, Po Teen; Gu, Haifeng. |
| The gonyaulacean family Protoceratiaceae is characterised by five precingular plates. It currently encompasses the type genus Ceratocorys and the fossil genus Atopodinium. Fourteen strains of Ceratocorys, Pentaplacodinium, and Protoceratium were established from Malaysian and Hawaiian waters, and their morphologies were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Two new species, Ceratocorys malayensis sp. nov. and Pentaplacodinium usupianum sp. nov., were described from Malaysian waters. They share a Kofoidean plate formula of Po, Pt, 3ʹ, 1a, 6ʹʹ, 6C, 6S, 5ʹʹʹ, 1p, 1ʹʹʹʹ. Ceratocorys malayensis has a short first apical plate (1ʹ) with no direct contact with the anterior sulcal plate (Sa) whereas Pentaplacodinium usupianum had a... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Ceratocoryaceae; Gonyaulacaceae; Molecular phylogeny; Protoceratium reticulatum; Yessotoxin. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00589/70143/68109.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Luo, Zhaohe; Krock, Bernd; Mertens, Kenneth; Nezan, Elisabeth; Chomerat, Nicolas; Bilien, Gwenael; Tillmann, Urban; Gu, Haifeng. |
| The marine planktonic dinophyceaen genus Azadinium is a primary source of azaspiracids, but due to their small size its diversity may be underestimated and information on its biogeography is still limited. A new Azadinium species, A. zhuanum was obtained from the East China Sea and Yellow Sea of China by incubating surface sediments. Five strains were established by isolating single germinated cells and their morphology was examined with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Azadinium zhuanum was characterized by a plate pattern of Po, cp, X, 4′, 2a, 6′′, 6C, 5S, 6′′′, 2′′′′, by a distinct ventral pore at the junction of Po, the first and fourth apical plates, and a conspicuous antapical spine. Moreover, Azadinium poporum was obtained for the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Azadinium; Azaspiracid; AZA-2; AZA-2 phosphate; Biogeography; China; French Atlantic; Mediterranean Sea. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00386/49765/51155.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Tillmann, Urban; Gottschling, Marc; Nézan, Elisabeth; Krock, Bernd. |
| Species of dinophycean Amphidomataceae are producers of phycotoxins classified as azaspiracids. We provide the first records of two of their constituent species, Amphidoma languida and Azadinium dexteroporum, for the Irminger Sea off Iceland. Morphological examination and molecular characterization, including uncorrected mean pairwise distances between sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), doubtlessly assigned the sub-Arctic strain 2A11 to the reference of Amphidoma languida. Strain 2A11 produced AZA-38 and AZA-39, corresponding to the toxin profile described for the type material. The sub-Arctic isolate 1D12 differed significantly in terms of ITS genetic distance (p = 0.04) from a Mediterranean Azadinium dexteroporum strain, but our... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Azadinium; Amphidoma; Azaspiracids; Irminger Sea. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00667/77913/80095.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Jauffrais, Thierry; Herrenknecht, Christine; Sechet, Veronique; Sibat, Manoella; Tillmann, Urban; Krock, Bernd; Kilcoyne, Jane; Miles, Christopher O.; Mccarron, Pearse; Amzil, Zouher; Hess, Philipp. |
| Azaspiracids (AZAs) are secondary metabolites of Azadinium spinosum, that have been shown to cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning when accumulated in bivalve molluscs. We describe here an analytical procedure for the determination of AZAs in cultures of A. spinosum with a focus on the potential formation of AZA methyl-esters as artefacts in the extraction and sample pre-treatment. A. spinosum cells were collected from bioreactor cultures, using centrifugation or filtration. Different extraction procedures were evaluated for formation of methyl-ester artefacts, yield, and matrix effects. Filtration of cultures using glass-fibre filters led to increased formation of methyl-esters. Hence centrifugation is recommended for recovery of cells. The type of... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Extraction procedure; Extraction artefact; Matrix effects; LC-MS/MS; Azaspiracid methyl ester; Dinoflagellate; Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18812/16463.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Tillmann, Urban; Soehner, Sylvia; Nezan, Elisabeth; Krock, Bernd. |
| Azadinium is a dinophycean genus capable of producing azaspiracids (AZAs), a recently discovered group of lipophilic phycotoxins causing human intoxication via mussel consumption. Although initially described from the North Sea, the genus currently consisting of four described species is probably distributed worldwide. Here we report on Azadinium from the Shetland Islands, which are located in the northernmost part of the North Sea and are largely influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. Two strains of Azadinium were isolated from a single water sample. One strain was identified as Azadinium spinosum based on morphology and sequence data and had an AZA cell quota of about 20 fg per cell, similar to all other described strains of the species. The toxin profile... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Azadinium; Azaspiracids; New species; Shetland Islands. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00108/21963/20691.pdf |
| |
|
|
|
