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| Registros recuperados: 21 | |
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| Paarlberg, Philip L.; Lee, John G.; Seitzinger, Ann Hillberg. |
| Questions have been raised regarding the economic costs of food-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak in the United States. This analysis examines how welfare changes are measured and argues that they must be decomposed by groups. Producers with animals quarantined and slaughtered because of FMD measure their welfare change using lost sales. Producers not quarantined measure their welfare change using producer surplus. The change in national sales revenue is accurate when the supply elasticity is low. Welfare changes for consumers also must be decomposed because the change in aggregate consumer surplus hides important shifts in welfare among groups of consumers. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Economic effects; Foot-and-mouth disease; Livestock; Meat; D60; Q13; Q17; Q18. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37832 |
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| Liang, Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen); Lovejoy, Stephen B.; Lee, John G.. |
| Two taxation schemes were designed to be included in a multi-regional multi-sectoral General Equilibrium model for reducing the use of commercial fertilizers, with the goal of alleviating surface water pollution. Under the 500% tax rate, results showed that 0.1% of the national income was given up in order to exchange for a 3% reduction in the fertilizer application used as an intermediate input. Furthermore environmental quality would be improved by 3%, if a linear relationship existed between the changes in intermediate fertilizer use and the improvement in environmental quality. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20870 |
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| Vitale, Jeffrey D.; Lee, John G.. |
| Low-input farming practices in many parts of the developing world have pushed cultivation onto marginal lands. Sustainability of already fragile ecosystems is threatened. Farmers place a high priority on satisfying subsistence food needs with on-farm production. Population pressure is high throughout much of Sub-Saharan Africa. Farmers in those regions are challenged by the need to put continually more food on their table over the coming years. An optimal control model was developed to investigate alternative farming practices within this setting. Namely, whether farmers would choose continued land expansion of if they would adopt crop intensive practices. The model included an environmental subcomponent to estimate the degradation costs from continued... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19494 |
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| Paarlberg, Philip L.; Hillberg, Ann; Lee, John G.; Mathews, Kenneth H., Jr.. |
| This report presents a modeling framework in which epidemiological model results are integrated with an economic model of the U.S. agricultural sector to enable estimation of the economic impacts of outbreaks of foreign-source livestock diseases. To demonstrate the model, the study assessed results of a hypothetical outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). The modeling framework includes effects of the FMD episode on all major agricultural products and assesses these effects on aggregate supply, demand, and trade over 16 quarters. Model results show a potential for large trade-related losses for beef, beef cattle, hogs, and pork, though relatively few animals are destroyed. The swine and pork sectors recover shortly after assumed export restrictions end,... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Animal disease; Epidemiology; Foot and mouth disease (FMD); Sector model; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56453 |
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| Martin, Lizbeth; Paarlberg, Philip L.; Lee, John G.. |
| Future trade negotiations will incorporate environmental concerns. This study presents a framework to evaluate whether the United States would be willing to adopt a pesticide restriction in exchange for European Union liberalization of producer support. It outlines the conditions that must be met if a bargain is to occur. Partial equilibrium commodity models test whether the conditions for a bargaining solution are satisfied. The research results indicate that a potential bargain is possible for stricter U.S. environmental regulations in coarse grains if there is a sufficiently large positive EU externality. Conditions in the oilseed market preclude a bargain. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31292 |
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| Lee, John G.; Lacewell, Ronald D.; Richardson, James W.. |
| Predicted crop yields and wind erosion rates from a multi-year/multi-crop growth simulation model provided input into a multi-period recursive QP model to evaluate erosion implications during the transition to dryland crop production on the Texas Southern High Plains. Three farm-program participation options were considered in this study. Participation in an extension of the current farm program resulted in an increase in net returns and wind erosion rates above nonparticipation. Imposition of a soil loss limit without consideration of a flexible base option can significantly reduce discounted present values. Increasing risk aversion across producers affects crop mix selection which can result in lower per acre wind erosion rates for this particular... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30306 |
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| Petry, Mark; Paarlberg, Philip L.; Lee, John G.. |
| The partial equilibrium model links the infection risk from imported products to a premium, which compensates the importing country for the risk incurred by allowing imports from infected countries. The model is applied to the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) and Mexican live swine imports. The premium is sensitive to the expected loss from a PRRS outbreak and to the magnitude of the risk. As the risk or severity of PRRS rises, so does the level of the barrier. If swine imports are categorized and appropriate restrictions applied, an acceptable level of disease protection can be achieved while improving national welfare. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Livestock health risk; PRRS; Trade barriers; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15154 |
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| Lee, John G.; Paarlberg, Philip L.; Eales, James S.. |
| The United States imposed a tariff-rate quota (TRQ) on lamb meat in July 1999. Early analysis suggested the possibility that lamb growers could lose welfare via the creation of packer market power. This paper considers how subsequent events modify that analysis. Observed prices suggest reduced pass-through. Lamb prices are unchanged and more stable. Using an annual quota instead of a quarterly quota reduces the opportunity for market conduct switching. Early termination of the TRQ to comply with the WTO rulings magnifies any welfare loss. Assistance payments prevent welfare losses to growers with little impact on the market. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36076 |
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| Randhir, Timothy O.; Lee, John G.. |
| A multiyear regional risk programming model was used in evaluating the impacts of different environmental policies on cropping systems, input use, nonpoint source pollution, farm income and risk. A direct expected utility maximizing problem (DEMP) objective with a Von Neuman Morgenstern utility function was used in deriving optimal cropping systems. A biophysical simulation model provided input for the optimization. Three types of policies-taxing, regulating the aggregate, and regulating the per acre level-were studied for two farm inputs-nitrogen and atazine. It was observed that policies had varied and multiple cross-effects on pollutant loads, farm income, and risk. This information is crucial in developing successful policies toward improving... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31366 |
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| Lee, John G.; Lovejoy, Stephen B.. |
| Agriculture's impact on the environment is a complex research problem. A challenge to future economic research is to account for the interrelationship between agricultural production activities, soil productivity, erosion, and water quality. It will become increasingly important to determine not only the economic consequences, but also the environmental effectiveness of alternative policies aimed at improving resource use and quality. The application of biophysical simulation models to environmental quality problems provides a means to better understand the complex interaction between agricultural production and environmental quality. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28821 |
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| Hinson, Roger A.; Lee, John G.; Huh, Mooyul. |
| Vegetable production can offer a high-valued cash crop alternative. While returns may be high, vegetables are perceived to have more risk than conventional row crops. This study used stochastic dominance analysis to evaluate terminal market price risk for four vegetable crops across five market locations. Results from the analysis identify differences in efficient market selection depending on the form which price risk follows. While vegetables as a whole are considered risky, substantial differences in the type of terminal market price variability existed between the commodities. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30006 |
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| Paarlberg, Philip L.; Lee, John G.. |
| Under the new WTO trading rules the United States is obligated to revise its beef import policy and has proposed barriers based on classifying nations according to livestock health risks. This research develops a model which captures the impact of various degrees of FMD risk from imports on setting import barriers. The results show that nations classified as high risk for FMD continue to face prohibitive barriers. As outbreak risk falls so does the level of the barrier levied against that exporter. The barrier levels are also sensitive to the expected social losses as influenced by alternative control strategies. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14599 |
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| Teague, Paul W.; Lee, John G.. |
| Numerous studies have analyzed annual crop mix decisions in light of producer risk preferences. Few studies have focused on perennial crop mix decisions. This study attempts to identify not only the optimal mix of grapefruit and oranges for various risk-aversion levels, but also optimal planting densities within each species. Experimental plot data from a grapefruit and orange spacing trial over the 1970-82 period were used in MOTAD formulation to address optimal perennial crop mix and planting density decisions under different capital constraints. An examination of results suggests crop mix and planting density diversification within and across species of citrus as a means of reducing income variability. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 1988 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29271 |
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| Lee, John G.; Lacewell, Ronald D.; Ozuna, Teofilo, Jr.; Jones, Lonnie L.. |
| Linear programming and regional input-output models were applied to estimate the impacts of increased pumping costs for irrigated agriculture due to groundwater depletion principally caused by the expanding urban area of San Antonio, Texas. A biophysical simulator was use to estimate linear programming coefficients of crop yield by irrigation level and timing. The results indicated significant local (county) economic impacts from groundwater mining but insignificant regional impacts. A major improvement on irrigation efficiency would be required to offset the increased pumping costs and reduce water availability associated with increased lifts due to urban expansion. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30203 |
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| Reeling, Carson J.; Mitchell, Peter; Halimi, Ghulam Hazrat; Lee, John G.; Carver, Andrew. |
| In Afghanistan, where 80% of the population is rural, irrigated agriculture is important for satisfying subsistence needs. While most of the irrigated agriculture is fed by diversion canal systems which tap surface flows, legal and physical water infrastructure in the region is generally poor. A math programming model is used to optimize irrigation strategies under different water-availability and policy scenarios. It is found that the construction of a reservoir could increase net revenues to a representative farming community by up to 30%. However, even greater benefits may result from increasing distribution efficiencies, depending on the initial level of conveyance losses. Further, property rights schemes may be implemented to distribute wealth more... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Linear programming; Irrigation; Afghanistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60741 |
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| Paarlberg, Philip L.; Lee, John G.; Seitzinger, Ann Hillberg. |
| The paper surveys articles examining the economic impacts of a livestock disease outbreak and focuses on modeling issues. One set of papers considers setting an import barrier when there is a livestock disease risk. They show that the level of a risk-based import barrier is sensitive to the impact of disease on economic welfare. The remaining articles focus on estimates of the economic impacts. An outbreak is modeled in a U.S. agricultural sector model and shows the importance of lost exports and consumer response to the magnitude of losses. The final paper argues for de-composition of the welfare impacts. Lessons for future research include improved links to epidemiological research, improved inclusion of trade, extension to non-agricultural sectors, and... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Foot-and-mouth disease; Modeling; Trade; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8178 |
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| Registros recuperados: 21 | |
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