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AGRICULTURAL POLICY REFORM IN THE WTO: THE ROAD AHEAD AgEcon
Diao, Xinshen; Elbehri, Aziz; Gehlhar, Mark J.; Gibson, Paul R.; Leetmaa, Susan E.; Mitchell, Lorraine; Nelson, Frederick J.; Nimon, R. Wesley; Normile, Mary Anne; Roe, Terry L.; Shapouri, Shahla; Skully, David W.; Smith, Mark; Somwaru, Agapi; Trueblood, Michael A.; Tsigas, Marinos E.; Wainio, John; Whitley, Daniel B.; Young, C. Edwin.
Agricultural trade barriers and producer subsidies inflict real costs, both on the countries that use these policies and on their trade partners. Trade barriers lower demand for trade partners' products, domestic subsidies can induce an oversupply of agricultural products which depresses world prices, and export subsidies create increased competition for producers in other countries. Eliminating global agricultural policy distortions would result in an annual world welfare gain of $56 billion. High protection for agricultural commodities in the form of tariffs continues to be the major factor restricting world trade. In 2000, World Trade Organization (WTO) members continued global negotiations on agricultural policy reform. To help policymakers and others...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34015
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Effects of Market Reforms in the Former Soviet Union on World Grain Trade: Results From A Multi-Market Wheat Trade Model AgEcon
Leetmaa, Susan E..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50843
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SUPPLY RESPONSE IN FRANCE, GERMANY, AND THE UK: TECHNOLOGY AND PRICE AgEcon
Arnade, Carlos Anthony; Kelch, David R.; Leetmaa, Susan E..
We extend the methodology of a two-step profit function to obtain area and yield elasticities. We then estimate the effects of price and technology on crop output of France, Germany, and the UK. Area elasticities were obtained by adding area shadow price equations to the standard dual model of output and input equations. Change in output is dominated by technology in the UK and mixed in France and Germany. The results indicate policies affecting price will have diverse responses across countries and crops.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19702
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HOW SIGNIFICANT ARE EXPORT SUBSIDIES TO AGRICULTURAL TRADE? TRADE AND WELFARE IMPLICATIONS OF GLOBAL REFORMS AgEcon
Elbehri, Aziz; Leetmaa, Susan E..
We analyze the impacts of removing export subsidies with or without reforms to domestic support and tariffs using a multi-country trade model. Model simulations are designed to assess both the magnitude and the direction of trade in the absence of export subsidies in connection with other domestic distortions and import barriers. Results show that the impacts of export subsidy removal, while significant for some countries and products, are comparatively smaller and are dominated by the much larger trade and welfare distortions imposed by import barriers. Hence, the removal of domestic subsidies, including export subsidies, by themselves may not be sufficient to improve global welfare and expand trade since the welfare gains by the net exporters are far...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20518
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Evaluating EU Agricultural Policy Reform Using the EU WTO Model AgEcon
Stout, Jim; Leetmaa, Susan E.; Normile, Mary Anne.
This paper provides an overview of the European Union component of the recently developed ERS/Penn State WTO Model. The model is a multi-region, multi-commodity partial equilibrium trade model which allows the user to simulate the effects of reducing or eliminating tariffs and TRQs, export subsidies, and domestic support policies. The paper describes how the model captures the important agricultural policies of the EU, and presents results from model simulations of domestic support liberalization, export subsidy elimination, and tariff removal.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: WTO; Agricultural trade; Domestic support; Export subsidy; European Union; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24941
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TRADE POLICY AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: THE CASE OF EXPORT SUBSIDIES AgEcon
Leetmaa, Susan E.; Krissoff, Barry; Hartmann, Monika.
The United States and the European Union both employ export subsidies to stimulate wheat trade and to increase their competitiveness in world markets. The environmental consequences of these policies are being questioned. We simulate reducing or removing export subsidies for wheat from the United States and the EU using a multicountry partial equilibrium model, and we analyze the impact of export subsidy policy reform on nitrogen fertilizer and other chemical use. Our findings indicate that the U.S. EEP program cannot be blamed for environmental degradation in terms of nitrate leaching, while EU wheat subsides make only a small contribution to nitrate pollution.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31403
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Wheat Cleaning and its Effect on U.S. Wheat Exports AgEcon
Haley, Stephen L.; Leetmaa, Susan E.; Webb, Alan J..
This analysis shows that there could be net gains to the U.S. wheat industry if all U.S. export wheat were to be cleaned to a dockage level between 0.35 to 0.40 percent. These results are based on survey results of major importers of U.S. wheat, and a model of world wheat trade. Larger benefits to the U.S. wheat industry would be possible from cleaning only wheat destined to countries that demand higher quality U.S. wheat. However, these gains in export revenue from selling cleaner wheat could be offset if other exporters, especially Canada, responded in ways that would maintain their market share.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Wheat; Grain quality; Trade model; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51108
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EXPORT COMPETITION: ISSUES AND OPTIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS AgEcon
Young, Linda M.; Abbott, Philip C.; Leetmaa, Susan E..
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14624
Registros recuperados: 8
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