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| Registros recuperados: 27 | |
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| Cooper, J.M.; Schmidt, C.S.; Lueck, L.; Shotton, P.N.; Leifert, C.. |
| The Nafferton Factorial Systems Comparison (NFSC) experiments are part of a long-term field trial that compares organic and conventional systems of crop rotation, crop protection and fertility management, in a factorial design. Pest and disease incidence in vegetables in the 2005, 2006 and 2007 season are reported. Cabbage root fly damage was always reduced under organic crop protection, but there were no consistent trends for the effects of fertility management on this pest. Sclerotinia in lettuce was consistently higher under conventional fertility management. Blight in potatoes was enhanced in the 2007 season by the combination of conventional fertility management and organic crop protection practices. Mechanisms for these effects, including the... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/11747/1/Cooper__11747_ed.doc |
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| Cooper, J. M.; Schmidt, C. S.; Lueck, L.; Shotton, P. N.; Turnbull, C.; Leifert, C.. |
| The effect of organic, low-input and conventional management practices on barley yield and disease incidence was assessed in field trials over two years. Conventional fertility management (based on mineral fertiliser applications) and conventional crop protection (based on chemosynthetic pesticides) significantly increased the yield of winter barley as compared to organic fertility and crop protection regimes. Severity of leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis) was highest under organic fertility and crop protection management and was correlated inversely with yield. For mildew (Erysiphe graminis), an interaction between fertility management and crop protection was detected. Conventional crop protection reduced severity of the disease, only under conventional... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10357/1/cooper%2Detal%2D2007%2Dwinter_barley.pdf |
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| Speiser, B.; Tamm, L.; Amsler, T.; Lambion, J.; Bertrand, C.; Hermansen, A.; Ruissen, M. A.; Haaland, P.; Zarb, J.; Santos, J.; Shotton, P.; Wilcockson, S.; Juntharathep, P.; Ghorbani, R.; Leifert, C.. |
| Late blight of potatoes, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is particularly difficult to prevent or control in organic agriculture. In this study, the host resistance of selected varieties to foliar and tuber blight and their yield under organic growing conditions were assessed in trials carried out in four countries (Switzerland, France, England and Norway) in 2001 and 2002. The objective was to identify new, more resistant varieties which might replace some of the more susceptible varieties which are currently grown in organic agriculture. In each country, five test varieties were compared with two reference varieties, identical for all sites, and with two locally popular varieties. In addition, the effect of copper fungicides was assessed for all... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/8358/1/Speiser_etal_2006_late_blight.pdf |
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| Leifert, C.; Wilcockson, S.J.. |
| Blight-MOP Late blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans) is the most devastating fungal disease affecting organic (and conventional) potato production in the EU. It kills the foliage and usually results in losses of yield which can be very large when infection is severe and occurs early in the season. The disease may be transmitted to the tubers which become unmarketable and these can lead to complete deterioration of the stored crop if put into storage with healthy tubers. To a great extent, conventional production systems rely upon frequent applications of synthetic fungicides with different modes of action for late blight control, but this is seldom completely successful. However, in organic systems, the availability of chemical fungicides is... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Root crops. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10650/1/leifert%2Dwilcockson%2D2005%2Dblight_mop%2Dreport_Front_Cover.pdf |
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| Tamm, L.; Smit, A. B.; Hospers, M.; Janssens, S.R.M.; Buurma, J.S.; Molgaard, J.-P.; Laerke, P.E.; Hansen, H. H.; Hermans, A.; Bodker, L.; Bertand, C.; Lambion, J.; Finckh, M.R.; Schüler, Chr.; Lammerts van Bueren, E.; Ruissen, T.; Nielsen, B. J.; Solberg, S.; Speiser, B.; Wolfe, M. S.; Phillips, S.; Wilcoxon, S. J.; Leifert, C.. |
| In Europe, late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is the most devastating disease affecting organic (and conventional) potato production. Under suitable environmental conditions the disease can spread rapidly and it can cause complete crop loss. The extent of damage due to late blight depends on several factors: in organic production systems these factors include climate, choice of variety, soil management and use of crop protection agents such as copper. Therefore, the extent of economic damage varies between European regions. This report presents the results of a detailed survey that has been conducted in 7 European countries in the year 2001: (i) statistics on yields, farm gate prices, and production techniques, (ii) an analysis offarmer... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Root crops. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/25358/1/1340-late-blight.pdf |
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| Kasselaki, A. M.; Malathrakis, N. E.; Goumas, D. E.; Leifert, C.. |
| The fungus Didymella lycopersici infects tomato seed and results in great losses before and after germination. To control the disease, seed companies use thiram preventively, although human allergy problems have been reported. For this reason as well as to address needs in organic agriculture, this study has focused on the effects of alternative methods of control. Nitrite solutions and resistance inducers were tested in a growth chamber. Results showed that soaking the seed in a nitrite solution with a concentration of 300mΜ (in citric acid buffer, pH 2) for 10 minutes reduced losses due to low seed germination and disease incidence in the germinated seedlings completely. When applied for longer intervals sodium nitrite proved phytotoxic whereas in... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10400/1/Kasselaki%2Detal%2D2007%2Dseedbornediseases.pdf |
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| Georgakopoulos, D. G.; Fiddaman, P.; Leifert, C.; Malathrakis, N. E.. |
| Aims: Five bacterial strains belonging to Bacillus subtilis , Pseudomonas fluorescens and Ps . corrugata and two fungal strains belonging to Trichoderma viride and Gliocladium virens were evaluated for their efficacy in controlling sugar beet and cucumber damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum . Methods and Results: The in vitro antagonistic activity of bacteria against various Pythium spp. was evaluated with dual cultures in various media. Pseudomonas strains inhibited the pathogen better than Bacillus strains. To identify potentially useful antagonist combinations, dual compatibility of antagonists was also evaluated, based on growth in two liquid media containing substrate previously used by other antagonists. Four pairs of bacteria were selected. Sugar... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Soil biology. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10764/1/georgakopoulos_et_al_2002.pdf |
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| Lammerts van Bueren, E. T.; Jones, S.S.; Tamm, L.; Murphy, K.M.; Myers, J. R; Leifert, C.; Messmer, M.. |
| It is estimated that more than 95% of organic production is based on crop varieties that were bred for the conventional high-input sector. Recent studies have shown that such varieties lack important traits required under organic and low-input production conditions. This is primarily due to selection in conventional breeding programmes being carried out in the background of high inorganic fertilizer and crop protection inputs. Also, some of the traits (e.g., semi-dwarf genes) that were introduced to address problems like lodging in cereals in high-input systems were shown to have negative side-effects (reduced resistance to diseases such as Septoria, lower protein content and poorer nutrient-use efficiency) on the performance of varieties under organic and... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Vegetables Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/17861/1/LammertsvanBueren_et_al_NJAS_wheat%2C_tomato%2C_broccoli.pdf |
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| Wagenaar, J.-P.; Klocke, P.; Butler, G.; Smolders, G.; Nielsen, J.H.; Canever, A.; Leifert, C.. |
| In the last decade the main goals of organic dairying have been to attain acceptable levels of milk production, increase opportunities for animals to perform species own behaviour, resulting in improved animal welfare and animal health, and minimize the use of therapeutic interventions, including the reduction of the (preventive) use of antibiotics. Maintaining animal health without the use of therapeutic interventions is a major challenge for organic dairy farmers. In particular, udder health remains a major problem in both conventional and organic farming. In the QualityLowInputFood (QLIF) project udder health status and management were assessed in different production systems and European regions. These studies suggest that good udder health can be... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Health and welfare. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/20475/1/Wagenaar_et_al_2011.pdf |
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| Butler, G.; Stergiadis, S.; Eyre, M.; Leifert, C.; Borsari, A.; Canever, A.; Slots, T.; Nielsen, H.J.. |
| A main reason for the rapid increase in organic food consumption is the perception that organic foods have a superior nutritional composition and/or convey health benefits. However, there is currently limited scientific knowledge about the effect of production systems on food composition. The study reported here compared fatty acid profiles and levels of fat soluble antioxidants in milk from organic and conventional production systems in 5 geographic regions in Europe (Wales, England, Denmark, Sweden and Italy). Levels of nutritionally desirable mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (vaccenic acid, CLA, α-linolenic acid) and/or a range of fat soluble antioxidants were found to be significantly higher in organic milk. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10625/1/butler%2Detal%2D2007%2DProductionSystem_MilkQuality.pdf |
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| Slots, T.; Butler, G.; Leifert, C.; Kristensen, T.; Skibsted, L.H.; Nielsen, J.H.. |
| To investigate the effect of the dietary intake of the cow on milk composition, bulk-tank milk was collected on 5 occasions from conventional (n = 15) and organic (n = 10) farms in Denmark and on 4 occasions from low-input nonorganic farms in the United Kingdom, along with management and production parameters. Production of milk based on feeding a high intake of cereals, pasture, and grass silage resulted in milk with a high concentration of α-linolenic acid (9.4 ± 0.2 mg/ kg of fatty acids), polyunsaturated fatty acids (3.66 ± 0.07 mg/kg of fatty acids), and natural stereoisomer of α-tocopherol (RRR-α-tocopherol, 18.6 ± 0.5 mg/kg of milk fat). A milk production system using a high proportion of maize silage, by-products, and commercial concentrate mix was... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Dairy cattle Feeding and growth. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/16018/3/16018.pdf |
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| Stergiadis, S.; Leifert, C.; Seal, C.J.; Eyre, M.D.; Steinshamm, H.; Butler, G.. |
| Many studies show concentrations of nutritionally desirable fatty acids in bovine milk are lower when cows have no access to grazing, leading to seasonal fluctuations in milk quality if cows are housed for part of the year. This study investigated the potential to improve the fatty acid profiles of bovine milk by oilseed supplementation (rolled linseed and rapeseed) during a period of indoor feeding in both organic and conventional production systems. Both linseed and rapeseed increased the concentrations of total monounsaturated fatty acids, vaccenic acid, oleic acid and rumenic acid in milk, but decreased the concentration of the total and certain individual saturated fatty acids. Linseed resulted in greater changes than rapeseed, and also significantly... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Feeding and growth. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26495/1/stergiadis-etal-2014-FoodChem-p293-300.pdf |
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| Kasselaki, A. M.; Goumas, D.; Tamm, L.; Fuchs, J.; Cooper, J.; Leifert, C.. |
| Currently there is a lack of effective seed treatments for bacterial pathogens, with Cu-based compounds (the only chemical treatments permitted under organic farming standards) only providing partial control. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of alternative treatments for the control of bacterial canker (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), a major seed-borne bacterial disease in tomato. Treatments assessed were acidified nitrite (a treatment previously shown to control the seed-borne fungal disease Didymella lycopersici), antagonistic strains of Bacillus spp. and compost extracts, which were not previously evaluated as treatments for seed-borne diseases. Efficacy of treatments was determined in a seed disinfection assay.... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Vegetables Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/19610/1/kasselaki%2Detal%2D2011%2Dclavibacter%2DNJAS.pdf |
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| Palmer, M.; Cooper, J.M; Fließbach, A.; Melville, J.; Turnbull, C.; Shotton, P.; Leifert, C.. |
| A ryegrass bioassay was conducted to investigate the effect of soil management history on nitrogen mineralisation from composted manure and pelleted poultry manure. Soils were used from 2 field experiments comparing conventional and organic/low input management systems. When composted manure was added, soils which had received high rates of composted FYM under biodynamic management released a greater amount of nitrogen for plant uptake than those with a history of mineral or fresh manure fertilisation, suggesting that biological preconditioning may result in greater efficiency of composted FYM as a nitrogen source for plants. “Native” N mineralisation was found to be related to total soil N content. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10398/1/palmer-etal-2007-soils_management_history.pdf |
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| Eyre, M.D.; Volakakis, N.; Shotton, P.N.; Leifert, C.. |
| Beneficial invertebrate activity (13 groups) was assessed in five crop types on a split-plot experimental system in northern England using pitfall trapping and suction sampling in May-October 2005. Very significant differences were detected in activity between crop type, and in the preference of groups for individual crops. Within crop types, differences in fertiliser and crop protection approaches appeared to significantly affect activity, with preferences for either organic or conventional management differing between groups. In general, inorganic fertiliser application had more effect on activity than pesticide, herbicide and fungicide use. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Farming Systems; Biodiversity and ecosystem services. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10391/1/eyre%2Detal%2D2007%2Dbeneficial_invertebrates.pdf |
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| Lueck, L.; Schmidt, C.S.; Cooper, J.M.; Shotton, P.N.; Hajslova, J.; Schulzova, V.; Leifert, C.. |
| The Nafferton factorial systems comparison (NFSC) experiments facilitate the investigation of effects of, and interaction between, three production system components - a) rotational position, b) fertility and c) crop protection management - in organic, conventional and low-input crop management systems. This paper presents first results on pesticide and growth regulator residues observed over a period of two years. Residues were only detected for three (Chlormequat, Chlorothalonil and Aldicarb) of the 28 pesticides used in the experiments. As expected, residue levels were affected by the crop protection practices, but significant effects of fertility management practices were also detected. This indicates that the human health risks associated with... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects Crop health; Quality; Protection Farming Systems. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10380/1/lueck%2Detal%2D2007%2Dpesticide%2Dgrowth%2Dregulator.pdf |
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| Theodoropoulou, A.; Giotis, C.; Hunt, J.; Gilroy, J.; Toufexi, E.; Liopa-Tsakalidis, A.; Markellou, A.; Lueck, L.; Seal, C.; Leifert, C.. |
| Soil-borne diseases are one of the most important problems in organic and other ‘low input’ soil-based greenhouse production systems. While chemical soil disinfection has been the method of choice in conventional farming systems, soil steaming has been the main strategy for the control of soil borne diseases in organic production. Both methods are extremely expensive and have been increasingly restricted for environmental reasons by government and organic standard setting bodies respectively. The use of tolerant varieties and of grafting onto resistant rootstocks were evaluated as potential replacements for soil steaming in organic and low input systems and found to be as effective in reducing root disease and increasing root fresh weight, fruit yield and... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Breeding; Genetics and propagation Vegetables. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/10449/1/theodoropoulou%2Detal%2D2007%2Dresistant_rootstocks.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 27 | |
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