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| Registros recuperados: 67 | |
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| Leytem, A.B.; Kwanyuen, P.; Plumstead, P.W.; Maguire, R.O.; Brake, J.. |
| Using 31-phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((31)P-NMR) to characterize phosphorus (P) in animal manures and litter has become a popular technique in the area of nutrient management. To date, there has been no published work evaluating P quantification in manure/litter samples with (31)P-NMR compared to other accepted methods such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To evaluate the use of (31)P-NMR to quantify myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (phytate) in ileal digesta, manure, and litter from broilers, we compared results obtained from both (31)P-NMR and a more traditional HPLC method. The quantification of phytate in all samples was very consistent between the two methods, with linear regressions having slopes ranging from 0.94... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Chemistry. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1268/1/1246.pdf |
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| Leytem, A.B.; Thacker, P.A.. |
| Twenty crossbred barrows weighing 35.8±3.1 kg, were fed 1 of 5 diets (N = 4) to determine the effects of different cereal grains on fecal P excretion and composition. The diets contained 97.15% corn, wheat, high fat-low lignin oat, normal barley or low phytate barley with the cereal grain supplying the sole source of dietary phosphorus. The diets were fed for a 7 day acclimation period followed by a three-day fecal collection. Total tract digestibility coefficients were determined for dry matter, phosphorus and phytate using the indicator method. Fecal phosphorus was characterized using solution state Phosphorus Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (31P-NMR). Water Soluble Phosphorus (WSP) and the ratio of WSP to total phosphorus (WSP:TP) were... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Manure. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1281/1/1258.pdf |
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| Miguel, Roberto E.; Ippolito, J.A.; Leytem, A.B.; Porta A, Atilio; Noriega, Roxana B. Banda; Dungan, R.S.. |
| Waste molding and core sands from the foundry industry have been successfully used around the world as byproducts in geotechnical and agricultural applications. Although waste foundry sands (WFSs) are generally not considered hazardous in nature, relevant data are not available in Argentina. This study aimed to quantify metals in waste molding and core sands from foundries using a variety of metal-binder combinations. Metal concentrations in WFSs were compared to those in virgin silica sands (VSSs), surface soil and soil guidance levels according to hazardous waste law 24.051 from the Argentinean Secretariat of Environment and Sustainable Development. A total analysis for Ag, Al, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Te, Tl, V, and Zn... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Foundry sand. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1462/1/1427.pdf |
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| Bjorneberg, D.L.; Sojka, R.E.; Leytem, A.B.. |
| Irrigation transformed arid land in the Pacific Northwest into productive agricultural land. However, much of this land is prone to erosion during irrigation, which can cause problems on and off of the field. Management practices have been developed to control soil erosion on irrigated land and improve the quality of water returning to streams and rivers. Applying polyacrylamide (PAM) with irrigation water can reduce erosion from furrow irrigated fields more than 90%. Using PAM in combination with other practices, such as applying straw mulch in furrows and installing small sediment ponds on fields, can virtually eliminate sediment loss from fields. Once soil runs off a field, it can be removed by settling in sediment ponds, although soluble... |
| Tipo: Conference or Workshop Item |
Palavras-chave: Water quality; Mass Import - autoclassified (may be erroneous). |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/957/1/1162.pdf |
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| Lehrsch, G.A.; Brown, B.; Lentz, R.D.; Johnson-Maynard, J.L.; Leytem, A.B.. |
| To profitably produce sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) by maximizing recoverable sucrose, producers must effectively manage added nitrogen (N), whether it be from inorganic sources such as urea or from often readily available and sometimes less expensive organic sources such as manure or composted manure. Our multi-site study’s objective was to determine if equivalent sugarbeet root and sucrose yields could be achieved when substituting composted dairy cattle manure or stockpiled manure for conventional N (urea) fertilizer. Treatments at Site 1 (Parma, ID), for 2 y included a control (no N applied), urea (202 kg N/ha), compost (1089 and 2175 kg total N/ha), and manure (350 and 701 kg total N/ha). Treatments at Site 2 (Kimberly, ID), were a control, urea (82 kg... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Sugarbeet; Manure; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Soil. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1560/1/1516.pdf |
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| Leytem, A.B.; Widyaratne, G.P.; Thacker, P.A.. |
| Both intrinsic and exogenous phytase in poultry feeds can alter phytate utilization and the solubility of P excreted. This experiment determined the effects of feeding diets varying in cereal grain, P concentration and phytase addition on phytate and P utilization and P characterization of ileal digesta and excreta. Twelve treatments, consisting of diets based on corn, wheat, barley, or high fat-low lignin oat and 3 P treatments (low P with 0.30% nonphytate P; low P + 1,000 phytase units of phytase; high P with 0.45% nonphytate P), were fed to 300 broilers using a factorial design. Fresh excreta were collected at 20 and 21 d and ileal digesta was collected at 21 d. Ileal digesta and excreta were analyzed for total P, phytate P and Ca, with P... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Animal; Phosphorous. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1325/1/1302.pdf |
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| Thacker, P.A.; Haq, I.; Willing, B.P.; Leytem, A.B.. |
| A total of 240 day-old broiler chicks were used to study the effects of phytase on performance and phosphorus (P) excretion from birds fed diets containing low phytate barleys formulated without inorganic P. A positive control based on Harrington barley (HB) was formulated to meet requirements for total P. Three experimental diets, based on either HB (0.39% total P with 0.28% phytate P) or the low phytate varieties LP 422 (0.36% total P with 0.14% phytate P) and LP 955 (0.40% total P with 0.0 I% phytate P), were formulated to be below requirements for total P by removing all the inorganic P from the diet. The four diets were fed with and without 1,000 FTU/kg phytase. Apparent P digestibility was significantly higher (p<0.01) for birds fed the low... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Animal. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1327/1/1304.pdf |
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| Dungan, R.S.; Klein, Marcus; Leytem, A.B.. |
| Zoonotic pathogens in land-applied dairy wastewaters are a potential health risk. The abundance and occurrence of 10 pathogens and 3 fecal indicators was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in 30 dairy wastewaters from southern Idaho. Samples tested positive for Campylobacter jejuni, stx1- and eaeA-positive Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium avium, and Salmonella enterica, with mean recoveries ranging from 1,000 to 10,000 genome copies per mL of wastewater. The most dominant organisms were C. jejuni and M. avium, being detected in up to 21 and 29 of 30 wastewater ponds, respectively. The qPCR detection limits for the putative pathogens in the wastewaters ranged from 16 cells mL for M. avium to 1,689 oocysts mL for... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Manure. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1473/1/1438.pdf |
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| Koehn, A.C.; Leytem, A.B.; Bjorneberg, D.L.. |
| Inverse dispersion models are useful tools for estimating emissions from animal feeding operations, waste storage ponds, and manure application fields. Atmospheric stability is an important input parameter to such models. The objective of this study was to compare emission rates calculated with a backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) inversedispersion model (WindTrax) using three different methods for calculating atmospheric stability: sonic anemometer, gradient Richardson number, and Pasquill-Gifford (P-G) stability class. Ammonia and methane emission data from a compost yard at a 10,000-cow dairy were used for the comparisons. Overall, average emission rates were not significantly different among the stability methods. Emission rates correlated well... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Air Emissions. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1490/1/1454.pdf |
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| Bjorneberg, D.L.; Leytem, A.B.; Ippolito, J.A.; Koehn, A.C.. |
| Watersheds utilizing surface water for irrigation often return a portion of the water to a water body. This irrigation return flow often includes sediment and nutrients that reduce the quality of the receiving water body. Research in the 82,000 ha Upper Snake Rock (USR) watershed from 2005 to 2008 showed that, on average, water diverted from the Snake River annually supplied 547 kg/ha of total suspended sediment (TSS), 1.1 kg/ha of total phosphorus (TP) and 0.50 kg/ha of dissolved phosphorus (DP) to the irrigation tract. Irrigation return flow from the USR watershed contributed 414 kg/ha of TSS, 0.71 kg/ha of TP and 0.32 kg/ha of DP back to the Snake River. Significantly more TP flowed into the watershed than returned to the Snake River while there was no... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Irrigation control; Nutrients. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1586/1/1543.pdf |
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| Lehrsch, G.A.; Brown, B.; Lentz, R.D.; Johnson-Maynard, J.L.; Leytem, A.B.. |
| To maximize recoverable sucrose from sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.), producers must effectively manage added nitrogen (N), whether it be from urea or organic sources such as manure or composted manure. Our multi-site study’s objective was to determine the effects of a one-time application of stockpiled and composted dairy cattle manure on sugarbeet N uptake, N recovery (NR) and N use efficiency (NUE). First-year treatments at Site 1 included a control (no N), urea (202 kg N/ha), compost (218 and 435 kg estimated available N/ha), and manure (140 and 280 kg available N/ha). Site 2 treatments were a control, urea (82 kg N/ha), compost (81 and 183 kg available N/ha), and manure (173 and 340 kg available N/ha). Compost and manure were incorporated into two... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Sugarbeet; Application guidelines; Manure. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1600/1/1558.pdf |
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| Shao, L.; Griffiths, P.R.; Leytem, A.B.. |
| The automated quantification of three greenhouse gases, ammonia, methane and nitrous oxide, in the vicinity of a large dairy farm by open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP/FT-IR) spectrometry at intervals of 5 minutes is demonstrated. Spectral pretreatment, including the detection and correction of the effect of interrupting the infrared beam is by a moving object, and ways of correcting for the effect, and correction for the nonlinear detector response are applied to the measured interferograms. Two ways of obtaining quantitative data from OP/FT-IR data are described. The first, which is installed in commercial OP/FT-IR spectrometers, is based on classical least squares (CLS) regression and the second is based on partial least squares (PLS)... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Air Emissions. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1422/1/1392.pdf |
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| Leytem, A.B.; Willing, B.P.; Thacker, P.A.. |
| Eighty, 12-day-old, male broiler chicks, were fed one of four diets to determine the effects of feeding grains varying in phytate phosphorus (P) and intrinsic phytase activity on ileal and excreta P digestibility and composition. The diets contained approximately 970.7 g grain kg?1 (maize, high fat–low lignin oat, normal barley or low-phytate barley) with the cereal supplying the sole source of dietary P. The diets were fed for a 7-day acclimation period followed by a 2 day excreta collection while ileal digesta was collected at slaughter on day 21. The coefficients of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) for P and phytate P ranged from 0.79 (normal barley) to 0.86 (maize and low-phytate barley) and 0.76 (low-phytate barley) to 0.89 (maize),... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Soil; Animal; Chemistry. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1323/1/1300.pdf |
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| Leytem, A.B.; Maguire, R.O.. |
| Animal production in the USA is valued at more than $100 billion and has consolidated significantly during the last 20 years, with a larger number of animals being produced on an increasingly smaller land base (Kellogg et al., 2000). Manure generated from animal production is currently estimated to exceed 335 million t of dry matter per year in the USA, while global manure production is estimated at —13 billion t of dry matter per year (Mullins et al., 2005). Manures contain significant amounts of phosphorus, with values between 6.7 and 29.1 g P/kg on a dry weight basis reported for several species of animals (Barnett, 1994). This phosphorus includes inorganic and organic forms, with the latter constituting between 10°/a and 80% of the... |
| Tipo: Book Section |
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Mass Import - autoclassified (may be erroneous). |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/832/1/1222.pdf |
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| Dungan, R.S.; Leytem, A.B.. |
| The generation of airborne microorganisms from concentrated animal-feeding operations (CAFOs) is a concern from a human and animal health perspective. To better understand the airborne microorganisms found in these environments, a number of collection and analytical techniques have been utilized and will be discussed in this review. The most commonly used bioaerosol collection method is the liquid impingement format, which is suitable with a number of culture-based and non-culture molecularbased approaches, such as polymerase chain reaction. However, the vast majority of airborne microorganism studies conducted at CAFOs utilize culture-based analyses. Because of the limitations often associated with culturebased analyses, we focused our... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Manure; Animal. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1337/1/1314.pdf |
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| Shao, Limin; Bianxia, Liu; Griffiths R, Peter; Leytem, A.B.. |
| A technique of using multiple calibration sets in partial least squares regression (PLS) was proposed to improve the quantitative determination of ammonia from open-path Fourier transform infrared spectra. The spectra were measured near animal farms, and the path-integrated concentration of ammonia fluctuated from nearly zero to a high of about 1000 ppm-m. The PLS regression using a single calibration set over such a large concentration range had decreased quantitative accuracy due to the nonlinear relationship between concentration and absorbance. In the PLS regression with multiple calibration sets, each calibration set accounted for a smaller concentration range, which significantly decreased the serious nonlinearity problem in PLS regression with a... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Air Emissions; Manure. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1428/1/1398.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 67 | |
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