|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| Morrissey, Oliver; Osei, Robert; Lloyd, Tim A.. |
| An important feature of aid to developing countries is that it is given to the government. As a result aid has the potential to affect budgetary behaviour. Although the (albeit limited) aid-growth literature has addressed the effect of aid on policy, it has tended to neglect the effect of aid on the fiscal behaviour of governments. While fiscal response models have been developed to examine the effects of aid on fiscal aggregates - taxation, expenditure and borrowing - the underlying theory is ad hoc and empirical methods used are subject to severe limitations. This paper applies techniques developed in the "macroeconometrics" literature to estimate the dynamic structural relationship between aid and fiscal aggregates. Using vector autoregressive methods,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Aid; Fiscal Response; Ghana; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F35; O23; O11; O55. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26226 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Lloyd, Tim A.. |
| This paper analyses the price of a common basket of products sold in each of the UK’s four largest retail chains to assess propositions regarding price leadership. Data used in this investigation represent weighted average prices of a large group of branded and non-branded products purchased nationally at weekly intervals over a three and half year period and cover purchases in 37 product categories. The data are analysed using vector autoregressive methods, a convenient framework for a statistical investigation of this sort, owing to the time series properties that the price data exhibit. The paper introduces the concepts of strategic and tactical price leadership. Since these correspond to parameter restrictions in the vector autoregression, the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
|
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36862 |
| |
|
|
| Lloyd, Tim A.; Morgan, C. Wyn; McCorriston, Steve; Rayner, Anthony J.. |
| This paper is concerned with the impact of the BSE crisis in the UK and focuses on the spread between retail and farm prices. From a theoretical perspective we show that if market power has an effect on the spread between retail and farm prices then this determines the specification of the co-integrating relationship. We also account for different aspects of the BSE crisis including the shift in the retail demand function as well as the shift in the farm supply function due to the mutually opposing effects of a worldwide export ban and the cull of infected and older beef cattle. The empirical results suggest that the impact of the BSE crisis on farm prices to be more than double that of retail prices, the main cause of the change in the retail-farm price... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25904 |
| |
|
|
| Lloyd, Tim A.; Morgan, C. Wyn; McCorriston, Steve; Zgovu, Evious. |
| This paper assesses the impact of promotional activity in the prices of food products on supermarket shelves. The study analyses a unique, high frequency panel of supermarket prices consisting of over 230,000 weekly price observations on around 500 products in 15 categories of food stocked by the UK’s seven largest retail chains. In all, 1,700 weekly time series are available at the barcode-specific level including branded and own label products. Prices are inclusive of promotions and thus allow the frequency, magnitude and duration of sales to be analysed in greater detail than has hitherto been possible with UK data. Using this price data, sales periods are indentified. Results show that around 8% of products are on sale at any one time, and that sales... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food retailing; Pricing; Sales; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; Marketing; L16; L66; Q13. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51572 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
