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| Twomey, Paul; Betz, Regina; MacGill, Iain; Passey, Robert. |
| An additional action reserve (AAR) is proposed as a mechanism that allows government and voluntary private interests to make additional emission reductions beyond a national cap. A proportion of Australian emission units (AEUs) is set aside each year. The units can then be retired if state or local government, businesses or individuals take specific emission reduction measures that go beyond those expected from the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS). AEUs allocated to the reserve that are not retired through additional activities would be made available to CPRS participants. By providing an upper bound to such actions, the scheme would limit uncertainty about how many permits are available for emitters. The scheme would also provide a limit to the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94944 |
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| Boerema, Nicholas; Kay, Merlinde; MacGill, Iain. |
| This paper examines how key characteristics of the underlying wind and solar resources may impact on their energy value within the Australian National Electricity Market(NEM). Analysis has been performed for wind generation using half hour NEM data for South Australia over the 2008-9 financial year. The potential integration of large scale solar generation has been modelled using direct normal solar radiant energy measurements from the Bureau of Meteorology for six sites across the NEM. For wind energy, the level and variability of actual wind farm outputs in South Australia is analysed. High levels of wind generation in that State have been found to have a strong secondary effect on spot prices. Wind generation's low operating costs will see it displacing... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Energy value; Integration; NEM; Solar; Variability; Wind; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107740 |
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| Boerema, Nicholas; MacGill, Iain. |
| The impacts of transmission congestion and network investment on the development of the Australian wind energy industry have received growing attention from wind farm developers as well as relevant policy stakeholders such as the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC). There are many potential wind farm sites across the country with excellent wind regimes yet only limited transmission capacity. At least one wind farm in South Australia has spent a period following construction where its output was curtailed by transmission constraints (NEMMCO, 2009). Current market rules do not guarantee dispatch to an existing wind farm as more wind generation connects to the same transmission. Given the expense of transmission network extension and augmentation,... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Integration; Market price; NEM; South Australia; Wind; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107741 |
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| Cutler, Nicholas; MacGill, Iain; Outhred, Hugh. |
| The analysis presented in this research report is intended to provide insights into likely outcomes of expanding wind generation in South Australia and other regions of the National Electricity Market (NEM). Under the recently legislated expanded renewable energy target, and to improve our understanding of wind integration, this report assesses the interaction between wind generation, electricity demand and regional spot prices. Market data from current installed wind generation in South Australia over the most recent year were analysed. Our results suggest that electricity demand currently has the greatest influence on spot prices. Fluctuating South Australian wind generation levels, however, do have a significant secondary influence. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94887 |
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