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| Fuller, Stephen W.; Makus, Larry D.; Gallimore, William. |
| Some believe Panama Canal toll rates will increase dramatically as Panama's sovereignty over the Canal becomes complete at the end of this century. This paper focuses on the ability of Panama Canal management to extract additional toll revenues from United States grain traversing the Canal and the impact of increased toll rates on export grain flows. Analyses show toll rates established by a revenue-maximizing Canal management would exceed historical and current rates. A monopolizing Canal operator would have moderately increased Pacific port exports in the mid-1970s; whereas, in the 1979-82 period, Pacific port flows would have exceeded historical levels. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29733 |
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| Makus, Larry D.; Wang, H. Holly; Chen, Xiaomei. |
| Risk management strategies (market and insurance based) are evaluated for selected small grain producers in the Pacific Northwest using expected utility maximization. Equivalent variation (EV) compares alternative risk management portfolios to cash sales under specified restrictions and conditions. Resulting EV's are strongly influenced by government payments, and hedging-based strategies are not used when counter cyclical payments are included in government programs. Optimum risk management portfolios include extensive coverage by insurance-based products only when such products have premiums that are heavily subsidized, or have premiums with no significant expense load. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22257 |
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| Makus, Larry D.; Guenthner, Joseph F.; Lin, Biing-Hwan. |
| A probit model identifies characteristics influencing Idaho potato producer support or opposition to a state mandatory certified seed law. Economic self interest appears to be the most important influencer. Current users of certified seed and growers of certified seed are strong supporters. However, producer attitudes about the impact of seed-borne diseases and effectiveness of certified seed as a control mechanism also are important. Respondent characteristics (gross farm income, potato acreage, and geographic region of the state) seem to be less important influencers. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30944 |
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| Chen, Xiaomei; Wang, H. Holly; Makus, Larry D.. |
| This paper empirically examines the income risks for Pacific Northwest apple growers, both conventional and organic. Current yield based apple production insurance, the Growers Yield Certification (GYC), and hypothesized revenue based insurance are also examined for their risk management effect on growers. Results show that organic apple production is more risky but has higher expected return than its conventional counterpart. The current GYC is subsidized and subsidized more for organic growers. However, the current low price selection levels prevent these programs from offering effective risk reducing effect, and they also prevent the hypothesized revenue insurance from showing its advantage over yield insurance as in the case of other major field... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9381 |
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| Wang, H. Holly; Makus, Larry D.; Chen, Xiaomei. |
| The 2002 Food Security and Rural Investment (FSRI) Act introduced a price protection program called Counter Cyclical Payments (CCP) to major grain producers in the US. The CCP program is an addition to the Loan Deficiency Payment (LDP) and Direct Payment (DP) programs from the previous 1996 Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act. At the same time, US federally subsidized crop revenue insurance programs also protect farmers from market and production risks. These government policy programs may crowd out the traditional price risk management role of hedging in commodity futures markets. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36259 |
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