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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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| Malcolm, Scott A.; Soule, Meredith J.. |
| Agricultural productivity measurement has been of great interest in recent years. Although analysts have long recognized that land quality plays an important role in agricultural productivity, land quality has been difficult to quantify and include in productivity models due to d ata limitations. Poor land quality, in the form of desertification, erosion, and poor soil quality, as well as climate and precipitation may limit growth in productivity over time. A Malmquist productivity index is proposed that decomposes productivity into efficiency change, technical change and land quality components and accounts for inter-country differences in land quality. The index is then applied to a 109-country data set covering 1980 to 2003. Many countries with lower... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25537 |
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| Narrod, Clare A.; Malcolm, Scott A.; Ollinger, Michael; Roberts, Tanya. |
| Foodborne pathogens cause millions of human illnesses annually, many resulting in death or chronic illnesses. Universal methods to evaluate microbial risks and their associated costs have yet to be developed. Typically, risk analysis and economic analysis have been carried out independently. In this paper, we link a risk analysis model based on typical slaughterhouse practices with a decision model to evaluate the cost effectiveness of various combinations of pathogen reducing technologies. We describe technological change with regard to pathogen reduction in meat and compare the use, effectiveness, and the degree to which different control technologies have penetrated the market. We follow with the description of a cost-effectiveness framework for... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21562 |
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| Malcolm, Scott A.. |
| Recent legislation has set ambitious targets for cellulosic ethanol to be realized in the not-too-distant future. While corn-based ethanol will continue to be the most important supply, its share—but not the quantity—will diminish over time. How agriculture responds to market and environmental challenges will be in large part governed by the evolution and adoption of cellulosic ethanol production technology. One possible scenario is that development of cellulosic production technology occurs more rapidly than expected, before the establishment of alternative cellulosic feedstocks, enabling crop residues to be used in lieu of corn during the transition to dedicated energy crops. This article examines the market and environmental consequences of shifting... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53500 |
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| Narrod, Clare A.; Malcolm, Scott A.; Kost, William E.. |
| This paper develops a method to examine data on fresh produce imports from Latin America and the Caribbean into the United States from 1993-1999 to determine: 1) if there are significant differences in frequency of interceptions for a specific product for the region or a specific country within the region, and 2) whether significant changes in trade flows for specific products have occurred between points of origin and ports of entry. The results show that there are indeed differences between countries with respect to interception frequency, however current data on the fumigation frequency for a commodity/country or commodity/port of entry is not sufficient to determine the causes that underlie differences in frequencies between countries. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21789 |
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| Lynch, Lori; Malcolm, Scott A.; Zilberman, David. |
| It has been hypothesized that differentially applied environmental regulations create pollution havens, as firms will choose to invest in countries with lax environmental standards. Using a theoretical model of pest control adoption and an empirical spatial equilibrium model, we examine one such environmental regulation, a U.S. ban on methyl bromide, to determine if an agricultural pollution haven will be created in Mexico. Alterations in agricultural production location, trade patterns, and methyl bromide use are determined. We find that, under the assumptions held, Mexico will not dramatically increase its use of methyl bromide following the ban. Sensitivity analysis to this result is conducted. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Environmental regulations; Methyl bromide; Production location; Spatial equilibrium model; Pesticide adoption; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10202 |
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| Malcolm, Scott A.. |
| Nature reserve planning models to maximize species protection are typically formulated for a single period using certain data. In practice, however, parcels must be acquired over time. The status of a parcel may change due to conversion to alternate land use. Populations of species to be protected may change, as well. A two-stage stochastic program that maximizes expected species protection with annual budget constraints is proposed where parcels available for set aside have associated probabilities of being available for acquisition and species coverage. Runs on hypothetical data show that solutions differ from the single period model and depend strongly on the probability of acquisition in future periods. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15829 |
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| Hellerstein, Daniel; Malcolm, Scott A.. |
| How might increases in commodity prices, along with the acreage reduction mandated in the 2008 Farm Act, impact the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)? Modeling Strategy The Likely To Bid (LTB) model “restarts” the CRP from scratch. Uses National Resources Inventory data to find parcels “likely” to offer acreage to the CRP Policy scenarios We consider several scenarios, both with and without increases in CRP rental rates. Continuation of current prices, which are well above prices prevalent when most CRP contracts were enrolled Predicted prices due to an increase in biofuels production to 15 billion gallons Expectation that summer 2008 prices will be the norm Findings Continuation of current, relatively high commodity prices would have noticeable... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: CRP; Biofuels; Commodity price changes; Likely To Bid model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60933 |
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| Registros recuperados: 11 | |
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