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The Impact of Gasoline Prices on Internet Purchases AgEcon
Martens, Andrea.
The proposition of a carbon tax has reinvigorated the discussion about the price elasticity of gasoline demand. This paper analyzes how consumers react to higher gas prices in a new setting, examining whether they choose Internet purchasing over in-store purchasing when gas prices increase. Prior studies of Internet purchases have focused mainly on local sales tax rates, traditional retail options, and prices. This is the first study to incorporate transportation costs directly, studying 155,000 households across the U.S. from 2008 through 2009. The impact of gas prices on individuals' transportation budget depends on the fuel efficiency of their vehicles, on the distance that they need to drive, and on the availability of alternate public transportation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Carbon tax; Gasoline prices; Retail; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103601
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Too Connected to Fail: The Effect of Alliance Network Structure on Farm Survival AgEcon
Kirwan, Barrett E.; Martens, Andrea.
Exogenous, unobserved factors often confound the effects of alliance networks. More capable farmers might be less likely to exit and more likely to have a large number of alliances. In this case the negative correlation between alliance network size and exit likelihood is due to the unobserved confounder--farmer ability--not the effect of network size on exit likelihood. Recognizing the endogeneity of alliance network size when determining a farm’s survival likelihood, we employ an empirical model that accounts for the bias caused by unobserved effects. We account for time-invariant unobserved effects with individual fixed effects. We control for county-level confounding factors with a time-varying county effect. Finally, we address unobserved,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Networks; Alliances; Agriculture; Policy; Organizational structure; Industrial organization; Finance; Entrepreneurship; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty; L1; L14; L26; Q1; Q14; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103573
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