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| Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Le Mennec, Cecile; Miura, Takayuki; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Guyader, Soizick. |
| Human enteric viruses discharged in raw sewage are hightly resistant and may be detected in surface waters, coastal areas and shellfish. Whereas noroviruses, responsible for relatively benign acute gastroentritis, are the most common agents implicated in shellfish borne outbreaks, other human viruses which cause severe human diseases, such as hepatitis A virus, may also be transmitted. Environmental studies have demonstrated that virus concentrations detected in shellfish are higher than in surrounding waters. This concentration may explain the high prevalence of noroviruses detected in various shellfish species collected in different countries. If many questions remain regarding viral contamination of shellfish, the most important seems to be the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Human enteric viruses; Norovirus; Hepatitis A virus; Coquillage; Virus entérique humain; Norovirus; Virus de l'hépatite A. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00317/42849/42258.pdf |
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| Miura, Takayuki; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Grodzki, Marco; Okabe, Satoshi; Atmar, Robert L.; Le Guyader, Soizick. |
| Norovirus is the most common agent implicated in food-borne outbreaks and is frequently detected in environmental samples. These viruses are highly diverse, and three genogroups (genogroup I [GI], GII, and GIV) infect humans. Being noncultivable viruses, real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) is the only sensitive method available for their detection in food or environmental samples. Selection of consensus sequences for the design of sensitive assays has been challenging due to sequence diversity and has led to the development of specific real-time RT-PCR assays for each genogroup. Thus, sample screening can require several replicates for amplification of each genogroup (without considering positive and negative controls or standard curves). This... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00162/27313/25544.pdf |
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| Miura, Takayuki; Lhomme, Sebastien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Mehaute, Philippe; Guillois, Yvonnick; Couturier, Elizabeth; Izopet, Jacques; Abranavel, Florence; Le Guyader, Soizick. |
| A hepatitis E outbreak, which occurred on a small isolated island, provided an opportunity to evaluate the association between the number of hepatitis E cases in the community and the concentration of virus detected in sewage. Samples were collected from the different sewage treatment plants from the island and analyzed for the presence of hepatitis E (HEV) virus using real-time RT-PCR. We demonstrated that if 1–4 % of inhabitants connected to a WWTP were infected with HEV, raw sewage contained HEV at detectable levels. The finding that such a small number of infected people can contaminate municipal sewage works raises the potential of the further distribution of the virus. Indeed, investigating the routes of transmission of HEV, including the potential... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis E virus; Wastewater treatment plant; Quantification. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00334/44482/44199.pdf |
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| Miura, Takayuki; Schaeffer, Julien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Mehaute, Philippe; Le Guyader, Soizick. |
| We investigated removal of noroviruses, sapoviruses, and rotaviruses in a full-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant by monitoring virus concentrations in wastewater samples during two gastroenteritis seasons and evaluating the adsorption of viruses to mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS). Sapoviruses and rotaviruses were detected in 25% of MBR effluent samples with log reduction values of 3- and 2-logs in geometric mean concentrations, respectively, while noroviruses were detected in only 6% of the samples. We found that norovirus and sapovirus concentrations in the solid phase of mixed liquor samples were significantly higher than in the liquid phase (P < 0.01, t test), while the concentration of rotaviruses was similar in both phases. The efficiency... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Norovirus; Sapovirus; Rotavirus; MBR; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Adsorption. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00414/52548/53441.pdf |
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