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| Autio, Elena; Sihto, Ulla; Mononen, Jaakko; Heiskanen, Minna-Liisa. |
| The demand for information relating to the nutrition of horses in a cold environment is increasing with the popularity of loose housing of horses. This study examined the energy intake and growth of 10 weanling horses from November to March (22 weeks) in a loose housing system (paddock and insulated sleeping hall with deep-litter bed). The horses were measured weekly for body condition and body weight, and the feeding was adjusted according to a horse’s body condition. Metabolizable energy (ME) intake was compared to Finnish (MTT 2006) and Swedish (SLU 2004) nutrient requirements for 6–12-month-old horses. ME intake (75.5 ± 11.8 MJ d-1, mean ± SD) was on average 24.6% above the requirements. The intake varied in a non-linear fashion in the course of the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/16975/1/autio.pdf |
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| Martiskainen, Paula; Tuomisto, Leena; Huuskonen, Arto; Mononen, Jaakko. |
| Training cattle to avoid electric fences before turnout to grazing reduces the risk of the animals breaking out from their paddock. We investigated the time needed for dairy bull calves to learn to avoid a light-built electric fence. Nineteen dairy bull calves were trained to an electric fence in a training yard during seven days. The number of electric shocks the animals received from the training fence was recorded continuously. After the training period, the calves were turned to pasture. Nine of the animals were also grazed the following summer as yearlings, and observed before turnout in a smaller enclosure. The calves got more shocks from the fence during training hour 1 than during any of the following seven hours. The number of shocks the calves... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/16889/1/martiskainen.pdf |
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