SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Walters, Lurleen M.; Napasintuwong, Orachos; Iwai, Nobuyuki; Emerson, Robert D..

Immigration reform may significantly impact the specialty crops sector since more than half of the workforce is foreign-born and undocumented. Based on data from the National Agricultural Workers Survey, the trends pertaining to workers' legal status, employment and wage rates in the U.S. and Florida farm labor markets are examined.

Institutional and Socioeconomic Model of Farm Mechanization and Foreign Workers

Palavras-chave: Immigration reform; Legal status; Specialty crops; Employment; Wage rates.; Labor and Human Capital; J430.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35449

FARM MECHANIZATION AND THE FARM LABOR MARKET: A SOCIOECONOMIC MODEL OF INDUCED INNOVATION

Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15663

A cost function approach of induced innovation is used to measure the biases in U.S. agricultural technology between 1969-1999. The rate of technological change is explained by socioeconomic variables. The post-IRCA results show that an increasingly illegal workforce significantly induces contract labor using technology, and significantly induces capital saving technology.

Institutional and Socioeconomic Model of Farm Mechanization and Foreign Workers

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35117

A multi-output cost function approach to induced innovation is adopted to analyze the impact of socioeconomic variables and institutional factors on technological change in agriculture. Focusing on the impact of immigration policy and farm mechanization, the study includes variables such as H-2A or guest workers, deportable Mexicans working in agriculture representing the percentage of unauthorized workers, the public and private research expenditures on farm mechanization and other research on agricultural technology. We found that over the 1971-1995 period, the technology was biased toward labor-saving technology, but was capital-neutral. The number of unauthorized workers had no significant effect on cost shares; the number of H-2A workers had a...

INDUCED INNOVATIONS AND FOREIGN WORKERS IN U.S. AGRICULTURE

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19244

A cost function approach of induced innovation is used to measure the biases in U.S. agricultural technology between 1948-1994. The results show significant labor-saving, capital-using technical change. Focusing on the impact of migration policy on labor-saving technology, a simulation of different rates of labor-saving technical change is conducted. The simulation shows decreases in elasticity of labor demand and demand quantity, and an increase in wage rate as technology becomes more labor-saving.

Induced Innovations and Foreign Workers in U.S. Agriculture

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19738

A cost function approach of induced innovation is used to measure the biases in U.S. agricultural technology between 1948-1994. The results show significant labor-saving, capital-using technical change. Focusing on the impact of migration policy on labor-saving technology, a simulaton of different rates of labor-saving technical change is conducted. The simulation shows decreases in elasticity of labor demand and demand quantity, and an increase in wage rate as technology becomes more labor-saving.

Farm Mechanization and the Farm Labor Market: A Socioeconomic Model of Induced Innovation

Palavras-chave: Induced innovation; Biased technical change; Foreign labor; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q160; J430; O300.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15641

Immigration Policy and the Agricultural Labor Market: The Effect on Job Duration

Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15652

Iwai, Nobuyuki; Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..

LABOR SUBSTITUTABILITY IN LABOR INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE IN THE PRESENCE OF FOREIGN LABOR

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15659

The Morishima elasticity of substitution (MES) is estimated to address factor substitutability in Florida agriculture during 1960-1999. By adopting a profit maximization model of induced innovation theory, the MES's between hired and self-employed labor and the MES's between labor and capital provide implications for future immigration policies.

IMMIGRATION POLICY AND THE AGRICULTURAL LABOR MARKET: THE EFFECT ON JOB DURATION

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20048

Iwai, Nobuyuki; Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..

We have proposed and estimated a Heckman-type two stage model with legal status of farm workers using an ordered probit model in the first stage and a duration model in the second stage. Using the National Agricultural Workers Survey, self-reported legal status categories are: unauthorized, authorized, permanent resident, or citizen. The duration model is estimated conditionally upon the worker's legal status to address selectivity bias. The duration estimation has significant coefficients on the selection bias correction term for all legal status equations except for that of citizen workers. The most important finding from our estimation is that unauthorized workers do not necessarily have shorter farm job durations than legal workers. First, the...

Labor Substitutability in Labor Intensive Agriculture and Technological Change in the Presence of Foreign Labor

Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19501

Trade Adjustment Assistance by Industry: Florida

Palavras-chave: Morhishima elasticity of substitution; Induced innovation; Biased technical change; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q160; J430; O300.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15649

VanSickle, John J.; Walters, Lurleen M.; Napasintuwong, Orachos; Emerson, Robert D..

Immigrant Workers and Technological Change in U.S. Agriculture: A Profit Maximization Approach of Induced Innovation

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15686

This paper analyzes changes in U.S. agricultural technology during 1960-1999, emphasizing the role of immigrant workers on farm mechanization. The rates and directions of biased technological change based on the induced innovation theory are compared before and after the passage of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 which was intended to reduce employment of unauthorized workers. Unlike previous studies of induced innovation, this paper develops a new theoretical and empirical model of induced innovation using a profit maximization approach. The contribution of the profit maximization approach is that it allows changes in output combinations as a result of technological change. We found that the technology was biased against hired and...