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| Registros recuperados: 42 | |
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| Nehring, Richard F.; Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge; Banker, David E.. |
| While the growing importance of off-farm earnings suggests large benefits accrue to farmers from efforts to expand off-farm income opportunities, survival still depends on greater efficiency. To comprehensively gauge the economic health of farm operator households we interpret off-farm income as an output along with corn, soybeans, livestock, and other crops. To accomplish this task we use two related methodologies. First, using 2000 data, we setup a multiactivity cost function to analyze labor allocation decisions within the farm operator household and also to estimate returns to scale and scope. Second, using 1996-2000 data, we follow an input distance function approach to estimate returns to scale, technical progress, cost economies, and technical... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19763 |
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| Nehring, Richard F.; Christensen, Lee A.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Sandretto, Carmen L.. |
| Recent trends in livestock concentration suggest that there may be an increasing risk of water pollution from manure applications. These trends in livestock operations may be offsetting improvements in commercial fertilizer management that have the potential to reduce the risk of water pollution. This conclusion was derived by tracking excess nutrient trends between 1996 and 2002 and by examining measures of economic performance for livestock farms. First, a link was established between the expansion of AFOs (Animal Feeding Operations) and excess nutrients from commercial fertilizer and manure sources. Second, technical efficiency was measured in order to identify whether technical efficiency explains structural change and in order to see whether... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34764 |
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| Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Ball, V. Eldon; Felthoven, Ronald G.; Nehring, Richard F.. |
| This study uses a cost-function-based model of production processes in U.S. agriculture to represent producers' input and output decisions, and the implied costs of reductions in risk associated with leaching and runoff from agricultural chemical use. The model facilitates evaluation of the statistical significance of measured shadow values for "bad" outputs, and their input- and output-specific components, with a focus on the impacts on pesticide demand and its quality and quantity aspects. The shadow values of risk reduction are statistically significant, and imply increased demand for effective pesticides over time that stem largely from improvements in quality due to embodied technology, and that vary substantively by region. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11986 |
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| MacDonald, James M.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; McBride, William D.; Nehring, Richard F.; Sandretto, Carmen L.; Mosheim, Roberto. |
| U.S. dairy production is consolidating into fewer but larger farms. This report uses data from several USDA surveys to detail that consolidation and to analyze the financial drivers of consolidation. Specifically, larger farms realize lower production costs. Although small dairy farms realize higher revenue per hundredweight of milk sold, the cost advantages of larger size allow large farms to be profitable, on average, even while most small farms are unable to earn enough to replace their capital. Further survey evidence, as well as the financial data, suggest that consolidation is likely to continue. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming; Economies of scale; Economies of size; Dairy farm structure; Milk costs; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6704 |
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| O'Donoghue, Erik J.; MacDonald, James M.; Nehring, Richard F.. |
| Water quality has implications for the health of our ecosystem and the welfare of our population. Agriculture is one of the major contributors of non-point source pollution that contaminates our nation's water supplies. Understanding how farmers substitute manure for commercial fertilizers allows us to better understand the level of nitrogen that enters the soil and can seep into our waterways. In this paper, we explore the factors that help determine farmers' substitution rates between the two types of fertilizers. Location, crop type, and time all could play important roles. We analyze USDA farm level survey data for both crop and livestock farms covering the years 1996 to 2002 to create substitution rate estimates used on corn, soybean, and wheat... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19252 |
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| Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge; Mishra, Ashok K.; Nehring, Richard F.; Hendricks, Chad; Southern, Malaya; Gregory, Alexandra. |
| The economic well-being of most U.S. farm households depends on income from both onfarm and off-farm activities. Consequently, for many farm households, economic decisions (including technology adoption and other production decisions) are likely to be shaped by the allocation of managerial time among such activities. While time allocation decisions are usually not measured directly, we observe the outcomes of such decisions, such as onfarm and off-farm income. This report finds that a farm operator’s off-farm employment and off-farm income vary inversely with the size of the farm. Operators of smaller farm operations improve their economic performance by compensating for the scale disadvantages of their farm business with more off-farm involvement.... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Off-farm income; Farm households; Economic performance; Managerial time; Scale economies; Scope economies; Technical efficiency; Technology adoption; Farm size; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7234 |
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| Ahearn, Mary Clare; Yee, Jet; Ball, V. Eldon; Nehring, Richard F.. |
| Increased productivity is a key to a healthy and thriving economy. Consequently, the trend in productivity, economywide, is one of the most closely watched of our common economic performance indicators. Agriculture, in particular, has been a very successful sector of the U.S. economy in terms of productivity growth. The U.S. farm sector has provided an abundance of output while using inputs efficiently. Agricultural productivity growth has been an important source of U.S. economic growth throughout the century, but the years since 1940 have seen an even faster growth in agricultural productivity. The annual average increase in productivity from 1948 to 1994 was 1.94 percent. This reflects an annual growth in output of 1.88 percent per year and an actual... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Efficiency; Agricultural production; Outputs; Inputs; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33687 |
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| Ball, V. Eldon; Lovell, C.A. Knox; Luu, H.; Nehring, Richard F.. |
| Agricultural production is known to have environmental impacts, both adverse and beneficial, and it is desirable to incorporate at least some of these impacts in an environmentally sensitive productivity index. In this paper, we construct indicators of water contamination from the use of agricultural chemicals. These environmental indicators are merged with data on marketed outputs and purchased inputs to form a state-by-year panel of relative levels of outputs and inputs, including environmental impacts. We do not have prices for these undesirable by products, since they are not marketed. Consequently, we calculate a series of Malmquist productivity indexes, which do not require price information. Our benchmark scenario is a conventional Malmquist... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environmental impacts; Productivity growth; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30911 |
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| Registros recuperados: 42 | |
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