SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Huuskonen, Arto; Kuisma, Miia; Nykänen, Arja; Heinonen-Tanski, Helvi.

Numbers of faecal microbes (faecal coliforms, enterococci, sulphite-reducing clostridia and coliphages) were determined in run-off waters from cattle farms in 1998-2005. Water samples were collected from drain wells and open ditches adjacent to exercise yards and forested feedlots for cattle, a grass field with slurry applications and a pasture with buffer strips. The indicator numbers were the highest in run-off waters from asphalt exercise yards while the figures were even 100-fold smaller in waters from a bark covered yard. In the forested feedlots, where cattle were fed for the winter months or all the year round, the indicator numbers were as high as the ones in a grass field with slurry applications or a pasture. There was a severe risk of...

Research program for organic food and farming in Finland

Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/8969/1/ymparisto1.pdf

The Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry started a three-year research programme on organic food and farming in 2003. The programme consists of 15 projects on different themes covering the whole food chain and has an annual budget of about 2.2 MEUR. All ongoing projects on organic food and farming in Finland can be found at the web site http://www.agronet.fi/luotu/eng/index.htm.

Soils characteristics affecting BNF of organically grown red clover in Finland

Palavras-chave: Markets and trade; Crop husbandry; Animal husbandry.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://orgprints.org/5927/1/nykanen.rtf

In this study we will study the variation of sward yield, its clover content and biological nitrogen fixation of red clover of a two hectares field under organic farming.

Fitting legumes into an established farming system

Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/4252/1/4252.pdf

Stoddard, Fred; Nykänen, Arja; Lizarazo, Clara.

Legume crops are an important part of healthy crop rotations. They offer more than just the harvested part: residual N, healthy soil, broken cereal disease cycles, ecological services. In 10 years 10 % of the arable land of Europe could be under legumes to meet our needs for livestock feed. Increased production of legumes will: Provide local feed, reduce international nitrogen imports and other "feed miles". Contribute biologically fixed nitrogen to energy crops as well as mainstream crops. Increase yield and quality of following crops. Add diversity to farm income streams.

On-farm estimation of clover content of mixed swards

Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/17778/1/stoddard.pdf

Estimation of clover content of mixed swards is difficult in practice. We are currently in the process of developing several on-farm methods for clover content estimaton. Yield samples with known area from several points of the field are separated for clovers and grasses and weighted. The clover content of yield (% in dry matter) can be calculated with formula y=23.90Ln(number of clover plants/m² in spring) - 18.759.

EXPERIENCES ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF ON-FARM RESEARCH IN EASTERN FINLAND

Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/4125/1/Errata2.pdf

Nykänen, Arja; Kurki, Päivi; Rinne, Marketta.

In Finland, as well as in many other countries, on-farm research is becoming more and more common. The reasons are many-fold. Agricultural research stations are closed down due to economical constraints and researchers want to have ‘real data’ from the farms. Advisors see on-farm research as a new and efficient tool to show farmers good practices in their production. In addition, for farmers it is an attractive way of testing suitable farming practices in the environment of their own farm.

Nitrogen dynamics of organic farming in a crop rotation based on red clover (Trifolium pratense) leys

Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://orgprints.org/23901/1/23901_MM.pdf

Assessing the sustainability of EU dairy farms with different management systems and husbandry practices

In agricultural systems which rely on organic sources of nitrogen (N), of which the primary source is biological N fixation (BNF), it is extremely important to use N as efficiently as possible with minimal losses to the environment. The amount of N through BNF should be maximised and the availability of the residual N after legumes should be synchronised to the subsequent plant needs in the crop rotation. Six field experiments in three locations in Finland were conducted in 1994-2006 to determine the productivity and amount of BNF in red clover-grass leys of different ages. The residual effects of the leys for subsequent cereals as well as the N leaching risk were studied by field measurements and by simulation using the CoupModel. N use efficiency (NUE)...

Tipo: Thesis

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://orgprints.org/13524/1/met121.pdf

Leach, Katharine; Gerrard, Catherine L; Kudahl, Anne Braad; Nykänen, Arja; Vaarst, Mette; Weissensteiner, Roswitha; Padel, Susanne.

The EU funded SOLID project supports research which will contribute to the competitiveness of organic and low input dairy systems, and increase their sustainability. There are many aspects of the sustainability of dairy farms, relating to economic, environmental and social dimensions, and methods of animal husbandry can affect all of these. A UK spreadsheet based tool for rapid assessment of the whole farm was adapted for application on a range of organic and low input dairy farms across the EU. This tool was used to assess approximately ten organic dairy farms in each of four EU countries. Data on farm management practices collected in face to face interviews with farmers were entered and the tool then calculated a composite score for each of 11 separate...

Organic food and farming research in Finland

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Indicators and other value-laden measures; Feeding and growth; Health and welfare; Environmental aspects.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://orgprints.org/21761/7/21761.pdf

Economics, food and markets research under research program for organic food and farming in Finland

In Finland we have a tendency of increasing activities in organic food and farming research during last five years. Most of the organic food and farming research i Finland is carried out at the MTT Agrifood Research Finland. The rest is done at the universities and other institutes.

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/9206/1/fnytt206d.pdf

Report on Organic Food and Farming in Finland

Nykänen, Arja; Heikkilä, Anna-Maija; Huhtala, Anni; Kottila, Marja-Riitta; Lätti, Markku; Mäkelä, Johanna; Seppänen, Laura.

In a three-year Research program of organic food and farming in Finland there are five projects under the theme of economics, food and markets. The projects focus on local and organic food systems, environmental economy of organic farming, farm co-operation and economy of suckler cow-based beef production. First results are now available.

Tipo: Other

Palavras-chave: Markets and trade.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://orgprints.org/5214/1/5214.doc

Nykänen, Arja; Järvenpää, Markku.

The interest in research on organic farming grew in the beginning of the 1980s. In 1980, an extensive seven-year-project started in cooperation between several institutions investigating the possibility to improve the efficiency of nitrogen fixation and utilisation of nitrogen fertilisers and cow manure. Two extensive comparative projects began in 1982: (1) conventional and organic cropping systems at Suitia, University of Helsinki and (2) self-sufficient crop rotation and cropping system by the Agricultural Research Centre of Finland at its regional research stations. In September 1985, the Partala Centre for Rural Development for research on organic farming was founded in Juva. The University of Helsinki, Juva municipality and some other organisations...

Tipo: Book chapter

Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; Finland; Research communication and quality.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/8791/1/nykaenen%2D2006%2Dfinland%2Dresearch.pdf

Waste composts as nitrogen fertilizers for forage leys

Effects of grass-red clover silage digestibility and concentrate protein concentration on performance, carcass value, eating quality and economy of finishing Hereford bulls reared in cold conditions

Tontti, Tiina; Nykänen, Arja; Kuisma, Miia.

Two field experiments, conventional grass ley and organic grass-clover ley, were established with barley as a nurse crop in spring 2000 and given either low or high fertilization with mineral fertilizer (Mineral) or composts. The compost types were municipal biowaste (Biowaste), biowaste + sewage sludge (BioSludge) and cattle manure (Manure). Plant yields and nitrogen (N) uptakes were measured for three years and efficiency of N utilization was estimated. In single application of compost, the total N was mainly in organic form and less than 10% was in inorganic form. Along with increasing amount of inorganic N applied in compost, the yield, N uptake and N recovery increased during the application year. The highest compost N recovery in the application year...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/16627/1/tontti.pdf

Manninen, Merja; Honkavaara, Markku; Jauhiainen, Lauri; Nykänen, Arja; Heikkilä, Anna-Maija.

The aim of the present experiment was to study the effects of (1) digestibility of grass-red clover silage (GCS) and (2) concentrate protein concentration on the performance, eating quality and economy of Hereford bulls during a six months pre-slaughter period, and reared in cold indoor facilities. Thirty-one bulls with an initial live weight (LW) of 289 kg were selected for a 2 �~ 2 factorial design experiment consisting of two primary growth GCSs harvested at different maturities (in vitro digestible organic matter (OM) in dry matter (DM), D value: Early-cut, E, 750 g kg-1 DM; Late-cut, L, 699 g kg-1 DM) and two concentrate crude protein concentrations (Medium, M, 170 g kg-1 DM; High, H, 210 g kg-1 DM). The concentrate comprised milled barley and...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19401/1/manninen.pdf

Report on improved use of research facilities and topics relevant for integration, and training schemes

Effective green manuring via biogas production

This report describes the possibilities of different research facilities to fulfil the research needs established by the participating countries of the CORE Organic project. The report is based on information given in the WP4 report, WP6 report and WP6 final report.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://orgprints.org/13538/1/improved.pdf

Nykänen, Arja; Kymäläinen, Maritta; Lemola, Riitta.

The preliminary results show that the benefit from anaerobic digestion of the green manure leys seem to be based more on biogas energy production than for higher yields after anaerobic digestion. The N leaching risk is under determination.

Plant production and soil science research under research program for organic food and farming in Finland

Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19403/1/Arja.doc

Analysis of OFF research topics in CORE Organic participating countries

Nykänen, Arja; Hakala, Kaija; Halinen, Arja; Hannukkala, Asko; Keskitalo, Marjo; Kirkkari, Anna-Maija; Palojärvi, Ansa; Tolonen, Kaisa; Tontti, Tiina.

In a three-year Research program of organic food and farming in Finland there are six projects under theme plant production and soil science. The projects focus on potato and red clover cultivation, waste composts and meat-bone meal as organic fertilizer and on-farm soil quality testing. Preliminary results are now available.

Tipo: Other

Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://orgprints.org/5213/1/5213.doc

Nykänen, Arja; Canali, Stefano.

This analysis of OFF research in the participating countries of CORE Organic is based on titles of projects running during the time period 2000-2007, with some variation from country to country. Lists of project titles were taken from country reports.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/13539/1/tutkimusaiheet.pdf

Exercise yards in Finland - structures and environmental impact

Puumala, Maarit; Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Nykänen, Arja; Heinonen-Tanski, Helvi.

Two exercise yards have been designed, constructed and monitored. Samples from the runoff water have been taken regularly, and their nutrient concentrations(nitrogen, phosphor), total solids, pH, total chemical oxygen demand and hygienic quality have been analysed. The behaviour of animals has been observed.

Field-scale spatial variation in yields and nitrogen fixation of clover-grass leys and in soil nutrients

Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://orgprints.org/4124/1/4124.pdf

Nykänen, Arja; Jauhiainen, Lauri; Kemppainen, Jukka; Lindström, Kristina.

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) plays a crucial role in organic farming and red clover (Trifolium pratense) is cultivated widely in boreal grasslands for BNF. A geostatistical method, model-based kriging, was used to determine the spatial variation in yield, clover content and BNF of clover-grass leys as well as soil chemical properties throughout two fields in 2004-2006. Based on this variation, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the similar patterns of variation. On one location, total dry matter yields of the leys decreased over three production years from 9 700 to 4 100 kg ha-1, clover content from 53 to 26% and BNF from 150 to 40 kg N ha-1, whereas on the other location the yields increased from 6 500 to 7 100 kg ha-1, clover...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://orgprints.org/16628/1/nykanen.pdf

How to establish a perennial legume-grass sward?

Nykänen, Arja; Nykänen-Kurki, Päivi.

In 2002, a field experiment with split-plot design was established in Juva in order to compare the use of nurse crop to establish perennial legume grass sward in organic farming.