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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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| Boughton, Duncan; Crawford, Eric W.; Howard, Julie A.; Oehmke, James F.; Shaffer, James D.; Staatz, John M.. |
| Recent studies have shown that agricultural research can have high payoffs in Africa, but impact depends on how well technology fits with evolving needs and capacity in the agricultural sector and the rest of the economy. Structural adjustment policies (e.g., market liberalization, currency devaluation) and political change are transforming user demands for new technology and the economic environment in which technology must perform. The challenge is how to design agricultural research as a strategic input to promote broad-based economic growth, structural transformation, and food security in the increasingly market-driven, but fragile, economies of Africa. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Agricultural Research; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads May 2008-July 2009: 44; Q18. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54702 |
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| Oehmke, James F.; Wolf, Christopher A.. |
| This paper examines technology benefit allocation between an innovating firm and heterogeneous technology adopters. Using a triangular distribution of adopter innovation value, we find that as the upper bound increases, optimal innovation price increases, but at a slower rate. Similarly, as the lower bound decreases, price decreases and producer benefits increase. Finally, greater producer heterogeneity leads to greater producer benefits from innovation in non-competitive markets. An empirical application of the model is considered, bovine somatotropin adoption on dairy farms. The model generates an intuitive explanation of the common finding that average adopters are making zero or negative profits. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19777 |
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| Oehmke, James F.; Wolf, Christopher A.. |
| We examine the allocation of technology rents between a price-setting, innovating monopolist and heterogeneous technology adopters. A model of monopoly pricing in the presence of heterogeneous adopters is used to examine conditions under which greater producer (farmer) heterogeneity leads to greater producer benefit from innovation in non-competitive markets. An application to Bt cotton determines the profit-maximizing price of Bt cotton seed and reveals that Monsanto and Delta and Pine Land are indeed leaving money on the table in the form of unexploited profit opportunities. However, we estimate that the presence of heterogeneous adopters explains over 80% of the rents that accrue to the farmers. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bt cotton; Heterogeneous adopters; Innovation; Monopoly pricing; Technology; Valuation distribution; L1; O3; Q1. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43469 |
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| Oehmke, James F.; Wolf, Christopher A.; Weatherspoon, Dave D.; Naseem, Anwar; Maredia, Mywish K.; Raper, Kellie Curry; Hightower, Amie L.. |
| Several characteristics of biotech industry structure follow cyclical patterns. Mergers and acquisitions activity shows cyclical behavior, with peaks from 1988-92 and 1996-97 and a valley from 1993-95. The ratio of large-firm to small-firm field trials, and the Herfindahl-Hirshmann concentration index, move pro-cyclically with M&A activity. This paper develops a formal, dynamic, neo-Schumpeterian model of endogenous R&D and innovation. The model generalizes and extends the literature on biotech industry concentration. For specified parameter values, the out-of-steady-state dynamics are examined, and shown to generate model behavior which is consistent with empirical descriptions of biotech concentration and R&D-activity cycles. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11792 |
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| Oehmke, James F.; Crawford, Eric W.. |
| The Symposium on the Impact of Technology on Agricultural Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa funded by AID/AFR/ARTS and AID/RD/EID under the Michigan State University Food Security Cooperative Agreements, was held in Washington, D.C., Oct. 14-16, 1992. A primary purpose of the symposium was to present evidence which would either confirm or contradict the perception that the accomplishments of TDT were insufficient to justify continued funding. A secondary objective was to consider the adequacy of available analytical tools for impact assessment. The rate of return (ROR) is the most commonly used valuative measure of investments in technology development and transfer. Examined as a group, the estimated RORs support the proposition that African... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 18. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54058 |
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| Wessen, Paul D.; Oehmke, James F.. |
| Reform and privatization of administratively controlled marketing parastatals is always a thorny issue. Reform of public coffee parastatals is one of the most fascinating-and trickiest-exercises in free-market development. Coffee, a heterogenous, experience good, undergoes several processing stages with imperfect quality control, leading to agency problems. Successful privatization must address these problems. This paper analyzes the reform and partial privatization of the North West Cooperative Association (NWCA) parastatal in Cameroon. A conceptual, principal-agent framework informs the analysis. In an interesting twist, the reforms structured the marketing chain so that farmers are the residual claimants to profits from international sales, in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11640 |
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| Weatherspoon, Dave D.; Oehmke, James F.; Raper, Kellie Curry. |
| "It is further the policy of the Congress to promote the efficient production, marketing, distribution, and utilization of products of the farm as essential to the health and welfare of our peoples and to promote a sound and prosperous agriculture and rural life...It shall be the object and duty of the State agricultural experiment stations...to conduct original and other researches, investigations, and experiments...including researches basic to the problems of agriculture in its broadest aspects, and such investigations as have for their purpose and development and improvement of the rural home and rural life and the maximum contribution by agriculture to the welfare of the consumer..." (The Hatch Act) Land Grant Colleges and Universities (LGCUs) are... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11737 |
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| Weatherspoon, Dave D.; Oehmke, James F.; Wolf, Christopher A.; Naseem, Anwar; Maredia, Mywish K.; Hightower, Amie L.. |
| The emergence of agricultural biotechnology and policy responses to is altering global agricultural trade patterns. This paper models the effects of restrictive policies concerning the production and consumption of genetically modified agricultural products. The model relies on a Hecksher-Ohlin-Samuelson framework, adapted to include neo-Schumpeterian research and innovation. The model includes two 'North' countries, the United States (US) and the European Union (EU), and the 'South'. The EU is represented as prohibiting the production and consumption of biotech products, but not restricting biotech research relative to NA. Model results include implications for economic growth, welfare, and trade patterns for the EU, US and S, given the restrictive... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11566 |
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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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