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| Halberg, Niels; Refsgaard, Karen; Dalgaard, Tommy. |
| Energiforbruget i jordbrugsproduktionen er interessant både fra et ressource synspunkt og fordi udledningen af CO2 fra forbrænding af fossil energi bidrager til drivhuseffekten. Både i målsætningerne for den danske Landsforening for økologisk jordbrug (LØJ) og i landboorganisationernes oplæg til Godt landmandsskab år 2000 indgår desuden mål om at reducere forbruget af fossil energi og få den bedst mulige energiudnyttelse. Ved en kombination af studier i økologiske og konventionelle kvægbrug og brug af standardværdier for dieselforbrug til de enkelte markoperationer er der opstillet modeller for energiforbruget i mark og stald. I energiregnskaberne indgår både det direkte (diesel + el) og det indirekte energiforbrug (f.eks. energi medgået til produktion af... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Production systems Recycling; Balancing and resource management. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/6554/1/6554.pdf |
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| Halberg, Niels; Kristensen, Erik Steen; Refsgaard, Karen. |
| The problems of balancing agricultural production methods against environmental concern cannot be solved by focusing on single activities of livestock farming and experimental knowledge alone because of interactions between herds and crops and between the production system and the manager. An alternative method based on studies in private farms is proposed to evaluate the effects of the production intensity on pollution and resource efficiency. Energy use and crop yield in gram and grass-clover crops registered on conventional and organic mixed dairy farms were analyzed in order to facilitate modelization of energy efficiency in different production systems on different danish soil types. The energy efficiency was higher in organic crops on all soil types... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Farming Systems; Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/13115/1/13115.pdf |
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| Kledal, Paul Rye; Kjeldsen, Chris; Refsgaard, Karen; Söderbaum, Peter. |
| Ecological economics (EE) is proposed as an approach to decision making and planning in organic farming. It is argued that EE is better suited for this task than the conventional neoclassical economy approach. The contribution that EE can make to the organic farming movement is apparent on the ontological level, through its focus on socio-economic systems as nested subsystems of the ecosystem. In addition, EE’s stance on the issues of allocation, distribution and scale seems to constitute a more appropriate conceptualization about the interaction between socio-economic systems and the environment, which is more closely aligned to the principal aims of the organic farming movement. The concepts of time and scale are used as examples of how EE, with input... |
| Tipo: Book chapter |
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Biodiversity and ecosystem services. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/7427/2/7427.doc |
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| Refsgaard, Karen; Rogneby, Thor Johannes; Staven, Kjell; Ebbesvik, Martha; Rogstad, Berit; Knutsen, Heidi. |
| Økologisk planteproduksjon er mer enn konvensjonell planteproduksjon avhengig av de lokale og naturgitte forholdene, da det er begrenset mulighet til å substituere med innkjøpte innsatsfaktorer. I økologisk dyrking av korn og kjernebelgvekster forventer en lavere avlinger og større avlingsvariasjoner mellom år avhengig av jordart, moldinnhold, gjødsling, skadegjørere og vekstenes plassering i vekstskiftet. Økonomiske rammebetingelser slik som priser, tilskudd og politiske rammebetingelser varierer også mellom år og geografiske områder. Et viktig element for å kunne ta høyde for dette er god driftsledelse, som stiller krav til planleggingsverktøy for å kunne lage planer og budsjett under ulike forutsetninger. ØkologiPlan er et økonomisk... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Education; Extension and communication Production systems. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/6191/1/NILF_rapport_okonomiplan_refsgaard.pdf |
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| Refsgaard, Karen; Halberg, Niels; Kristensen, Erik Steen. |
| Searching for livestock production systems with a high energy utilization is of interest because of resource use and pollution aspects and because energy use is an indicator of the intensification of production processes. Due to interactions between crop and livestock enterprises and between levels of different input factors and their effects on yields, it is proposed to analyze agricultural energy utilization through system modelling of data from farm studies. Energy use in small grains, grass-clover and fodder beets registered in organic and conventional mixed dairy farms was analyzed and used together with crop yields in order to model energy prices on three Danish soil types. Conventional crop yields were higher but they also used more indirect energy... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects Farming Systems Recycling; Balancing and resource management. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/6189/1/6189.pdf |
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