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| Resplandy, L.; Keeling, R. F.; Eddebbar, Y.; Brooks, M.; Wang, R.; Bopp, L.; Long, Mc; Dunne, J. P.; Koeve, W.; Oschlies, A.. |
| The ocean is the main source of thermal inertia in the climate system. Ocean heat uptake during recent decades has been quantified using ocean temperature measurements. However, these estimates all use the same imperfect ocean dataset and share additional uncertainty due to sparse coverage, especially before 2007. Here, we provide an independent estimate by using measurements of atmospheric oxygen (O-2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) - levels of which increase as the ocean warms and releases gases - as a whole ocean thermometer. We show that the ocean gained 1.29 +/- 0.79 x 10(22) Joules of heat per year between 1991 and 2016, equivalent to a planetary energy imbalance of 0.80 +/- 0.49W watts per square metre of Earth's surface. We also find that the... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78794/81050.pdf |
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| Resplandy, L.; Boutin, J.; Merlivat, L.. |
| The considerable uncertainties in the carbon budget of the Southern Ocean are largely attributed to unresolved variability, in particular at a seasonal timescale and small spatial scale (similar to 100 km). In this study, the variability of surface pCO(2) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) at seasonal and small spatial scales is examined using a data set of surface drifters including similar to 80 000 measurements at high spatiotemporal resolution. On spatial scales of 100 km, we find gradients ranging from 5 to 50 mu atm for pCO(2) and 2 to 30 mu mol kg(-1) for DIC, with highest values in energetic and frontal regions. This result is supported by a second estimate obtained with sea surface temperature (SST) satellite images and local DIC-SST... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2014 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00240/35116/33613.pdf |
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