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| Sima, Laura C.; Schaeffer, Julien; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Elimelech, Menachem; Le Guyader, Soizick. |
| To evaluate membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment virus removal, a study was conducted in southwest France. Samples collected from plant influent, an aeration basin, membrane effluent, solid sludge, and effluent biweekly from October 2009 to June 2010 were analyzed for calicivirus (norovirus and sapovirus) by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) using extraction controls to perform quantification. Adenovirus and Escherichia coli also were analyzed to compare removal efficiencies. In the influent, sapovirus was always present, while the norovirus concentration varied temporally, with the highest concentration being detected from February to May. All three human norovirus genogroups (GI, GII, and GIV) were detected in effluent, but GIV was never... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15378/12810.pdf |
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